专业八级-310

专业八级-310(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、LANGUAGEUSAGE(总题数：4，分数：100.00)AlongtimeaidetoPresidentBushwhowroteoccasionalguestcolumnsforhishometownnewspaperresignedonFridayeveningafteradmittedthathehadrepeatedlyplagiarizedfromotherwriters.1TheWhiteHousecalledhisactionsunaccepted.Theaide,Tim2Goeglein,workedforMr.Bushsince2001,asaliaisontosocial3andreligiousconservatives,animportantcomponentofthepresidentspoliticalbase.Mr.Goegleinwasinfluentialindecisionsonarangeofquestionimportanttothatconstituency,includingstem4cellresearch,abortionandfaith-basedinitiatives.AbloggerinMr.Goegleinshometown,FortWayne,Ind.,foundtheplagiarism.Thisisnotacceptable,andwearebeingdisappointedinTims5actions,aWhiteHousespokeswoman,EmilyLawrimore,saidFridaymorning,hoursbeforeMr.Goegleinresigned.Heisofferednoexcuses,andheagreesitwaswrong.Mr.Goeglein,644,issmallknownoutsideWashington.Heisafamiliarfigureto7conservativesandevangelicalChristians,whoknewhimasaspokesmanforGaryL.Bauer,theconservativewhoranaspresident8in2000.WhenMr.Bauerdroppedouttherace,Mr.Goeglein9signedonwithMr.Bush,eventuallybecomingatopaidetoKarlRove,thechiefpoliticalstrategist.HewastheeyesandearsoftheWhiteHouseintheworldofreligionconservativesandanemissary10tothatworldforMr.Roveandthepresident.（分数：25.00）解析：admitted—admitting[解析]非谓语动词误用。after在本句中是介词，因此后面应该接动名词，而不是过去分词。解析：unaccepted—unacceptable[解析]词义混淆。此处call的补语应该是形容词，而不能是过去分词，因此把unaccepted改为unacceptable。本句的意思是“白宫称他的行为让人无法接受”。解析：∧worked—had[解析]时态错误。本句说“自2001年以来他一直为布什总统工作”，有明显的表示时间的词since，因此应该使用过去完成时。解析：question—questions[解析]名词单复数错误。arangeof表示“一系列的”，后面的名词应该用复数形式。解析：being—[解析]分词冗余。disappointed是形容词，前面有一个系动词are就足够了，不用加being，因此去掉。解析：offered—offering[解析]语态错误。此处He和offer之间是主谓关系，意思是“他没有提供任何解释”，因此应该使用主动语态。解析：small—little[解析]近义词混淆。small不能修饰known，因为它是形容词，此处应该使用可以用作副词的little。解析：as—for[解析]介词误用。runforpresident表示“竞选总统”。解析：out∧—of[解析]介词缺失。dropoutof是固定搭配，表示“退出”或者“被淘汰出局”。解析：religion—religious∧[解析]词性混用。conservatives是名词，前面应该是形容词，所以religion应该改为religious。InthehousewhereIgrewup,itwasourcustomtoleavetheonthelatchatnight.Noonecarriedkeys.Todaydoorsdonotstayunlocked,thusforpartofanevening.11Theeraofleavingthefrontdooropenhasgoneforever.Ithasbeenreplacedofbylocks,securitychains,electronicalarmsystemsand12tripwireshookeduptoapolicestationorprivateguardfirm.Manysuburbanfamiliesevenhaveslidingglassdoorsontheirpatios,withsteelbarselegantlybuildinginsonoonecanprythedoorsopen.13Arecentpublic-serviceadvertisementbyaninsurancecompanyfeaturednotactuarialchartsorapictureofachildsbicyclewith14padlockattachedtoit.Itistheinsurancecompanieswhichpayforstolengoods,but15whoisgoingtopayforthatthenewatmosphereofdistrustandfearis16doingtoourwayoflife?Whoisgoingtomakethepsychological17paymentforthetransformationofAmericafromtheLandofFreetotheLandoftheLock?Forsomereasonwearesatisfiedwhenwethinkwearewell-protected;itdoesnotoccurustoaskourselves:Whyarewehaving18tobarricadeourselvesforourneighborsandfellowcitizens,and19when,exactly,didthisstarttotakeoverourlives?Evenadecadeago,mostprivatebusinesseshadapolicyoffreeaccess.Thus,todayyouhavetocarrysomekindofaccesscard20toyourcompany.Maybethesecurityguardatthefrontdeskknowsyourfaceandwillwaveyouinmostdays,butthefactremainsthatthebusinessyourworkforfeelsthreatenedenoughtokeepoutsidersawayviathesekeys.（分数：25.00）解析：thus—even[解析]衔接副词误用。本句要表达的意思是“今天所有的门都是上锁的，甚至是傍晚的一段时间也要锁上。”可见二者是让步关系，不是因果关系。解析：of—[解析]介词冗余。bereplacedby是固定搭配，意为“被……代替”，of多余，应去掉。解析：building—built[解析]非谓语动词误用。build修饰的是steelbars，二者是逻辑动宾关系，因此应该使用过去分词表示被动。解析：or—but[解析]连词误用。这句话说“某保险公司的广告不再是一些保险精算的报表，而是一幅挂着大锁的儿童自行车的图片。”这里使用的是not...but结构，表示“不是……而是……”。因此不能使用or。解析：which—that[解析]强调句连词误用。本句是itis...that强调句型，强调的是主语theinsurancecompanies，因此引导词是that，不能使用which。解析：that—what[解析]连词误用。payfor后面是宾语从句，从句thenewatmosphereofdistrustandfearisdoingtoourwayoflife中没有宾语，因此需要引导词来充当，此时只有what具有这个功能，不能使用that。解析：psychological—psychic[解析]词义混淆。psychological表示“心理的”，而psychic表示“精神的”，这里是说“谁为我们的精神损失买单”，因此使用psychic更合适。解析：occur∧—to[解析]介词缺失。occur是不及物动词，它的用法是itoccurstosb.表示“让某人突然想到……”。解析：for—against[解析]介词误用。barricade表示“设置障碍”，与against搭配使用表示“对……设置障碍”。解析：Thus—However[解析]衔接副词误用。前一句说“就在十年前，大部分私人公司都是允许自由出入的”，下句说“今天你要去公司，必须携带一个通行证”。由此可见，二者是强烈的转折关系，因此使用However。Miserymaylovecompany,butthiswasridiculous.MorethanamillionIBMstockholderslastweektookanightmarerideonastocktheyhadlongtrusted.IBMhadbeenslidingallyearrecent21hitting10-yearlows,butafterthecompanyannouncedlastTuesdaythatitwould,amongotherthings,slashanother25,000jobs,thestocktookahistoricrise.In48hours,itlost11points,oralmost2218percentofitsvalue,closingWednesdayat51.OnFridayithitothernewlow.BigBoardofficialscampedoutontheexchangefloor23topreventchaotic,landbrokersfieldedfranticcallsfrominvestors24invariousstagesofdisbeliefandagony.Theyrescreamingandhollering,saidCarolKomskisofYorkSecurities.Theyaresaying,ThingslikethisjustdonthappeninAmerica.Stockpricesthatriseandfallareanythingnew;thatswhat25makesamarket.ButBigBluehadalwaysepitomizedtheblue-chipstockonthatAmericanscouldcounttosendthekidstocollegeor26helpretireinthestyle.Someinvestorsmaybeinblissful27ignorant;pensionfundsacrossthecountr