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语法之一---词类2009-12-20词类知识树词类名词数词冠词代词副词动词形容词介词连词感叹词词类知识树普通名词种类数个体名词集体名词物质名词抽象名词单数复数可数名词不可数名词专有名词名词所有格规则的不规则的常见的不可数名词有：吃喝类：water,air,oil,milk,cheese,cake,bread,sugar,salt其他：snow,rain,soil,paper,informationfamily，staff,police,cattle,audience,youth,team,public,navy,data,government常考的集合名词有：可数名词-复数变化规则的kitepetdogroom变化1kitespetsdogsrooms通常在名词后直接加s读音规则：清辅音后s读【s】浊辅音后s读【z】变化2classfoxwatchbushheroclassesfoxeswatchesbushesheroes变化规则：以s,x,sh,ch及部分o结尾的名词复数后加es读音规则：【s】【z】【∫】【t∫】【dЗ】后读作【iz】;o后读【s】变化3lifeleaflivesleaves变化规则：部分以f/fe结尾的名词复数变f/fe为v加es变化4f/fe名词变复数歌诀：妻子持刀去宰狼wife,knife,wolf小偷吓得发了慌thief躲在架后保己命shelf,self,life半片树叶遮目光half,leafflyspyfliesspies变化规则：以辅音+y结尾的名词复数变y为i加es读作【iz】5附以o结尾名词变复数歌诀：-es：黑人英雄喜欢吃土豆西红柿；Negro,hero,potato,tomato-s:工作间里有架钢琴，钢琴上有台收音机，收音机旁有张照片，照片上有一个动物园，动物园里到处都是竹子。studio,piano,radio,photo,zoo,bamboo可数名词-复数变化不规则的变化1manwomangentlemanEnglishmanbusinessmanpolicemanmenwomengentlemenEnglishmenbusinessmenpolicemen1类：a→e2类：oo→ee3类：ouse→ice4类：词尾加(r)en变化2foottoothgoosefeetteethgeese变化3mouselousemicelice变化4childoxchildrenoxen变化5sheepdeerworksseriesspeciesChineseaircraftsheepdeerworksseriesspeciesChineseaircraft5类：单复数同形名词的所有格形式-’sAofBB的A双重所有格boystudentsJameseachotherTomandJackboy’sstudents’James’/James’seachother’sboxTomandJack’sroomTom’sandJack’sroomTom’sroomandJack’s1.一般名词后加-’s2.以s结尾的复数名词后加-’3.以s结尾的单数名词后加-’或-’s4.复合名词短语仅在最后一个名词后加-’s：eachother汤姆和杰克共有的房间汤姆和杰克各自的房间表人/其他有生命的名词的所有格附5.表店铺、医院、住宅及公共建筑时，名词所有格后常不出现它所修饰的名词如atthebarber’s(shop)中国的首都猫的脸汤姆的建议thecapitalofChinathefaceofthecattheadviceofTom多用于无生命的名词的所有格AworkofLuXun’sThatcarofmyuncle’s特定人所拥有的多个人或物的一个或多个特殊情感：名词与指示代词连用，用赞赏、厌恶等情绪表人/其他有生命的名词的所有格…of+名词’s小试牛刀1.Therearesome_______(potato)inthebasket.2.Look!Therearealotof______(leaf)ontheground.3.Two________(policeman)arestandingthere.4.Shehasthree______(boy).5.Thereareafew______(people)intheroom.6.Iwantthree_____(cup)of_____(milk).7.Therearetwo______(baby)inthepicture.8.These________(watch)and______(clock)aremadeinChina.9.Iwanttowritealetter.Ihaveapen,butIneedsome______(paper).10.Therearethree________(country)inNorthAmerica:Canada,theUnitedStatesandMexico.Group1potatoesleavespolicemenboyspeoplecupsmilkbabieswatchesclockspapercountriesGroup21.Ihavealotof______(money)inmypocket.2.Therearealotof____(tree)and______(child)inthepark.3.Bobisstudying.Hehasalotof_______(homework)todo.4.Iliketogotothezoo.Iliketowatchelephants,tigersand________(monkey).5.Peoplewearshoesontheir______(foot).6.Lionahasfourbags.Shecan’tcarryallofthem.Sheneedssome______(help).7.The_______(woman)teachersaremoreinourschoolthanintheirs.8.Insomecountries,peopledon’tusecupsfortheirtea.Instead,theyuse_______(glass).9.Mynotebookhas150_______(piece)ofpaper.10.Mydictionaryhas437________(page).moneytreeschildrenhomeworkmonkeysfeethelpwomenglassespiecespages1.tooth2.German3.photo4.wife5.box6.zoo7.story8.potato9.shelf10.keyGroup31.teeth2.Germen3.photos4.wives5.boxes6.zoos7.stories8.potatoes9.shelves10.keys11.sandwich12.grass13.century14.sheep15.tomato16.party17.policeman8.wish9.ox10.knife1.sandwiches2.grasses3.centuries4.sheep5.tomatoes6.parties7.policemen8.wishes9.oxen10.knivesGroup4翻译：1.世界地图2.法国的首都3.一个月的薪水4.世界人口5.成千上万棵树6.3/4的世界书刊、报纸7.我哥哥的一个朋友8.黎明的一张照片9.这个女孩的父母10.理发店Translation：1.amapoftheworld2.thecapitalofFrance3.amonth’ssalary4.thepopulationoftheworld5.thousandsoftrees6.threequartersoftheworld’sbooksandnewspapers7.afriendofmybrother’s8.apictureofLiMing’s9.thisgirl’sparents10.thebarber’s(shop)Group4用所有格填空1.Theshopsells_________books.(children)2.Maryisa_______name.(girl)3.Dickislivingathis_______house.(uncle)4.________livesarebusy.(students)5.Doyouknowmy________wives?(brothers)6._______exercisesarebetterthan_______(Alice,James)7.Iforgottolistento______weatherreport.(today)8.Maryisill.Shehasgonetothe_______.(doctor)9.It’sthree________ridefrommyschooltothepark.(minutes)10.Mygrandmotheris_________________mother.(myfatherormymother)children’sgirl’suncle’sStudents’brothers’Alice’sJames’today’sdoctor’sminutes’myfather’sormymother’s+冠词普通名词种类个体名词集体名词物质名词抽象名词复数单数可数名词不可数名词专有名词名词定冠词the不定冠词a/an零冠词冠词定冠词the不定冠词a/an零冠词＋复可名不可名泛指的人、物特指＋复可名不可名特指类指单可名特指类指专指单可名＋泛指类指泛指：指首次提到的，不限定的人或物。特指：指在上文已经提到过的人或物，或被限制性修饰语在其后加以限定的人或事物，或者是指说话双方心目中所默认的特定的人或事物。类指：指具有共同性质或典型特征的事物的一个类别。专指：指类别中的一员或一部分事物英语格言ENGLISHPROVERBSPPT模板下载：行业PPT模板：节日PPT模板：素材下载：背景图片：图表下载：优秀PPT下载：教程：教程：教程：资料下载：课件下载：范文下载：试卷下载：教案下载：、Ifyouaredoingyourbest,youwillnothavetoworryaboutfailure.如果你竭尽全力，你就不用担心失败。2、Winnersdowhatlosersdon'twanttodo.胜利者做失败者不愿意做的事！3.Livingwithoutanaimislikesailingwithoutacompass.AlexanderDumas(DavydeLaPailleterie,FrenchWriter)生活没有目标就像航海没有指南针。(法国作家大仲马.A.)4.Nothingisimpossible!没有什么不可能！5.Dowhatyousay,saywhatyoudo做你说过的，说你能做的