高考英语阅读理解七选五解题指导及备考策略(一)

2016高考英语阅读理解（七选五）解题指导及备考策略(2-1)◆题型简析◆解题步骤◆备考策略内容节题量×小题分计分时间（分钟）第一部分听力第一节（听一遍）5×1.57.520第二节（听两遍）15×1.522.5第二部分阅读理解第一节（四选一）15×23035第二节（七选五）5×210第三部分语言知识运用第一节完形填空20×1.53030第二节语法填空10×1.515第四部分写作第一节短文改错10×11035第二节书面表达1×2525总计80+1150120摘自2015年全国卷《考试说明》★在一篇约300词的短文中留出5个空白，要求考生从所给的7个选项(均为完整的句子)中选出最佳选项，使补足后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯。试卷中题干表述如下：根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。★主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和篇章结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。★命题形式体现了《新课标》“用英语获取、处理和运用信息的能力；逐步获取用英语思维的能力。”的阅读学习和教学理念。题型简析【2015全国新课标I】BuildingTrustinaRelationshipAgainTrustisalearnedbehaviorthatwegainfrompastexperiences.36Trustisarisk.Butyoucan’tbesuccessfulwhenthere’salackoftrustinarelationshipthatresultsfromanactionwherethewrongdoertakesnoresponsibilitytofixthemistake.Unfortunately,we’veallbeenvictimsofbetrayal.Whetherwe’vebeensufferfrom,liedto,misled,orcheatedon,therearedifferentlevelsoflosingtrust.Sometimespeoplesimplycan’ttrustanymore.37It’sunderstandable,butifyou’rewillingtobuildtrustinarelationshipagain,wehavesomestepsyoucantaketogetyouthere.●38Havingconfidenceinyourselfwillhelpyoumakebetterchoicesbecauseyoucanseewhatthebestoutcomewouldbeforyourwell-being.●39Ifyou’vebeenbetrayed,youarethevictimofyourcircumstance.Butthere’sadifferencebetweenbeingavictimandlivingwitha“victimmentality”.Atsomepointinallofourlives,we’llhaveourtrusttestedorviolated.●Youdidn’tlose“everything”.Oncetrustislost,whatisleft?Insteadoflookingatthesituationfromthishopelessangle,lookateverythingyoustillhaveandbethankfulforallofthegoodinyourlife.40Instead,it’sahealthywaytoworkthroughtheexperiencetoallowroomforpositivegrowthandforgiveness.A.Learntoreallytrustyourself.B.Itisputtingconfidenceinsomeone.C.Stopregardingyourselfasthevictim.D.Rememberthatyoucanexpectthebestinreturn.E.They’vebeentoobadlyhurtandtheycan’tbeartoletithappenagain.F.Thisknowledgecarriesoverintheirattitudetowardtheirfuturerelationships.G.Seeingthepositivesideofthingsdoesn’tmeanyou’reignoringwhathappened.词数：267个（阅卷总词数为301个）体裁：议论文【Key：BEACG】本题侧重考查考生以下两方面的能力：（1）对上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握：Trustisalearnedbehaviorthatwegainfrompastexperiences.36Trustisarisk.Butyoucan’tbesuccessfulwhenthere’salackoftrustinarelationshipthatresultsfromanactionwherethewrongdoertakesnoresponsibilitytofixthemistake.根据行文逻辑，第36题应选择B项（Itisputtingconfidenceinsomeone.）。首先，it指代前文的trust；其次，选B项来说明后文的信息“Trustisarisk.”（信任是一种风险。）