虚拟地理环境研究与发展思考

2004/6/17“”[e-mail],[e-mail]•;•;•(E-Science);••119971120015GIS+“”———21AlphaWorldGroundZero2/33.1GIS(GISVGE?)2-DGISGIS(2D)GIS(3D)(3D)GIS3-DGIS/3.2GIS(GISVGE?)•GISystem--GIScience–GIService•PPGIS(PublicParticipatoryGIS)•GIS•Human-CenteredGIS•MobileGIS•VirtualGIS,VRGIS…GIS•GIS---GIS“”•GISasmedia,GISascommunicationmediaMichaelF.Goodchild“AugmentingGeographicReality”•GISGISasresearchassistant•GISGISasnewcommunicationmedium•GISGISasameansforaugmentingthesenses3.3•“……”•“TheChineseUniversityliesonaspacious134-hectarecampuswithsome110state-of-the-artbuildings.ItrisesfromToloHarbourjustnorthofShaTin-aburgeoningnewtowninHongKong'shistoricruralarea.”••GIS•3.4()(Cybertown)3.5CADCAD-DMUConferenceAAAB3.6DISCCTT,Koller3.7••4/•••••“”•“GIS”•MacEachren•GeoVISTA:thePennsylvaniaStateUniversityGeographicVisualizationScience,Technology,andApplicationsCenter.•GeoVE,•“DAVE_G-DAVE_G:DialogueAssistedVisualEnvironmentforGeoinformation”MaxEgenhofer•“iMap:intelligent,interactive,andInternet-connectedmaps”iMap()“”2001529-302002311,“”20021025-26“”2004-2005“”“”2003/12/22UniversityCollegeLondon)CenterforAdvancedSpatialAnalysis)MichaelBattyGeoVISTAAlanM.MacEachrenCGIA(Buffalo)DavidMark.-..2001.20022)...2002/09/205VGE,GIS,Visualization)66.1123/GIS4-(-//5/“”6.21[GIS+VR/VE+Internet]2••.GISGPS36.313,45...“”2002II-1-7.)AspectsassociatedwithVGE:•Human-Centered•Multi-users•Collaboration•Navigationinrealtime•SharedSpaceandenvironments•DistributedMobileComputing•Multi-ModalCommunicationandInteraction(Visual,Auditory,etc.)•GeoComputation•GeoVisualization•Intelligent•GridTechnology•Adigital,virtualresearchenvironmentorplatformforgeoscientists;•Aexperimentallabfordealingwithcomplexgeoproblems;•Acomprehensive,integratedenvironmenttohandlenon-linear,multi-dimensional,complexsystemssuchasgeographicsystems.•Aninnovativeenvironmentsforstimulatingnewthinkingandcreativeideas.•GeographicAesthetics(BeautifulLandscape,ART)•GeographicCognition(CognitivePsychology)•GeographicPhilosophy(Being,Absence/presence,virtualpractice,creativethinking,VRaslabforthoughts,relationbetweenvirtualworldsandrealworlds)onamethodologicallevelonatechnicallevelonamulti-disciplinarylevel..“”2002II-1-7.)“”/“”..“”2002II-1-7.)3S77.11“”a)b)“”;•2002“/”••“”2)“”3)“”•8090“”“”••“”“”7.27.37.4Grid-BasedE-Science(1e-Sciencee-Science2004‘e-Scienceisabouttimeandlocationindependentglobalcollaborativeexperimentalscienceviasharingoffacilitiesexploitingthenextgenerationof(inter)nationalinfrastructurethatwillenableit’(Hertzberger,2003).‘e-Sciencewillchangethedynamicofthewayscienceisundertaken’(Taylor,2001).2e-Science3e-Science20042000-2003RSRSGISGIS4E-ScienceSciencePortal,AdvancedPhotonSource,~laszewsk/GRID)SGIontheGridVisualAreaNetworkinginGridEnvironments•GridbackbonessuchasNSFnet,superJANET,andCANARIEprovideenoughbandwidthtosupportfullvisualizationcapabilities.•Gridconnectionswithlessthan40Mb-per-secondbandwidthmayimpactper-formance,dependingontheapplication.ApplicationsVirtualGeographicLabGridFramework81;2;3;4.1);•3-DVolumeVisualizationforMineralResources(KCLContent)0.0-0.50.5-1.01.0-1.51.5%•3-DReconstructionoftheYaolinCave,ZhejiangProvince2•3-DVisualizationofLandslideProcess.3-DComputationVisualizationofFloodModel0=∂∂+∂∂+∂∂yhxhuthν)()(22223/42/1222yuxuhuungxzgyuxuutu∂∂+∂∂=++∂∂+∂∂+∂∂+∂∂ννν)()(22223/42/1222yxhungyzgyxut∂∂+∂∂=++∂∂+∂∂+∂∂+∂∂ννννννννν3).SimulationofSARSTransmissionandControl4).theWeb-BasedMulti-UserVirtualCountryPark5)3-DVisualizationEnvironmentsupportingDamNetworkPlanningfortheQiuyuanwatershedintheloessplateau9•;•;•(e-Science);••••/•(,••/.