现在完成时与过去完成时的区别Thepresentperfecttense&ThepastperfecttenseIhavefinishedmyhomework.Ihadfinishedmyhomeworkby10:00thismorning.概念现在完成时1.表示过去发生的对现在有影响的动作;Ihaveseenthefilmmanytimes.2.表示过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作。Hehaslivedheresince1949.过去完成时表示过去某一时刻以前已经开始并一直延续到这一时刻或在此刻前已经完成的动作,即“过去的过去”Bytheendoflasttermwehadlearned1000Englishwords.形式现在完成时have/has+动词的过去分词主语为三人称单数,则用“has+过去分词”Shehaswaitedhereforanhour.主语为非单三,则用“have+过去分词”Ihavewaitedhereforanhour.过去完成时had+过去分词had可用于各种人称和数Bytheendofthistermwehadlearned1000Englishwords.1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果(强调是过去动作与现在的联系,也就是强调现在的影响和结果)通常与表示与包括现在在内的时间副词just,already,before,yet,never,ever等状语连用eg.Ihaveneverheardofthatbefore.Shehasalreadyknownthenews.2.表示过去某个时间开始的动作或存在的状态,一直持续到现在并可能还将持续下去。动词使用延续性动词常与for或since引导的时间连用sofar,bynow,thisdays,inthelasttenyears…for+一段时间eg.Hehaslivedherefor5years.since+(表示过去某一时间的)时间点eg.Hehasbeenheresince5yearsago.•短暂性的动词不能和for,since连用become,begin,buy,borrow,arrive,come,know,join,leave,go,finish,fall,die…eg.Thefilmbeganfiveminutesago.------Thefilmhasbeenonforfiveminutes.------Ithasbeenfiveminutessincethefilmbegan.用howlong提问eg.Howlonghasthefilmbegan?过去完成时的用法1.表示在过去某一时间以前完成的动作或事件。是一个相对的时态,强调在某一时间点或动作之前发生的动作。需要与表示过去的时间状语,不能离开过去的时间而独立存在。此时多与already,yet,still,just,before,ever,by,until等连用eg.Hehadreadthetextbeforehecametoschool.Ihadfinishedreadingthebookby10:00lastnight.2.表示某一动作或状态在过去某时之前已经开始,一直延续到这一过去时间,并可能还将持续下去。eg.Bytheendoflastyear,hehadworkinthefactoryfor10years.过去完成时通常连用的时间状语:bybytheendof+过去的时间点beforeeg.Hehadreadthetextbeforehecametoschool.Bytheendoflastyear,hehadworkinthefactoryfor10years.Theyhadplanted100treesbeforelastSunday.表示意向的动词如hope,wish,except,think,intend,mean,suppose等用过去完成时表示原本想做但并未完成的动作eg.Ihadhopedthatyouwouldcometomyparty.练习1.Ihavethisnicewatchfortwoyears(A)had(B)bought(C)borrowed(D)lend2.ThetrainfromBeijing___tenminutesago.(A)hasarrived(B)wasarriving(C)arrived(D)hadarrived3.Thefamouswriter___onenewbookinthepasttwoyears.(A)hadwritten(B)waswriting(C)wrote(D)haswritten4.I___900EnglishwordsbythetimeIwasten.(A)learned(B)waslearning(C)hadlearned(D)learnt