中医内科学试题

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A1型题1.感冒病证多发季节A.春夏B.夏秋C.秋冬D.冬春E.四季........................................................................答案:1.D2.“其在皮者,汗而发之”出自下列何书A.《仁斋直指方》B.《伤寒论》C.《诸病源候论》D.《丹溪心法》E.《素问》........................................................................答案:2.E3.导致感冒的主因是A.风邪B.寒邪C.暑邪D.燥邪E.湿邪........................................................................答案:3.A4.感冒的主要病机是A.肺失宣降B.肺气失宣C.卫表不和D.营卫不和E.肺卫不固........................................................................答案:4.C5.下列哪项不是时行感冒的特点A.为非时之气夹时行病毒伤人B.全身症状明显C.可化热入里,变生他病D.相互传染,呈流行性E.发病季节性强........................................................................答案:5.E6.下列哪一项不是鉴别风寒感冒与风热感冒的依据A.恶寒发热的孰轻孰重B.咽喉肿痛与否C.鼻塞流涕与否D.口渴与不渴E.舌苔黄与白,脉象浮数与浮紧........................................................................答案:6.C7.感冒的病程是A.1~3天B.3~5天C.3~7天D.7~10天E.长短不定........................................................................答案:7.C8.除下列哪项外均为感冒的特征A.恶寒发热B.鼻塞声重C.头身疼痛D.喷嚏流涕E.咳喘痰多........................................................................答案:8.E9.“五脏六腑皆令人咳,非独肺也。”此语出于A.《素问》B.《诸病源候论》C.《景岳全书》D.《医学三字经》E.《河间六书》........................................................................答案:9.A10.外感咳嗽属于A.邪实正虚B.邪实C.正虚D.邪实正不虚E.邪不实正虚........................................................................答案:10.B11.内伤咳嗽治宜A.祛邪B.扶正C.扶正补虚D.补虚E.标本同治........................................................................答案:11.E12.古书中有言:燥咳每成A.虚B.哮C.悸D.痨E.喘........................................................................答案:12.D13.外感咳嗽治宜A.扶正补虚B.扶正C.祛邪D.补虚E.标本同治........................................................................答案:13.C14.病人咳嗽发热,胸痛,咳时尤甚,吐痰腥臭,咳吐脓血,应诊断为A.咳嗽B.肺痨C.肺胀D.肺痈E.肺痿........................................................................答案:14.D15.首先提出哮喘之名的医家是A.华佗B.张仲景C.李东垣D.朱丹溪E.刘完素........................................................................答案:15.D16.哮证发作的主要因素是A.伏痰B.外感C.饮食D.情志E.劳倦........................................................................答案:16.A17.哮证的治疗原则是A.祛邪化痰B.扶正固本C.发时治标,平时治本D.补肾化痰E.化痰平喘........................................................................答案:17.C18.下列哪项对哮与喘鉴别诊断无意义A.有无宿根B.喉中有无水鸡声C.哮必兼喘D.喘未必兼哮E.呼吸急促........................................................................答案:18.E19.哮证发作的病理关键是A.宿痰内伏于肺B.外邪侵袭,触动伏痰C.痰气相击,气道被阻D.邪袭于肺,肺气不利E.肺脏虚弱,气失所主........................................................................答案:19.B20.哮证病性总属于A.邪实B.正虚C.邪实正虚D.邪不实正虚E.邪实正不虚........................................................................答案:20.C21.喘证的发病机制主要在A.肺B.肺脾C.肺肾D.脾肾E.肾........................................................................答案:21.C22.下列除哪一项外均为喘证的特征A.呼吸困难B.张口抬肩C.胸高胀满D.鼻翼煽动E.不能平卧........................................................................答案:22.C23.喘证辨证首应审其A.寒热B.表里C.虚实D.肺肾E.阴阳........................................................................答案:23.C24.虚喘之肺虚证治宜选用A.生脉散合补肺汤B.生脉散C.补肺汤D.玉屏风散E.金匮肾气丸........................................................................答案:24.A25.肺痈之成痈化脓的病理基础是A.热伤肺气B.热壅血瘀C.肉腐血败D.热毒留恋E.痰瘀痹阻........................................................................答案:25.B26.下列成痈期肺痈的主症中,哪一项是错误的A.胸部疼痛B.寒战壮热C.咳嗽气急D.咳吐脓血腥臭E.舌苔黄腻脉滑数........................................................................答案:26.D27.溃脓期的主症是A.咳吐白色黏痰B.咳吐黄绿浊痰C.咳吐腥臭脓血痰D.咳吐黄脓痰E.咳吐白色泡沫痰........................................................................答案:27.C28.肺痈成痈期的治法A.清肺解毒,化瘀消痈B.清肺散邪C.解毒排脓D.清热排脓E.疏风散热........................................................................答案:28.A29.我国现存的第一部治疗肺痨的专著是A.《理虚元鉴》B.《十药神书》C.《医学入门》D.《金匮要略》E.《外台秘要》........................................................................答案:29.B30.肺痨的治疗大法为A.滋阴B.益气C.养血D.温阳E.抗痨........................................................................答案:30.A31.肺痨的四大主症是A.咳嗽、胸痛、发热、汗出B.咳嗽、咯血、潮热、盗汗C.咳嗽、消瘦、低热、自汗D.咳嗽、神疲、心悸、盗汗E.干咳、气促、潮热、胸痛........................................................................答案:31.B32.肺痨病久,呈现消瘦,而色萎黄,腹泻纳减,治疗宜用A.培土生金法B.养阴益脾法C.补肾养阴法D.养阴润肺法E.滋阴降火法........................................................................答案:32.A33.干咳,或咳少量黏痰,有时痰中带血,胸部隐痛,午后手足心热,皮肤干灼,或有盗汗,舌质红苔薄,脉细数,其辨证为A.肺阴亏虚B.阴虚火旺C.气阴两虚D.阴阳两虚E.肺肾阴虚........................................................................答案:33.A34.咳嗽无力,气短声低,咳痰清稀色白,偶或带血,午后潮热,自汗盗汗,纳少神疲,便溏,面色晄白,颧红,舌质嫩红,边有牙印,苔薄,脉细弱而数,其辨证为A.肺阴亏虚B.阴虚火旺C.气阴两虚D.阴阳两虚E.肺肾阴虚........................................................................答案:34.C35.治疗虚火灼肺型肺痨应首选A.百合固金汤B.月华丸C.保真汤D.补肺汤E.知柏地黄丸........................................................................答案:35.A36.肺痨虚火灼肺,咳血较著者,在辨证方中宜加入A.当归、三七B.泽兰、红花C.黑山栀D.冬虫夏草、蛤蚧E.术蝴蝶、诃子........................................................................答案:36.C37.肺胀病名首见于A.《灵枢》B.《金匮要略》C.《诸病源候论》D.《丹溪心法》E.《证治汇补》........................................................................答案:37.A38.肺胀的辨证要点主要是A.辨气血B.辨寒热C.辨表里D.辨标本虚实,脏腑阴阳E.辨病情缓急........................................................................答案:38.D39.治疗痰热郁肺型肺胀的首选方剂是A.清金化痰汤B.越婢加半夏汤C.小青龙加石膏汤D.麻杏石甘荡E.定喘汤........................................................................答案:39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