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现在完成时专题1.用法：①过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调结果。标志性的词语有just,already,before,yet,never,ever,recently（最近），...例：Ihavefinishedmyhomeworkalready.②过去已经开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。标志性的词语for、since，sofar（句中谓语动词要用延续性动词）例：Ihavelivedheresince1990.2.现在完成时的构成主语+have\has+过去分词+其它3.现在完成时的四个基本句型4.在下列情形下用现在完成时（1）九词语①already已经肯定句中或句尾例:Ihavealreadyfoundmypen.=Ihavefoundmypenalready.②yet否定句中意为“还”，疑问句句尾意为“已经”例：Ihavenotfinishedtheworkyet.Haveyoureadthebookyet?③ever曾经例：Haveyoueverseenpandas?④never从不例：IhaveneverbeentoBeijing.⑤just刚刚例：Ihavejustdonemywork.⑥before以前例：Ihaveneverbeentherebefore.⑦sofar到目前为止例：Sofarhehaslearnt200words.⑧howlong多久例：Howlonghaveyoulivedhere?⑨howmanytimes多少次例：HowmanytimeshashebeentoBeijing?（2）三词组havehasgoneto去了某地，没有回来例：HehasgonetoBeijing(去了北京.未回)havehasbeento去过某地，已经回来例：HehasbeentoBeijing.(去过北京，已经回来)have/hasbeenin+地点表示呆在某地、某个团体、机构（常与for和since连用）HehasbeeninBeijingfor20years.他呆在北京已经20年了.（3）两结构for+时间段例如：fortwomonthsJimhaslivedherefor2months.since+过去时间点例如：sincelastyear，since1990Ihavelivedheresincelastyear.since+时间段+ago例如：since3yearsagoLucyhasbeeninBeijingsince3yearsago.since+过去时态句子例如：sincehecamehereHehasbeeninChinasincehecamehere.5.在现在完成时中，短暂性性动词不能和一段时间状语连用.例：Hehasboughtthebookfor3years.（错）因buy这个短暂性性动词不能和一段时间for3years连用。6.还有其他短暂性性动词也是这种情况。例如下：①come/arrive/getto/reach→behere例：Ihavecomeherefor3years.（错）改为：Ihavebeenherefor3years.②leave/go→beaway例：Hehasleftfor3hours.（错）改为：Hehasbeenawayfor3hours.③begin/start→beon例：Thefilmhasbegunfor3minutes.（错）改为Thefilmhasbeenonfor3minutes.④open→beopen/close→beclosed例：Theshophasopenedfor3years.(错)改为Theshophasbeenopenfor3years.⑤die→bedead例：Hisfatherhasdiedfor3years.(错)改为：Hisfatherhasbeendeadfor3years.⑥finish/end→beover例：Hehasfinishedtheworkfor3days.(错)改为Theworkhasbeenoverfor3days⑦join–bein/beamemberof+团体Ihavejoinedthearmyfor3years.（错）改为：Ihavebeeninthearmyfor3years.或Ihavebeenasoldierfor3years.⑧buy/catch→have例：Ihaveboughtthebikefor3years.（错）改为：Ihavehadthebikefor3years.例：Hehascaughtacoldfor3days.（错）改为：Hehashadacoldfor3days.⑨borrow→keep例：Ihaveborrowedthebookfor3years.（错）改为Ihavekeptthebookfor3years.还有其它的归纳如下：break→bebrokengetup→beupmarry→bemarried肯定句：Hehasfinishedthework.否定句：Hehasnotfinishedthework.特殊疑问句：Whathashedone？一般疑问句：Hashefinishedthework?两回答：Yes,hehas.No,hehasn’t.现在完成时练习()1.HarryPotterisaverynicefilm.I_______ittwice.A.seeB.sawC.hasseenD.haveseen()2.---Doessheoftengettoschool?---Yes,quiteoften.A.takeaB.byfootC.byataxiD.inherfather'scar()3.—ThesefarmershavebeentotheUnitedStates.—Really?When_____there?Ａ.willtheygoＢ.didtheygoＣ.dotheygoＤ.havetheygone()4.—____you___yourhomeworkyet?—Yes.I____itamomentago.ＡDid;do;finishedＢHavedone;finishedＣ.Have,done;havefinishedＤwill,do;finish()5.Hisfather______thePartysince1978.Ａ.joinedＢ.hasjoinedＣ.wasinＤ.hasbeenin()6.—Doyouknowhimwell?—Sure.We____friendssincetenyearsago.Ａ.wereＢ.havebeenＣ.havebecomeＤ.havemade()7.-Howlonghaveyou___here?—Abouttwomonths.ＡbeenＢgoneＣcomeＤarrived()8.Hurryup!Theplay__________fortenminutes.Ａ.hasbegunＢ.hadbegunＣ.hasbeenonＤ.began()9.IalotbutIdon'tplayveryoftennow.A.usetoplaytennisB.wasusedtoplaytennisC.amusedtoplaytennisD.usedtoplaytennis()10.MissGreenisn'tintheoffice.She_______tothelibrary.Ａ.hasgoneＢ.wentＣ.willgoＤ.hasbeen()11.Hisgrandparentsliveinasmallhouse,buttheydon'tfeel.A.lonely;aloneB.alone;lonelyC.lonely;lonelyD.alone;alone()12.—YouspeakFrenchverywell,GaoMing.—Thanks.I_______FrenchinShanxiUniversityforfouryears.A.hadstudiedB.studyC.wasstudyingD.havestudied()13.---Whenyoutolearntoskate?---Fiveyearsago.A.do;startB.do;startedC.did;startedD.did;start()14.It_______tenyearssincewelasttimeinBeijing.A.was;metB.hasbeen;metC.was;meetD.is;met()15.—_______youever_______Chinesemooncakes,Jenny?—No,never.ButIhavehadnoodles.A.Do;tryB.Will;tryC.Did;tryD.Have;tried()16.I_______MrsGuforalongtime.A.willseeB.won’tseeC.sawD.haven’tseen()17.—Badluck!It’stoolate!—Don’tworry.Themovie______foronlyafewminutes.A.hasbegunB.beganC.hasbeenonD.begins()18.Wehavebeenfriends.A.lastyearB.oneyearagoC.sincewemetlastyearD.whenwemetlastyear()19.—IsHenryanewmemberinyourartclub?—No.He_____ourclubfortwoyears.A.joinsB.hasjoinedC.wasinD.hasbeenin()20.Lucyisgladtoshareherown(自己的)thingsothers.A.toB.withC.onD.and