状语从句课件

睢宁高级中学北校RevisionoftheAdverbialClauses状语从句复习定义：在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句，来说明一件事情发生的时间,地点,原因,条件,结果等.它可以用来修饰谓语（包括非谓语动词）、定语或状语，或是整个句子。1、各种从属连词的含义及用法比较；2、nomatterwh-与wh-ever引导的从句的区别；3、状语从句的时态问题；4、状语从句倒装及问题；5、状语从句与其它从句的区别。考点难点1、时间状语从句2、地点状语从句3、原因状语从句4、目的状语从句5、结果状语从句6、条件状语从句7、方式状语从句8、让步状语从句9、比较状语从句1.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.()2.Nowthat/Sinceeverybodyishere,let’sbeginourmeeting.()3.Socleverwasheastudentthathewasabletoworkoutallthedifficultproblems.()4.Aslongasyoudon’tloseheart,you’llsucceed.()5.Tryashemight,hecouldnotfindajob.()6.Theoldladytreatstheboyasifhewerehisownson.()地点原因结果条件让步方式一时间状语从句连接词while,when,as,whenever,before,after,since,till,until,once,assoonas,nosooner…than,hardly/scarcely/barely…when,themoment,thesecond,theinstant,everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thefirst/lasttime,bythetimedirectly,immediately,instantly等.1“一……就……”1.AssoonasIarriveinShanghai,I’llwritetoyou.2.upon/on+arriving3.Immediately+句子4.The+时间名词(minute/moment……)+句子5.hardly…when6nosooner…thaneg:Hardly/NosoonerhadIgothomewhen/thanitbegantorain.2.when/wheneverWhenIcameintotheroom,hewaswritingaletter.当我进屋时，他正在写信。Weshallgotherewheneverwearefree.我们什么时间有空，我们就去那里。3.when/while/asWhen既可指某一点时间,也可指一段时间;Whenhereturned,hiswifewascooking.while指“在某一段时间里”，“在…期间”，引导的动作必须是持续性的;Whilehewasreading,hiswifewascooking.as强调主句和从句的动作同时发生。,翻译成”一边……一边……”Ashewasreading,hewaslisteningtotheradio.注意:when/while都可以做并列连词,连接并列句,when表示“就在这时”和“wasdoing”,“hadjustdone”和“wasabouttodo”连用;while则表示对比“然而”或者“即使”Hewasabouttotellmethesecretwhensomeonepattedhimontheshoulder.Iwaswalkinginthestreetwhensuddenlysomeonepattedmeontheshoulderfrombehind.WhileIadmitthatheisnotperfect,Idolikehim.Myfatherwascookingwhilemymotherwasplayingcards.4.连接词before\since的小结：一、含义1．Wehadsailedfourdaysandfournightsbeforewesawland.2．Wehadn’trunamilebeforehefelttired.3．Pleasewriteitdownbeforeyouforgetit.4．BeforeIcouldgetinaword,hehadgone.“……才”“不到……就”“趁……”“还没来得及”二．Before从句中谓语不用否定式。如：Beforetheyreachedthestation,thetrainhadgone.三．1）句型Itwillbe/was＋段时间＋before…“过多久才……”如：Itwillbetwoyearsbeforeheleavesthecountry.2）句型Itwillbe/wasnot＋一段时间＋before…“没多久就……”如：Itwasn’ttwoyearsbeforeheleftthecountry.3）句型Itis＋段时间＋since…时间的计算一律从since从句的动作完成或状态结束时算起。如：Itisthreeyearssinceshewasinthearmy.Itisthreeyearssinceshejoinedthearmy.延续性动词:反过来翻译短暂性动词:直译5till/untilWewaitedtill(until)hecameback.我们一直等到他回来。Shedidn’tstopworkinguntileleveno’clock.她到11点钟才停止工作。如主句动词是延续性动作，常用肯定式，表示“直到…为止”;如主句动词是瞬间动词，常用否定式，表示“直到…才”Notuntil句型与强调句型结合Ididn’tgotosleepuntilhecameback.