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必修五Unit1Greatscientists提出/提名得出结论显露；暴露于和…联系/连接挑战某人做某事专心于，全神贯注于应受责备/应该负责在…方面是专家/熟悉照顾，服侍;照料注意;照顾;处理治愈某人的疾病怀疑某人做某事putforwarddrawaconclusionexpose…to…link…to…challengesb.todo...beabsorbedinbetoblame(for…)beexpertin/at…attend(on)attendtocuresb.ofsth.suspectsb.of(doing)sth.GrammarlearningThePastParticipleastheattributeandpredicative过去分词作定语和表语一、过去分词作定语1、单个的过去分词作定语时一般兼有被动和完成的意义。eg：一只迷路的动物一枚用过的邮票一个受伤的手指一枚破损的硬币一支点燃的蜡烛alostanimalausedstampaninjuredfingerabrokencoinalightedcandle一颗破碎的心丢失的孩子已经升起的太阳单个的过去分词作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词或代词前面；abrokenhearttherisensunalostchild注意:单个过去分词修饰something,everything,anything,nothing,somebody,nobody，those等不定代词时，要放在这些词后面。Nothingreported(inthenewspaper)interestedhim.peopleaddictedtodrugsanovelwrittenbyLuxuntheadvicegiventothepatientanoldmansupportedbyhissonaschoolbuiltfororphans过去分词短语作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词或代词后面。过去分词作定语也可用作非限制性定语，前后用逗号隔开。Thebooks,writtenbyGuoJingming,areverypopularwithteenagers.这些书是郭敬明写的，深受青少年的喜爱。Someofthem,bornandbroughtupinruralvillages,hadneverbeentoBeijing.他们中的一些人，在农村出生并长大，从没去过北京.Thebook___________________(一本农民写的书)isverypopular.Thebuilding__________________(去年建的楼房)collapsedintheWenchuanearthquake.Theproblem__________________________(在昨天会议上讨论的)wasverydifficulttosolve.Thewindow_________________________(被那个顽皮男孩打破的)isbeingrepaired.writtenbythefarmerbuiltlastyeardiscussedatthemeetingyesterdaybrokenbythatnaughtyboyThechildren________________________昨天在医院检查的)wereseriouslyill.Thepeople_________________(暴露在阳光下的)gotsunburnt.Theboy_____________________________(受到老师严厉惩罚的)isnowacollegestudent.Thewater___________________________(送到他家的水)carrieddisease.examinedinthehospitalyesterdayexposedtothesunpunishedseverelybytheteacherdeliveredtohishome1.语态上现在分词:表示主动的动作过去分词:表示被动的动作Heisthemanswimmingintheriverjustnow.HewasreadinganovelwrittenbyCharlesDickens.过去分词和现在分词在做定语时的区别：2.时间上现在分词:表示正在进行过去分词:表示完成therisingsuntherisensunthefallingleavesthefallenleavesboilingwaterboiledwaterachangingworldachangedworldthedevelopingcountrythedevelopedcountry过去分词和现在分词在做定语时的区别：过去分词表示被动或完成；现在分词表示主动或进行。总结：过去分词作定语A.firstplayedB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayingD.tobefirstplayingA①过去分词做定语与其修饰词之间是动宾关系且过去分词表示的动作已完成。②现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生，与修饰词是主谓关系。③不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作。firstplayedin776B.C.=whichwasfirstplayedin776B.C.TheOlympicGames,___in776B.C.didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.Consolidation1.Pricesofdailygoods____throughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices.A.areboughtB.boughtC.beenboughtD.buyingB3.Don’tusewords,expressionsorphrases____onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.A.beingknownB.havingbeenknownC.tobeknownD.knownD•Iknowthepeoplebuildingthehousethere.(主动、进行）•Thehousebeingbuiltoverthereisashop.(被动、正在建)•Thehousebuiltoverthereisashop.（被动、已建好）•Thehousetobebuiltoverthereisdesignedbyafamousarchitect（被动、将来）Hisbook____________lastyearsellswell.Hisbook_____________nowwillbeonsalenextyear.Hisbook_____________nextyearwillbehisbestone.Thepress(出版社)___________hisbookisfamousinthecity.publishedbeingpublishedtobepublishedpublishingpublish过去分词作表语1.用作表语的过去分词被动意味很弱，主要表示动作的完成和状态，此时相当于一个形容词。2.被动语态的过去分词动词意味很强,句子主语为动作的承受者，后面常跟by短语。①Theglassisbroken.TheglasswasbrokenbyTom.②Thewindowsareclosed.ThewindowsareclosedbyJack.位于be/系动词后面3.表示“感觉流露”的一些过去分词(如:interested,surprised,excited,frightened,shocked)和一些过去分词(如dressed,drunk,devoted,lost,known)常用作表语,表示状态.其中有些仅表示状态,毫无被动意味。①Howdidtheaudiencereceivethenewplay?Theygotveryexcited.③Shewasverydisappointedtoheartheresult.④He’squiteexperiencedinteachingbeginners.②HowdidBobdointheexamsthistime?Well,hisfatherseemspleasedwithhisresults.过去分词作表语C该题考查分词作表语的用法。“topaysb.bythehour”计时给某人报酬。此题被动结构作表语。类似的有：getburnt,gethurt,getwounded.Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget________bythehour.A.payB.payingC.paidD.topay系动词1.look,sound,smell,taste,feel2.become,get,turn,grow,fall,go,come3.stay,keep,remain4.seem,appear5.turnout,prove（证明是，结果是）Practice:Completethesentencesusingthepastparticipleasthepredicative.1.丢了钱他自责不已。(blame)He______________aboutlosingthemoney.2、你为什么总是看上去很疲劳？这些日子睡得好吗？Whydoyoualways_____________?Doyousleepwellthesedays?gotblamedlooksotired3.我对昨晚看的电影很失望。我原以为它能好些。(disppoint)I_____________________thefilmIsawlastnight,Ihadexpectedittobebetter.4.听说那位明星死了，人人都很惊讶。Everybody____________tohearthedeathofthefamousfilmstar．wasdisappointedwithwasshocked5.要去动物园了，孩子们非常兴奋。Thechildren______________________goingtothezoo．6.他的伤口感染了一种新病毒.(infect)Hiswound______________________anewvirus．arereallyexcitedaboutbecame/wasinfectedwith比较：Thefilmisinteresting.I'minterestedinEnglish．surprising~surprisedexciting~exciteddisappointing~disappointedtiring~tiredamazing~amazedboring~boredrelaxing~relaxedpleasing~pleasedconfusing~confusedsatisfying~satisfiedastonishing~astonishedinspiring~inspiredamusing~amusedentertaining~entertaineddepressing~depressed1.A.Nobodywasinthestoryhetold.B.Thestoryhetoldwasvery.(interested,interesting)2.A.Everybodywastohearthenews.B.Thenewsisveryindeed.(excited,exciting)3.A.Theresultofthetestwasrather.B.Hewasveryattheresultofthetest.(disappointed,disappointing)4.A.Whathesaidwasvery.B.Iwasveryatthesight.(amused,amusing)Fillintheblankwithproperwords.interestedinter