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EDA技术实现的数字电子钟设计摘要电子设计自动化ElectronicDesignAutomation（以下简称EDA）技术已经代替传统的集成电路设计方法，逐渐成为电子系统设计者的主要设计手段。MAXplusⅡ是EDA仿真软件之一。具有功能强大、界面友好和使用方便等特点，是目前教育与工业界流行的集成电路辅助设计软件。MAXplusⅡ是一种在电子技术工程与电子技术教学中广泛应用的优秀计算机仿真软件，被誉为“计算机里的电子实验室”。本文介绍了一种基于MAXplusⅡ软件设计数字电子钟的方法。关键词EDAMAXplusⅡ软件数字电子钟目录引言·································································································1第一章EDA概论·············································································21.1EDA技术概述············································································21.2EDA在数字电路课程设计中的必要性············································21.3MAXplusⅡ概述···················································································31.4设计电子钟的可行性分析····························································3第二章设计依据·············································································42.1设计总体方案·············································································42.2设计原理···················································································42.3设计目标和方法·········································································4第三章EDA电子钟系统设计···························································53.1电子钟的功能分析、总体规划·······················································53.1.1电子钟功能分析······························································53.1.2总体规划·········································································53.2使用MAXplusⅡ作为数字电子钟设计平台·················································53.2.1MAXplusⅡ软件仿真特点···························································53.2.2MAXplusⅡ介绍··········································································63.3单元电路设计与分析····································································63.3.1石英晶体振荡器·······························································63.3.2分频电路··········································································73.3.3秒、分计数电路·······························································83.3.4时计数电路······································································93.3.5校时电路·········································································103.3.6整点报时电路··································································103.3.7定时闹钟·········································································12第四章MAXplusⅡ电子钟仿真结果····························································154.1MAXplusⅡ电子钟基本功能仿真结果·······················································154.2MAXplusⅡ电子钟扩展功能仿真结果························································154.3MAXplusⅡ电子钟整体仿真结果······························································15结束语·······························································································17参考文献···························································································181引言随着计算机在国内的逐渐普及，计算机已经深入到每一个行业，计算机与每个工作领域紧密地联系在了一起。使用计算机可以大大提高工作效率。电子技术作为信息化社会的重要技术基石，已经成为20世纪下半叶乃至21世纪发展最迅速、最活跃、最具有渗透力的技术。实现信息化的网络及其关键部件不管是各种计算机还是通讯电子设备，它们的基础都是集成电路。集成电路技术发展至今，全世界数以万亿美元计的设备和科技投入，已使电子技术形成非常强大的产业能力。电子技术水平发展如此迅速，在于它具有极大的市场应用需求。科学技术发展到今天，衡量许多电子产品技术含量高低在很大程度上取决于电子技术的引入水平。然而，孤立地发展电子技术是没有出路的，它必须同各种生产实践相结合，以社会需求为动力。随着计算机新技术的发展以及电子系统设计新需求的上升，技术竞争需要的是对新器件应用的需求，集成电路专业设计人员需要的是贯穿电子设计过程始终的最小人工花销、最强的自动化设计手段。正是在这种强烈的技术要求推动下，产生了电子设计自动化EDA(ElectronicDesignAutomation)技术，EDA是新崛起的现代化电子设计手段。EDA技术的关键之一是EDA工具，EDA工具是指以计算机为工作平台，融合了应用电子技术、计算机技术、智能化技术最新成果而研制成的电子设计通用工具软件，本文就是介绍一种EDA工具——EWB软件设计数字电子钟。2第一章EDA概述1.1EDA技术概论电子产品随着技术的进步，更新换代速度可谓日新月异。不同行业层出不穷的技术需求，使得对配套电子系统或部件的功能、可靠性、集成度、成本、设计周期的要求日益提高。随着时间的推移，科学研究与技术开发行为日益市场化，而远非纯粹的学术行为，这要求设计工作必须在较短的时间内出色完成，技术人员感到工作压力越来越大。显然，采用传统的电子设计手段完成复杂电子系统设计显得越来越力不从心了，传统的电子设计与现实手段受到极大的挑战。如果在激烈的技术产品竞争中仍沿用老办法，很可能在激烈的竞争中处于被动落后的境地，例如，当设计比较复杂的电子系统时，要等到做完全部硬件试验才开始设计印制电路板，这样，设计周期必然会相应拉长，即使设计出印制电路板来，也很难保证它的电气连接全部正确、各个元器件参数合理以及完善的电磁兼容性能，如果需要设计实现的数字电路部份规模较大，仍习惯地利用中、小规模数字集成芯片实现，电路的集成度和可靠性在许多应用场合会受到很大限制，甚至根本无法满足需求。作为电路主体的器件，特别是集成电路器件功能越来越强大，集成度越来越高，传统设计方式已难以胜任。EDA即电子设计自动化，英文全称ElectronicDesignAutomation，EDA技术是以计算机为工作平台，以EDA软件工具为开发环境，以硬件描述语言为设计语言，以可编程器件为实验载体，以芯片为目标器件，以电子系统设计为应用方向的电子产品自动化设计过程。EDA技术满足了提高设计规模、质量和效益的需要。目前，电子产品开发领域的竞争十分激烈，其产品的市场周期越来越短，这意味着电子产品的设计开发周期必须大大缩短，没有高效率的设计手段是无法参与市场竞争的。EDA工具的优势体现在复杂电路系统的设计上，其设计效率远远高于人工设计，而且可按照事先规定的设计规则随时进行检查，及时提醒设计者出现的设计失误，设计质量得到保障，这自然会缩短周期、降低成本、提升竞争力，从而最大限度地提高经济效益。EDA技术是以计算机科学和微电子技术发展为先导，汇集了计算机图形学、拓扑逻辑学、微电子工艺与结构等多种学科的先进技术，它是在计算机工作平台产生的电子系统设计应用技术。EDA技术随着计算机、集成电路和电子系统设计的发展，经历了计算机辅助设计CAD、计算机辅助工程设计CAE和电子设计自动化EDA3个发展过程。EDA技术融合了应用电子技术、计算机技术、信息处理及智能化技术的最新成果，进行电子产品的自动设计。EDA软件在电子行业的应用也越来越广泛，但和发达国家相比，我国的电子设计水平仍然存在着相当大的差距，随着经济全球化，中国已走入WTO，随着加入WTO，电子行业将会受到较大的冲击。但我国许多从事电子设计工作的人员对EDA软件并不熟悉，因此需提高电子设计在电脑方面应用的水平。1.2EDA在数字电路课程设计中的必要性数字电路课程设计是数字电路设计型实验中的重要部分，它要求运用电子技术课程中有关的理论知识和实验方法，完成一些综合性较强的设计课题。由于目前在数字电路实验教学中，大部分院校仍然用中小规模的通用集成电路来实现设计功能，当设计的数字电子钟系统比较复杂，需要多个集成芯片和大量连线时，就增加了设计电路板的难度和故障调试难度，延长了设计周期，降低了学生的学习兴趣；同时，常用中小规模集成芯片的大量重复使用也大大增加了设计成本。因此，在数字电路课程设计中引入EDA技术，采用当前国际先进的设计方法和理念，改革传统的课程设计方法，已经成为一种趋势。在学校电子技术实验的课程教学中，最让实验老师感到头痛的有两个方面：一是由于电路的连接、电子元件的损坏或仪器毛病，为了查找这些问题，使得一个实验在相对短暂的时3间内难以完成；二是仪器坏了要修理，元件坏了要拆换，连接导线