与倒装句式结合ItwasnotuntilhecamebackthatIwenttosleep.NotuntilhecamebackdidIgotosleep.二地点状语从句(where,everywhere,anywhere)Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.有志者，事竟成。Youarefreetogowhereveryoulike.你可以随意到你喜欢的任何地方去。where与wherever意义基本相同，但后者语气较强，多用于书面语。Anywherehetraveled,hewasimpressedbythefriendlinessofthepeople.地点状语从句的常用句型1，Where+地点从句，there+主句此句型常译成：“哪里---哪里就---”；Wherethereisoppression，thereisrevolt。2，Anywhere或wherever+地点从句，主句。WhereverIam,Iwillbethinkingofyou.Where到底引导的是地点状语从句还是定语从句？1.TheWinterOlympicGamesarealwaysheldwherethereisplentyofsnow.()2.TheWinterOlympicGamesarealwaysheldinthecountrieswherethereisplentyofsnow.()地点状语从句定语从句三原因状语从句语气（强到弱)意义用法词性位置because因为强调未知原因1.回答why,2.强调句中3.与not连用4.only,simply,just5后不可再用so从属连词前,后since\nowthat既然表示已知、显然的从属连词常前as由于表示已知、显然的从属连词前,后for因为解释说明，常用于推断并列连词后其他连接词还有considering(that)考虑到；seeingthat鉴于；由于；考虑到inthat原因是/因为Ilikethecity,butIlikethecountrybetter___________Ihavemorefriendsinthecountry.inthat四条件状语从句连接词：If(如果),unless(除非)(if---not),aslongas,solongas,onconditionthat,(只要)suppose/supposing(that),provided/providing(that),(假如)onlyif(只要),incase(万一),given(考虑到…；鉴于)注意点：1.分清真实条件句和非真实条件句，非真实条件句中要用虚拟语气IfIwereyou,Iwouldaskthepoliceforhelp.2.条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来时在条件状语从句和结果状语从句中,表示与事实相反的条件和结果。If从句主句与现在事实不符与过去事实不符与将来事实不符过去时didbe动词用were过去完成时haddone过去时did/shoulddo/weretodowould/should/could/might+dowould/should/could/might+havedonewould/should/could/might+do(五)结果状语从句sothat,so…that,such…that(六)目的状语从句sothat,that,inorderthat,lest(以免),incase(that)和forfearthat(以防)区分sothat引导的是目的状语从句（有might,may,can,could,should等情态动词）还是结果状语从句e.g.1)Speakclearlysothattheymayunderstandyou.()2)Hegotonthetrainlatesothathefoundalltheseatsoccupied.()eg.1Takemoreclothesincasetheweatheriscold.2Hedidn’tanswerbacklesthismothershouldbeangrywithhim目的状语从句结果状语从句(七)方式状语从句可用虚拟asif,asthough,(好象.仿佛)as(像,犹如,正如…,theway…）(just)as…so正如…；AistoBwhatXistoY.(A之于B正如X之于Y.)1．Itlooks_______itisgoingtorain.2.Thechildtalks_________hewereaman.3.Iwantyoutotellthemyourexperienceexactlyasyouhavetoldittome.4.theway(that/inwhich)…e.g.Payattentiontoyourtablemanners.Idon’tlikethewayyoueatsoup.asifasif5.e.g.Wateristofishwhatairistomen.八让步状语从句though,although,as,while,evenif,eventhough,wh-ever,nomatter+wh-,whether…or…（不管/不论…还是）,inspiteof/despiteTheywentoutinspiteoftherain.1.Whetherthelanguageislearnedquicklyorslowly,itishardwork.2.Howeverhardyouwork,youwillneversurpasshim.1.though,although,as和while引导的让步状语从句注意点1)．不能用but，但可以用still,yet,nevertheless2).though能与even连用，但although不可以3)Though引导的让步状语从句可顺装也可倒装Although只可以顺装as只能倒装e.g.Cleverthough/asheis,hecan