Unfortunately,we’veallbeenvictimsofbetrayal.Whetherwe’vebeensufferfrom,liedto,misled,orcheatedon,therearedifferentlevelsoflosingtrust.Sometimespeoplesimplycan’ttrustanymore.37It’sunderstandable,butifyou’rewillingtobuildtrustinarelationshipagain,wehavesomestepsyoucantaketogetyouthere.由第2段的信息“Unfortunately,we’veallbeenvictimsofbetrayal.…Sometimespeoplesimplycan’ttrustanymore.”推知，第37题应选择E项（They’vebeentoobadlyhurtandtheycan’tbeartoletithappenagain.），来说明人们因他人的背叛而严重受伤，同时进一步说明了“信任是一种风险。”另外，选E项还有一个依据：“happenagain”与后文的线索词“buildtrustagain”相对应。Youdidn’tlose“everything”.Oncetrustislost,whatisleft?Insteadoflookingatthesituationfromthishopelessangle,lookateverythingyoustillhaveandbethankfulforallofthegoodinyourlife.40Instead,it’sahealthywaytoworkthroughtheexperiencetoallowroomforpositivegrowthandforgiveness.由第5段的信息“Instead,it’sahealthywaytoworkthroughtheexperiencetoallowroomforpositivegrowthandforgiveness.”推知，第40题应选择G项（Seeingthepositivesideofthingsdoesn’tmeanyou’reignoringwhathappened.），来说明“以积极的态度看待事物并不意味着你忽略了曾经发生过什么。相反，这么做是一种积极成长的健康的方式。”温馨提醒：此处（第40题）如果填入D项（Rememberthatyoucanexpectthebestinreturn.）虽然与“积极的态度”有关，但不符后文的逻辑（Instead…）。（2）对文章的整体内容和篇章结构的理解和掌握：38Havingconfidenceinyourselfwillhelpyoumakebetterchoicesbecauseyoucanseewhatthebestoutcomewouldbeforyourwell-being.39Ifyou’vebeenbetrayed,youarethevictimofyourcircumstance.Butthere’sadifferencebetweenbeingavictimandlivingwitha“victimmentality”.Atsomepointinallofourlives,we’llhaveourtrusttestedorviolated.由第2段最后一句的信息“…wehavesomestepsyoucantaketogetyouthere.”得知，第3、4段的首句，即第38、39题分别应选择A、C项（Learntoreallytrustyourself./Stopregardingyourselfasthevictim.），与第5段的首句（Youdidn’tlose“everything”.）一起构成“重建人际关系中的信任的几个步骤（somesteps）”。当然，A和C项在文章中都分别有相对应的线索词“Havingconfidenceinyourself”和“thevictimof”给予支撑。温馨提醒：根据空格的位置，结合“Thisknowledge”指代的用法，F项（Thisknowledgecarriesoverintheirattitudetowardtheirfuturerelationships.）有可能被填入第36、37和40题，但根据行文逻辑，第36和40题所指代的人称应分别是we和you，而不是they(their)；而对于第37题，虽然可以用their指代前文的people，但没有说明清楚为什么can’ttrustanymore，而E项（They’vebeentoobadlyhurtandtheycan’tbeartoletithappenagain.）则明确说明了原因：受伤太深。此外，E项中的“happenagain”与后文的线索词“buildtrustagain”相对应。这样，本题的多余选项是D和F项。Trustisalearnedbehaviorthatwegainfrompastexperiences.36Trustisarisk……Sometimespeoplesimplycan’ttrustanymore.37It’sunderstandable,butifyou’rewillingtobuildtrustinarelationshipagain……Insteadoflookingatthesituationfromthishopelessangle,lookateverythingyoustillhaveandbethankfulforallofthegoodinyourlife.40Instead,it’sahealthywaytoworkthroughtheexperiencetoallowroomforpositivegrowthandforgiveness.一、浏览全文，把握文脉这类文章通常分为若干小段落，各段落会根据整体文章写作主题展开，对文章主体进行不同方面的描述。因此，解题时，应在有限的时间内，通读全文，对文章进行快速浏览，抓住文章结构及文章的写作内容；找出每段写作内容的关键词；明确各段的主题句或主旨大意。这样，为整体试题的解决做好铺垫。解题步骤本段基本上起到统领全篇的作用。第71题设在本段的结尾，接下来几段的段首是以祈使句的形式开始（G