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Lesson4JourneytotheAntarcticland:14millionsqkm(280,000sqkmice-free,13.72millionsqkmice-covered)note:fifth-largestcontinent,followingAsia,Africa,NorthAmerica,andSouthAmerica,butlargerthanAustraliaandthesubcontinent(次大陆)ofEuropeLocation:continentmostlysouthoftheAntarcticCircleGeography:thecoldest,windiest,highest(onaverage),anddriestcontinent;duringsummer,moresolarradiation(辐射线)reachesthesurfaceattheSouthPolethanisreceivedattheEquator(赤道);mostlyuninhabitable(不适于居住的)penguin(胜利地)attheSouthPole.Hereachedagoalthatwasthedreamofmanymen.Forthefirsttime,humanvoicesbroketheawesome(可怕的)silenceoftheworld'ssouthernmost(最南的)point.RobertFalconScottwasbornatOutlandsonJune6,1868.HehadaracewithRoaldAmunsdentotheSouthPole,andheandhisfourcompanions(同伴)arrivedonemonthlaterthanScott.Butunfortunately,ontheirwayback,allofthemdiedofhungerandextremelycold.LtoR:Wilson,Evans,Scott,OatesandBowersTask1FastreadingReadthetextquicklyandfindtheanswerstothesequestions.1.WhichPoledidtheyraceto?2.Whendidtheygo?3.WhoreachedthePolefirst?TheSouthpole.1910-1911.AmundsenTask2:Carefulreading:(A)ReadthetextcarefullyandchooseTrueorFalse.1.ScottandAmundsenstartedtheirjourneysinthepolarspring.2.Scott’suseofsledgesandhorseswasasuccess.3.AmundsentravelledmorequicklythanScott.4.WhentheygottothePole,Scott’steamhadacelebration.5.CaptainOateswentforawalkanddiedinastorm.6.Scott’slastletterwastohiswife.(T)(F)(F)(T)(T)(T)(B)Answerthesequestionsaccordingtothetext.1.WhydidAmundsensucceedandScottfail?2.WhatdidScott’steamachieve?Amundsensucceededbecausehemaderapidprogressbecausehehadteamsofdogspullingthesledgesandhismenwereonskis.TheyreachedthePolealthoughtheydidn’twintheraceandtheybecameheroesbecauseoftheircourage.TheycollectedrocksthatprovedAntarcticahadoncebeencoveredbyplants.3.WhydidScottandhismenbecomeheroes?4.Howdidyoufeelafteryoureadthestory?Theybecameheroesbecausealthoughtheydiedonthereturnjourney,theyshowedextraordinarycourageallthetime.1.Thenhepreparedforthereturnjourney.preparefor…为…而准备…Hopeforthebestandpreparefortheworst.Pleaseprepareatablefordinner.Wemustpreparetheroomforthemeeting.我们必须为会议准备好房间。…,bothteamsorganisedfoodbasesinpreparationfortheirjourneysthenextyear.preparationn.Youcannotpassanexaminationwithoutpreparation.你不准备就不可能通过考试。inpreparationforgettingreadyforsomething为…作准备Hepackedhisbagsinpreparationforthejourney.他打好提包，为旅行作准备。inpreparation在准备中Thebookisstillinpreparation.书仍在编写中。2.Becauseofthis,hemaderapidprogress.progressn.movingforward前进makeprogressin/withsth.progressn.gettingbetter进步；进展Hemadenoprogressinlearningtowrite.他在学习写作方面没有进步。Areyoumakinganyprogresswithyourstudy?Haveyoumaderapidprogresssinceyouenteredschool?进学校以来你进步快吗？3.breakdowngowrongandstopworking出毛病；不运转·Themachinebrokedown.机器坏了。·ThenthecarIwasinbrokedown.这时我乘坐的汽车坏了。stop;pause中断·Theconversationbrokedownatthispoint.这时候谈话中断了。breakin蹩脚英语breakinon/upon非法进入,强行进入breakout使人心碎breakone’sheart爆发,突然讲出brokenEnglish打搅,使停顿4.ThenexttogowasCaptionOats,whowashavinggreatdifficultywalking.havedifficulty/problemwithsth.havedifficulty/problem(in)doingsth.Idon’thavemuchdifficultywithEnglishgrammar.Ionceaskedhimifhehadanydifficultyinkeepingfivechildreninschool.有一次我问他供五个孩子上学是否有什么困难。·Ihadagreatdealofdifficultyinreadingthetext.5.spendsb.spend…onsth.sb.spend…(in)doingsth.e.g.Hedoesn’tspendmuchtimeonhishomework.Hespentmuchtimecorrectingmygrammar.6.HehadfailedtowintheracetothePole,...failvi.失败e.g.Allourplansfailed.failinsth.在…不足,在…失败.e.g.Hehasfailedinhismathematics.ShefailedinherlastEnglishexam.failtodosth.没有能够,没有e.g.Hefailstounderstanditsrealsignificance.WhenIfailedtofindyou,Isentyouanotebymessenger(通信员).7.Themenweresoonexhaustedandwererunningoutoffood.beexhausted(by/with/from)adj.[因…而]疲惫的,筋疲力竭的Wewereexhaustedbytheclimbupthehill.我们因爬上那座小山而筋疲力竭。Wewere[felt]quiteexhaustedwiththetoil.我们因那件辛苦的工作而感到十分疲惫。runoutof=beusedup,finished用完,耗尽Thepetrolisrunningout./Wearerunningoutofpetrol.汽油快用光了[我们的汽油快用光了].Ourtimeisrunningout./Wearerunningoutoftime.我们剩下的时间不多了.runout失效,过期Mypassporthasrunout.我的护照已失效.Theleaseonourflatrunsoutinafewmonths.我们公寓的租约还有几个月就到期了.表现勇敢,表现勇气/胆识Heshowedgreatcourageinbattle.他在战斗中表现得十分勇敢.Trevorshowedgreatcouragewhenhesavedthechildfromtheburninghouse.特里弗在烈火中把孩子从屋里抢救出来时表现得非常英勇。losecourage失去勇气recover(=regain)courage恢复勇气summonupcourage一鼓作气拉雪橇pullthesledge推雪橇pushthesledge过去；曾经atonetime失去目标losethegoal抽时间findtime筋疲力竭beexhausted在遥远的过去inthedistantpast生病haveadisease继续；进行；经营carryon开始,进行beon遇到麻烦haveproblems走向死亡walktoone’sdeath勇敢者的举动theactofabraveman使某人成为英雄makesbintoahero赢得南极的比赛wintheracetothepole以…结束生命meettheendwithMatchColumnAwithColumnB.sledgebreakdownrunoutofambitionhopelesscheerfuldistantcarryonwithinshockedstopfunctioningwithouthope•insideequipmentusedformovingonsnowcontinueextremelysurprisedhappyfarawaysomethingyouwanttoachievehavingnothingleftAB•Reviseth