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who人主，宾，表whom人宾whose人定which物主，宾，表that人或物主，宾，表when（in等+which）时间词（时间）状语where(in等+which)地点词（地点）状语how方式词（方式）状语why（forwhich）reason（原因）状语先行词充当从句的1.HeisaChinesebasketballplayer____isinNBA.A.whichB.whomC.whoseD.whorevision2.Thisisourschool____weloveverymuch.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.whose3.Westudyinaschool_____environment（环境）isverybeautiful.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whose4.Thisisthedininghall（食堂）_____foodisverydelicious.A.whoseB.whichC.thatD.who关系副词的用法关系副词指代在从句中的作用when(=at/in/on/duringwhich)where(=in/atwhich)why(=forwhich)时间时间状语地点地点状语原因原因状语关系副词引导定语从句时，既引导定语从句，又在定语从句中充当状语。FindouttheattributiveclausesinReading.Para.11.ThetimewhenIfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.2.Itwasin1952andMandelawastheblacklawyertowhomIwentforadvice.3.Hewasgenerouswithhistime,forwhichIwasgrateful.Para.24.TheschoolwhereIstudiedforonlytwoyearswasthreekm.away.5.However,thiswasatimewhenonehadgottohaveapassbooktoliveinJohannesburg.Para.36.ThedaywhenNelsonMandelahelpedmewasoneofmyhappiest.7.…,untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.Para.48.Theycouldnotgetthejobtheywanted.9.Thepartsoftowninwhichtheyhadtoliveweredecidedbywhitepeople.10.TheplacesoutsidethetownswheretheyweresenttolivewerethepoorestpartsofSouthAfrica.11.Wewereputintoapositioninwhichwehadeithertoacceptwewerelessimportant,orfightthegovernment.12.Wefirstbrokethelawinawaywhichwaspeaceful.“when”means“atthattime”,“where”means“atthatplace”,“why”isusedaftertheword“reason”.EliasfirstmetMandelain1952.Hewas12yearsoldin1952.EliasfirstmetMandelain1952whenhewas12yearsold.1.WhendidEliasfirstmeetMandela?Andhowoldwashe?先行词关系副词定语从句August8th,2008isthedaywhenthe29thOlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijing.先行词1.August8th,2008istheday2.The29thOlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingontheday.定语从句关系副词August8th,2008isthedayonwhichthe29thOlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijing.IstillremembertheholidayswhenIstayedwiththem.when=duringtheholidaysIstillremembertheholidaysduringwhichIstayedwiththem.duringwhichwhen小结：when在定语从句中作时间状语，只能跟在表时间（如：time,day,week,month,etc.）相当于“介词+关系代词（which）”when=in/at/on/during+whichTheschoolwas3kilometersaway.Eliasstudiedintheschoolfor2years.TheschoolwhereEliasstudiedfortwoyearswas3kilometersaway.2.HowfarwasElias’school?HowlongdidEliasstudyintheschool?定语从句先行词关系副词Beijingisthecity_________the2008OlympicGameswillbeheld.whereBeijingisthecitywherethe2008OlympicGameswillbeheld.Beijingisthecity.The2008OlympicGameswillbeheldinthecity.Beijingisthecityinwhichthe2008OlympicGameswillbeheld.定语从句ThetownwhereourschoollocatediscalledYucheng.定语从句1.ThetowniscalledYucheng2.OurschoollocatedinYucheng.结论：where=inwhich:inYucheng小结：where在定语从句中作地点状语(如：place,school,factory,room,etc.)，相当于“介词+关系代词（which）”。地点where=at/in/on+whichBecausehisfamilycouldn’tpaytheschoolfeesandthebusfare.ThereasonwhyEliaslefthisschoolwasthathisfamilycouldn’tpaytheschoolfeesandthebusfare.Thereasonwhy…wasthat3.WhydidEliasleavehisschool?关系副词先行词定语从句ThereasonwasdestroyedisthattyphoonhitThereason_____Zhejiangwasdestroyedisthatthetyphoonhitit.浙江罗莎whyThereasonwhyZhejiangwasdestroyedisthatthetyphoonhitit.1.Thereasonisthatthetyphoonhitit.2.Zhejiangwasdestroyedforthereason.forwhich定语从句关系副词先行词Thereasonwhyherefusedtheinvitationisnotclear.关系副词why=forthereason定语从句先行词forwhich小结：Why通常跟在reason后引导定语从句,作原因状语，相当于“介词for+关系代词（which）”。关系代词前介词的确定:①They’llneverforgetJuly1onwhichHongKongreturnedtoitsmotherland.②1992istheyearinwhichyouwereborn.小结:根据先行词的习惯搭配①TheschooltowhichIwassentwasverylarge.②HongKongisthecityfromwhichhecomes.小结:根据定语从句中动词所需习惯搭配总结关系副词:where,when,why时间when=in/at/on/duringwhich地点where=at/in/onwhich原因why=forwhichEx.1.Atthetopofthemountainthereisasmallhouse________wecanseethebeautifulscenery.2.Who’stheman___________youshookhandsjustnow?3.Iwillrememberthetime___________Ifirstbecameahighschoolstudent.4.Hedidn’tgivethereason________hewaslate.inwhichwithwhomatwhichforwhichPrep.+which/whoma.Thisistheplacewhereheworks.Thisistheplacewhich(that)wevisitedlastyear.b.Thatwasthetimewhenhearrived.Doyoustillrememberthedaysthat(which)wespenttogether?c.Thisisthereasonwhy/forwhichhewent.Thereasonthat(which)hegaveuswasquitereasonable.Makecomparison先行词在定语从句中的成分不同,引导词不同。Thisisthereason__________hegaveme.Thisisthereason___________hewaslate.that/whichwhyThisisthefactory________myfatherworked.Thisisthefactory________myfathervisited.that/whichwhereOctober1isaday________wewillneverforget.October1isaday______ournewChinawasfounded.that/whichwhenEX.1.Theperson______________youshouldwritetoisMr.Ball.2.Thepersonto______youshouldwriteisMr.Ball.3.Thegames__________hecompetedinwereswimmingandshooting.4.Thegamesin________hecompetedwereswimmingandshooting.who/that/whomwhomwhich/thatwhich5.October1,1949istheday___________wewillneverforget.6.Isthistheshop__________sellschildren’sclothing/7.Hisparentswouldn’tlethimmarryanyone______familywaspoor.8.Thepen__________heiswritingnowwasboughtyesterday.withwhichthat/whichwhich/thatwhose9.Heistheman_________youcanturnforhelp.10.Thisisthetreeunder______weusedtoplaygames.11.Thefarm________weworkedtenyearsagoisn’twhatisusedtobe.12.Abiologistisaman_____