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长春理工大学本科毕业设计I摘要缓存技术本来是分布式计算环境中的重要技术。它可以改善系统的整体性能(如吞吐量、查询响应时间等)，在构建大规模视频服务系统时，可减少对磁盘的访问，提高系统性能。高速数据采集系统中，在存储设备的前端加一级缓存，可使低速存储设备无丢失地记录高速数据。不仅如此，现在比较高速CPU的性能参数时，一个重要的指标就是看其是否具有高速缓存。实时视频数据处理系统中，乒乓缓存结构是协调数据传输和处理速度的必要环节，其核心是乒乓缓存控制器。本文比较了FIFO、双口RAM和乒乓缓存结构3种数据缓冲电路的优缺点；讨论乒乓缓冲控制器的结构和原理；应用FPGA设计，给出逻辑仿真。实验结果表明：该设计可广泛应用于实时视频数据的无缝缓冲和高速处理系统，提高系统效率。关键字:乒乓缓存控制器实时视频处理FPGADSP长春理工大学本科毕业设计IIAbstractCachetechnologywasanimportanttechniqueindistributedcomputingenvironment.Itcanimprovetheoverallperformanceofthesystem(suchasthroughput,queryresponsetime),intheconstructionoflarge-scalevideoservicesystems,reducesdiskaccess,improvingtheperformanceofthesystem.Highspeeddataacquisitionsystem,storedinthefrontendofasecondlevelcache,thelowspeedmemorydevicewithoutlossrecordofhighspeeddata.Notonlythat,nowrelativelyhigh-speedCPUperformanceparameter,isanimportantindicatorofwhetheracache.Realtimevideodataprocessingsystem,ping-pangbufferstructureisthecoordinationofdatatransmissionandprocessingspeednecessarylink,itscoreisthepingpongcachecontroller.ThispapercomparestheFIFO,adualportRAMandping-pangbufferstructureof3kindsofdatabuffercircuitanddisadvantages;discussionofping-pangbuffercontrollerstructureandprinciple;applicationFPGAdesign,givesthelogicsimulation.Theexperimentalresultsshowthat:thedesigncanbewidelyappliedinthereal-timevideodataseamlessbufferingandhigh-speedprocessingsystem,improvetheefficiencyofthesystem.Keywords:ping-pangcachestructure;real-timevideoprocessingsystem;FPGA;DSP长春理工大学本科毕业设计III目录摘要...............................................................................................................................IAbstract........................................................................................................................II第1章绪论..............................................................................................................11.1DSP简介.......................................................................................................11.2FPGA简介....................................................................................................21.3毕业设计结构介绍........................................................................................4第2章实时视频处理..............................................................................................42.1实时处理视频研究背景................................................................................42.2色彩空间转换................................................................................................52.3实时图像和视频处理功能............................................................................62.3.1实时视频处理中的难点....................................................................72.3.2实时视频处理系统结构....................................................................8第3章乒乓缓存控制器的设计与实现..................................................................93.1常用数据缓存结构的优缺点比较................................................................93.1.1双口RAM结构................................................................................93.1.2FIFO结构..........................................................................................93.1.3乒乓缓存结构....................................................................................93.2乒乓缓存结构的特点..................................................................................103.3SRAM..........................................................................................................103.3.1SRAM的规格.................................................................................103.3.2SRAM的基本特点........................................................................113.3.3SRAM的主要用途.........................................................................113.3.4SRAM与SDRAM的比较.............................................................113.4乒乓缓存结构在视频处理系统中的应用..................................................133.4.1视频处理系统的硬件结构..............................................................133.4.2乒乓缓存结构的设计......................................................................143.4.3乒乓缓存控制器接口......................................................................143.5解码芯片SAA7113的初始化与控制.......................................................173.5.1SAA7113的基本原理与应用.........................................................173.5.2SAA7113的寄存器简要介绍.........................................................183.5.3SAA7113寄存器的配置方法.........................................................183.5.4对SAA7113初始化和控制............................................................19第4章仿真流程与结果........................................................................................194.1ModelSim介绍............................................................................................19长春理工大学本科毕业设计IV4.2仿真结果......................................................................................................21第5章结论..........................................................................................................23致谢.....................................................................