计算机发展历史英文PPT The history of computer

TheHistoryofComputer——XXX（09级通信一班）•Nearly5,000yearsagotheabacusemergedinAsiaMinor.Theabacusmaybeconsideredthefirstcomputer.Thisdevicealloweditsuserstomakecomputationsusingasystemofslidingbeadsarrangedonarack.Earlyshopkeepersusedtheabacustokeepupwithtransactions.Theuseofpencilandpaperspread,theabacuslostitsimportance.•In1642,BlaisePascal,the18-year-oldsonofaFrenchtaxcollector,inventedwhathecalledanumericalwheelcalculatortohelphisfatherwithhisduties.In1694,aGermanmathematicianandphilosopherimprovedthePascalinebycreatingamachinethatcouldalsomultiply.•Itwasn'tuntil1820,however,thatmechanicalcalculatorsgainedwidespreaduse.AFrenchmaninventedamachinethatcouldperformthefourbasicmathematicfunctions.•TherealbeginningsofcomputersbeganwithanEnglishmathematicsprofessor.Hissteam-powered—Engineoutlinedthebasicelementsofamoderngeneralpurposecomputer.•In1889,anAmericaninventorcreatedamachinethatusedcardstostoredatainformationwhichwasfedintoamachineandcompiledtheresultsmechanically.Eachpunchonacardrepresentedonenumber,andcombinationsoftwopunchesrepresentedoneletter.Hebroughthispunchcardreaderintothebusinessworld,foundingTabulatingMachineCompanyin1896,latertobecomeInternationalBusinessMachines(IBM)in1924.WhenWorldWarIIbegan,thegovernmentssoughttodevelopcomputerstoaccomplishmenttheirpotentialstrategicimportance.Thisincreasedfundingforcomputerdevelopmentprojects……Thenext10inventionsarethemilestonesonthedevelopmentofcomputer……•1、TheElectronicNumericalIntegratorandComputer(ENIAC)2、TheSemi-AutomaticGroundEnvironment(SAGE)wasanautomatedcontrolsystemfortrackingandinterceptingenemybomberaircraft.3、In1960,NipponElectricCompanyinventedNEAC22034、In1964,IBMSystem/360wasborn…5、TheCDC6600wasbornin1964whichisconsideredthefirstsupercomputer6、ThePDP—8isgenerallyrecognizedasthemostimportantsmallcomputerofthe1960's.7、InterfaceMessageProcessor(IMP)8、Thefirstcommerciallyavailablepersonalcomputer——Kenbak-19、In1976,thefirstApplecomputerwasborn.10、Thefirsttrueportablecomputer——Osborne1