国内外光伏发电站环境影响评价方法简析

2011－09－141964－。1674－6139201201－0173－06121211．2100442．210031、10MAPBetapark4MW、、、、、、、。X820．3APhotovoltaicPowerStationandEnvironmentalImpactAssessmentMethodsbothDomesticandInternationalZhuLin12WuFei12LiJian11．SchoolofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineeringNanjingUniversityofinformationalScience＆technologyNanjing210044China2．StatePowerEnvironmentalProtectionResearchInstituteNanjing210031ChinaAbstractSummarizedthecurrentstatusofphotovoltaicPVtechnologyanalyzedandcomparedtheenvironmentalimpactenvi-ronmentalassessmentrequirementsdescribednationalwindandsolarstorageandtransportationdemonstrationengineeringDunhuang10MAPsolarPVpowergenerationengineeringandBulgariaBetaparkLTD．4MWPVpowerprojectinChinaandtheevaluationfactorsofPVpowerstationduringconstructionoperationandlifecycleswhichlocatedawayfromthecityintheurbanareasorbuilding－inte-gratedbothdomesticandinternational．Summarizedandproposedtheecologysolidwastenoiseelectromagneticradiationetc．asthemajorevaluationfactorsofPVpowerstationunderlinedPVpowerstationofdesignconstructionoperationmanagementandenviron-mentalprotectionforChinaperfectenvironmentalimpactassessmentofdomesticPVpowerstation．Keywordsphotovoltaicpowerstationenvironmentalimpactevaluationfactors。。、、、。1。。·371·37120121EMVIRONMENTALSCIENCEANDMANAGEMENTVoL37No．1Jan201211．1。“”。、、、1。Stand—AlonePVSystemGrid．ConnectedPVSystem。。2。。、、、、、、。。20%40%3。1．2。、。。BIPV4。22．1、《1978》、《1978》、《1990》、《1992》、《2005》“”、、、、。2010721“”201022012202130GW50GW。50%“”5。2009500MW3800MW、。、。。6。。。。。。。2．220107·471·37120121·VoL37No．1Jan2012。20107113%8%12%。20101013%。“”500kW7。《》UVPG《》BBergGUVP－VBergbau《》BauGB《》ROG《》。EIADirective337/85/EECSEADirective42/2001/EGEspooConventionSEAProtocol。。。/EIA/SEA。2．3《》、《》、《》。212008197kW15%。。1992“”。2003《》8。2009200650%。20096《2030》。200911、。2．4《》、《》、《》、《》、《》、《》、《》、《》、《》、《》。2009、“”“”、0．002/kWh0．004/kWh“”、、、、、、、、9。33．1TheocharisTsoutsos10。———。、、。。、、、、、、。·571·37120121·VoL37No．1Jan20123．1．1。。3．1．2。CISCdTe11。。。12。3．1．3。。。。13。。。、。。。3．1．4W。In/Te/GaCd。CdTeCdCd0．001%0．01g/GWh。CdZn14。3．1．5。。0．1－1%。2．757－3．845kgCO2/kWp5．049－5．524kgSO2/kWp4．507－5．273NOx/kWp1215。3．1．6、。。3．1．716。。。17。3．2183．2．1。、、、、、。。。·671·37120121·VoL37No．1Jan2012。62%74%6%20%。、。3．2．2。45%。、、、。3．33．3．1200912111950MW、50MW20MW220kV50MW。、。、、、、、。3．3．210MWP13km———。、、、、、、、20。3．3．3Betapark4MWBetapark4MW212MW2MW。Ihtiman42°24＇39．4823°52＇40．70。、、、、、、、。4、、、、、。、、。、、、、。、。、、、、。、35kV。。、、、、、1。·771·37120121·VoL37No．1Jan20121、5。、、、、。1．J．．2009305290－295302．2．J．．200726106－10S35．3．J．．201128135－37．4．J．2011150－51．5R．2010．ht-tp//．gzkjcg．gov．cn/tabid/86/ArticleID/4301/Default．aspx．6PhotovoltaicsPV．EnergyTechnologyFactSheet．UNEPDivisionofTechnologyIndustryandEconomics·EnergyandOzonActionUnit．．uneptie．org/energy．7R．http//．p5w．net/news/cjxw/201009/t3217779．htm．8R．2010．http//．bioon．com/bioindustry/bioenergy/435493．shtml．9．————J．．2010323149－155．10TheocharisTsoutsosaNikiFrantzeskakiVassilisGek-as．EnvironmentalimpactsfromthesolarenergytechnologiesJ．EnergyPolicy200533289－296．11Various1996．BoyleG．Ed．Renewableener-gy．Powerforasustainablefuture．TheOpenUniversityOxfordPressLondon．12OECD/IEA1998．BenignenergyTheenvironmen-talimplicationsofrenewableinternationalenergyagency．iea．org．13HestnesA．G．1999．Buildingintegrationofsolarenergysystems．SolarEnergy67181－187．14FthenakisV．ZweibelK．2003．CdTephotovolta-icsrealandperceivedEHSrisksNCPVProgramReviewMeeting．pv．nnl．govMarch2003．15RaptisF．SachauJ．KasparF．1995．Assess-mentoftheexternalcostsofthephotovoltaicandwindenergylifecycle—nationalimplementationinGermanyreportDGXIIJOULEISETKasselGermany．16TsoutsosT．MavrogiannisI．KarapanagiotisN．TselepisS．2003b．AnanalysisoftheGreekPhotovoltaicMarket．Renewableandsustainableenergyreviewsinpress．17FthenakisV．2000．End－of－lifemanagementandrecyclingofPVmodules．EnergyPolicy281051－1058．18http//bbs．jxcn．cn/dispbbs．aspboardid=6＆id=251067＆page=0＆star=2．19R2009．2010MWPR2007．8．21BetaparkR、、、SunserviceLtd．2009．·871·37120121·VoL37No．1Jan2012