比较级的语法讲解一、比较级的含义及用法(一)形容词比较级主要是对物品的大小,长短,高矮,胖瘦,年龄进行比较,涉及的词汇是形容词。在具体应用时要注意的是以下几个方面的内容:1、有比较才有比较级。如:Iamtallerthanhim.2、比较结果一样用原级。如:Iamastallashim.3、比较两人的东西,选择的人称应用名词性物主代词。如:Whosebagisheavier,yoursormine?4、比较出比别人多多少或高多少等类似的问题时,要把多多少放在形容词比较级前面。如:Iam5cmtallerthanyou.5、对含有形容词比较级的一般疑问句的回答,要注意be动词的用法。如:Whoseapplesareheavier,yoursormine?Mineare.(二)副词比较级在第二单元中,主要是对动作的程度进行比较,涉及的词汇是副词。在具体的应用中也要注意以下几个方面的内容:1、对动作的程度比较时,所用的时间状态一般为一般现在时。以现在的时间为基准。2、注意其一般现在时第三人称单数形式。3、像这样的问句:Whorunsfaster,JimorTom?其回答不能受第一单元的影响而答出Jimis,而应该是Jimdoes.另外,在第二单元中的begoodat和dowellin的后面都应加名词或动名词,都应该是项目名称,如:Theyaregoodatsinging.并且,begoodat和dowellin也有比较级,如:NancyisbetteratPEthanme.二、比较级的构成形容词比较级和副词比较级的构成方法基本一致:1.、一般情况下,在单词的词尾直接加-er。如:tall-tallersmall-smallerhigh-higherfast-faster2、以字母e结尾的单词加-r。如:nice-nicerlate-later3、重读闭音节词,应双写辅音字母,再加-er。如:hot-hotterred-redderbig-biggerthin-thinnerfat-fatter4、“辅音字母+y”结尾的词,先把y改为i,再加-er。如:heavy-heavierbusy-busierhappy-happier5、大多数较长的多音节形容词在前面加more。如:carefully-morecarefullydifficult-moredifficult6、还有一些形容词的比较级的变化是不规则的,这些词就要同学们好好记一记了,如:good/well-betterbad-worsemany/much-more三、比较级的运用(一)形容词比较级的句式结构句子中一定不能缺少be动词!!!1、陈述句Aam/is/are形容词比较级thanB.例如:Iamolderthanmycousin.Youaretallerthanme.JackisoneyearyoungerthanJim.SuHai’shairislongerthanLiuTao’s.2、一般疑问句Am/Is/AreA形容词比较级thanB?例如:Areyoutallerthanme?IsJackoneyearyoungerthanJim?IsSuHai’shairlongerthanLiuTao’s?3、特殊疑问句Whois/are形容词比较级thanB?Whois/are形容词比较级,AorB?Whose名词is/are形容词比较级thanB’s/名词性物主代词?Whose名词is/are形容词比较级,A’sorB’s?例如:Whoistallerthanyou?Whoistaller,youorme?WhosehairislongerthanLiuTao’s?Whosehairislonger,SuHai’sorLiuTao’s?(二)副词比较级的句式结构句子中一定不能出现be动词!!!1、陈述句A动词(s)副词比较级thanB.例如:Irunfasterthanmycousin.SuHai’skiteflieslowerthanLiuTao’s.Theboysjumphigherthanthegirls.2、一般疑问句Do/DoesA动词原形副词比较级thanB?例如:Doyourunfasterthanyourcousin?DoesSuHai’skiteflylowerthanLiuTao’s?Dotheboysjumphigherthanthegirls?3、特殊疑问句Who动词s副词比较级thanB?Who动词s副词比较级,AorB?Whose名词动词s副词比较级thanB’s/名词性物主代词?Whose名词动词s副词比较级,A’sorB’s?例如:Whorunsfasterthanyourcousin?(Ido./Irunfaster.)Whorunsfaster,youoryourcousin?(Ido./Irunfaster.)WhosekiteflieslowerthanLiuTao’s?(SuHai’sdoes./SuHai’skiteflieslower.)Whosekiteflieslower,SuHai’sorLiuTao’s?(SuHai’sdoes./SuHai’skiteflieslower.)练习:一、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级old__________young________tall_______long________short________strong________big________small_______fat_________thin__________heavy______light________nice_________good_________beautiful__________________low__________high_________slow_______fast________late__________early_________far_________well_______二、根据句意填入单词的正确形式:1.Mybrotheristwoyears__________(old)thanme.2.Tomisas________(fat)asJim.3.Isyoursister__________(young)thanyou?Yes,sheis.4.Whois___________(thin),youorHelen?Helenis.5.Whosepencil-boxis__________(big),yoursorhers?Hersis.6.Mary’shairisas__________(long)asLucy’s.7.Ben______(jump)________(high)thansomeoftheboysinhisclass.8.________Nancysing__________(well)thanHelen?Yes,she_____.9.Fangfangisnotas_________(tall)astheothergirls.10.Myeyesare__________(big)than________(she)..11.Whichis___________(heavy),theelephantorthepig?12.Whogetsup_________(early),TimorTom?13._____thegirlsgetup_______(early)thantheboys?No,they______.14.Jimruns_____(slow).ButBenruns_____(slow).15.Thechilddoesn’t______(write)as____(fast)asthestudents.