基于LabVIEW的步进电机控制系统设计

青岛理工大学本科毕业设计（论文）说明书I目录摘要...............................................................................................................IIAbstract.......................................................................................................III目录.................................................................................................................I第1章绪论.................................................................................................11.1课题研究的意义及现状..........................................................................................11.2论文主要研究内容..................................................................................................3第2章步进电机控制系统总体方案设计..................................................42.1步进电机控制系统的方案选择..............................................................................42.2步进电机控制系统的开发软件选择......................................................................6第3章步进电机控制系统硬件的设计....................................................93.1概述..........................................................................................................................93.2硬件的选择..............................................................................................................93.3硬件连线................................................................................................................23第4章步进电机控制系统软件的设计..................................................244.1软件编程环境的建立............................................................................................244.2“连续运行”VI的编程.......................................................................................254.3“指定角度运行”VI的编程...............................................................................264.4主程序的编程........................................................................................................274.5前面板的设计........................................................................................................32第5章实验...............................................................................................345.1接线........................................................................................................................345.2软件调试................................................................................................................365.3调试过程的总结....................................................................................................37结论...............................................................................................................38参考文献.......................................................................................................39青岛理工大学本科毕业设计（论文）说明书II致谢...............................................................................................................41附件1............................................................................................................42附件2............................................................................................................51摘要步进电机作为执行机构，是机电一体化的关键产品之一。步进电机突出的优点是它可以在宽广的频率范围内，通过改变脉冲频率来实现调速，快速起停、正反转控制等，并且由其组成的开环系统既简单、廉价，又非常可靠，广泛地应用在各种计算机控制的自动系统中。随着微电子和计算机技术的发展，步进电机的需求和应用量与日俱增。本文研究了步进电机的工作原理，对步进电机控制系统进行了整体方案的设计、硬件的选择及接线；在学习了LabVIEW的基础上，研究了LabVIEWFPGA模块的编程和应用；对PXI-7833R板卡进行了全面的学习，研究了如何使用LabVIEW对FPGA板卡进行编程；通过LabVIEW完成产生频率可调的脉冲信号和布尔信号的程序，经编译后下载到PXI-7833R板卡，以实现步进电机控制脉冲及方向信号的生成；完成了步进电机控制系统的软件设计，包括前面板设计、连续运转和指定角度运转程序以及步进电机启动和停止过程的加减速程序。最后，完成了程序的调试，验证该步进电机控制系统设计的可行性。本文将虚拟仪器与FPGA技术应用于步进电机的速度控制和转动方向控制，对拓宽步进电机的应用领域具有积极的意义。关键词：步进电机控制；LabVIEW；FPGA；脉冲发生青岛理工大学本科毕业设计（论文）说明书IIIAbstractAsexecutivecomponents,steppingmotorisoneofthekeyproductsofmechatronics,widelyusedinallkindsofautomaticcontrolsystem.Steppingmotor’sprominentadvantageisthatitcanrealizespeedchange,faststartandstop,positiveandnegativecontrolandsooninwidefrequencyrange,bychangingthepulsefrequency,andtheopenloopsystemmadeupbywhichisverysimple,cheap,andreliableWiththedevelopmentofmicroelectronicsandcomputertechnology,thedemandandapplyforstepmotorissteadilyontheincrease.,soithasextremelyextensiveapplicationinmanyfields.ThisarticleStudingtheworkprincipleofsteppingmotor,designingthewholeprojectofthestepmotorcontrolsystem,thechoiceofhardwareandwiring;basedonthestudyofLabVIEW,studingtheprogrammingandapplicationofLabVIEWFPGAmodule,anddesigningbyusingtheFPGAmodule;studingthePXI-7833RtargetcomprehensivelyandhowtoprogrameontheFPGAtargetthroughLabVIEW;completingtheprogramofgeneratingthefrequencyadjustablepulsesignalandBooleansignalThroughtheLabVIEW,downloadingtoPXI-7833Raftercompilingsoastorealizethesteppingmotorcontrolpulseanddirectionsignalgeneration;Completingthesoftwaredesignofthesteppingmotorcontrolsystem,includingthefrontpaneldesign,programofcontinuousoperation,operatingatdesignatedangleandthesteppingmotor’saccelerationanddecelerationduringstartandstop.Atlast,completingdebugtovalidatethatthedesignofsteppingmotorcontrolsystemisfeasible.Thisstudyisgoodforvirtualinstrumenttobeusedinthestepmotorspeedcontrolandrotationdirectioncont