高中英语动词时态语态复习讲解1、一般现在时主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点;表示经常或习惯性的动作,句子中常有often,always,fromtimetotime等时间状语;表示客观规律和永恒真理等。Heusuallygoestoworkat7o’clockeverymorning.Theearthgoesaroundthesun.GuangzhouissituatedinthesouthofChina.考点一:表示永恒的真理,即使出现在过去的语境中,仍用一般现在时。如:IlearnedthattheearthgoesaroundthesunwhenIwasinprimaryschool.考点二:在时间和条件状语从句中,代替一般将来时;常用的引导词有:时间:when,until,after,before,assoonas,once,themoment/theminute,theday;条件:if,unless,provided.Ifheacceptsthejob,hewillgetmoremoneysoon.考点三:在makesure(certain),seetoit,mind,care,matter+宾语从句,从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。Solongasheworkshard,Idon’tmindwhenhefinishestheexperiment.只要他努力工作,我不介意他什么时候做完试验。考点四:在themore…themore…(越……越……)句型中,若主句是一般将来时,从句通常用一般现在时。Theharderyoustudy,thebetterresultsyouwillget.2、现在进行时表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动:或表感情色彩,加强语气。与频率副词,如always,constantly,continually,again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩(赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等)。WearehavingEnglishclass.Thehouseisbeingbuiltthesedays.Thelittleboyisalwaysmakingtrouble.考点一:在时间状语或条件状语从句中表示将来正在进行的动作。Lookoutwhenyouarecrossingthestreet.Don'twakehimupifheisstillsleepingat7tomorrowmorning.考点二:表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作(这时多有表示将来的时间状语)。MarryisleavingonFriday.3、现在完成时表示动作发生在过去,完成在过去,但强调与现在情况仍有联系,其结果或影响仍存在。现在完成时有一些标志性的时间状语:考点一:for+时间段;since+时间点TheyhavelivedinBeijingforfiveyears.TheyhavelivedinBeijingsince1995.IhavelearnedEnglishfortenyears.考点二:常见的不确定的时间状语:lately;recently,just,already,yet,uptonow;tillnow;sofar,thesedays,Hasitstoppedrainingyet?考点三:在表示“最近几世纪/年/月以来……”时间状语中,谓语动词用现在完成时。inthepastfewyears/months/weeks/days;overthepastfewyears;duringthelastthreemonths;forthelastfewcenturies,throughcenturies;throughouthistory等考点四:表示“第几次做某事,”或在“Itisthebest(worst,mostinteresting)+名词+that”后面跟现在完成时。ThisismyfirsttimethatIhavevisitedChina.ThisisthemostinterestingfilmIhaveeverseen.Thatistheonlybookthathehaswritten.4.一般过去时表在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作,或过去习惯性动作,不强调对现在的影响,只说明过去。常跟明确的过去时间连用,如:yesterday;lastweek;in1945,atthattime;once;duringthewar;before;afewdaysago;when,注意:考点一:usedto+do,表示过去经常但现在已不再维持的习惯动作。to为不定式,后接动词原形。be/become/getusedto+doing,表示习惯于Heusedtosmokealot.Hehasgotusedtogettingupearly.考点二:在时间和条件状语从句中,代替过去将来时。Hepromisedtobuymeacomputerifhegotaraise5.过去进行时表示过去某个时间点或某段时间内正在发生的动作。Theboywasdoinghishomeworkwhenhisfathercamebackfromwork.Hewastakingawalkleisurelybythelakewhenheheardsomeoneshoutedforhelp.Whatwereyoudoingatninelastnight?Theradiowasbeingrepairedwhenyoucalledme.6.过去完成时表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作,即过去完成时的动作发生在“过去的过去”,句中有明显的参照动作或时间状语,这种时态从来不孤立使用(before,after,by,uptill)Therehadbeen25parksinourcityuptill2000.Bytheendoflasttermwehadfinishedthebook.Theyfinishedearlierthanwehadexpected.考点一:用于hardly/scarcely...when;nosooner...than句型中,主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时。Ihadhardlyfinishedmyworkwhenhecametoseeme.Ihadnosoonergotintotheroomthanitbegantosnow.NosoonerhadIarrivedhomethanthetelephonerang.(注意主谓倒装)考点二:表示“第几次做某事”,主句用过去时,从句用过去完成时。Thatwasthesecondtimethatshehadseenhergrandfather.Itwas3yearssincewehadparted。考点三:动词hope,expect,think,intend,mean,want,suppose,plan用过去完成时,表示未实现的愿望、打算和意图。IhadhopedthatIcoulddothejob.IhadintendedtoseeyoubutIwastoobusy.7.一般将来时表在将来某个时间会发生的动作或情况。常和tomorrow,nextyear,in2008等表示将来的时间状语连用,其表现形式多达5种。Beijingwillhostthe29thOlympicGamesin2008.考点一:一般将来时总是用在一些时间状语从句或条件状语从句的主句中:Wewillbeginourclassassoonastheteachercomes.(主句用一般将来时,从句中一定要用一般现在时替代一般将来时。)考点二:某些表示短暂性动作的动词如arrive,come,go,leave,start等,用现在进行时形式表示将来。IamleavingforBeijingtomorrow.考点三:“祈使句+and/or+句子”,这种结构中and后面的句子谓语用一般将来时。Useyourheadandyouwillfindaway.考点四:“am(is,are)goingto+动词原形”,表示打算要做的事或可能要发生的事。“am(is,are)aboutto+动词原形”表示按照预定计划或打算准备着手进行的动作。“am(is,are)to+动词原形”表示必须、必然或计划将要做的事。TheyaretobemarriedinthisMay.8、将来进行时表将来某个时间正在发生的动作,或按计划一定会发生的事情。I’llbedoingmyhomeworkthistimetomorrow.明天这会我正在写作业。ThePresidentwillbemeetingtheforeigndelegationattheairport.9、将来完成时表在将来某时刻之前业已完成的事情,时间状语非常明显。考点一:常用的时间状语一般用by+将来的时间。如:bytheendofthisyear,by8o’clockthisevening,byMarchnextyear以及由bythetime…,before或when等引导的副词从句。Bytheendofnextmonth,hewillhavetraveled1000milesonfoot.Bythetimeyoureachthestation,thetrainwillhaveleft.BynextTuesday,Iwillhavegotreadyfortheexams.考点二:在时间和条件状语从句中,将来完成时则由现在完成时表示。Thechildrenwilldotheirhomeworkthemomenttheyhavearrivedbackfromschool.10.动词的语态一般用于强调受者,做题时谓语动词不再有名词或宾语。动词的语态一般不单独考,而是和时态、语气和非谓语动词一起考,只是需要注意以下考点。考点一:不能用于被动语态的动词和词组cometrue,consistof,takeplace,happen,become,rise,occur,belong,breakout,appear,arrive,die,fall,last,exist,fail,succeedIttookplacebeforeliberation.考点二:下列动词的主动语态表示被动意义,而且常与well,quite,easily,badly等副词连用。lock(锁);wash(洗);sell(卖);read(读);wear(穿);blame(责备);ride(乘坐);write(写);Glassbreakseasily.玻璃容易破碎。Thecarridessmoothly.这车走起来很稳。Thecaselockseasily.这箱子很好锁。Thebooksellswell.这本书很畅销。考点三:一些常用经典被动句型:Itissaid…,Itisreported…,Itiswidelybelieved…,Itisexpected…,Itisestimated…,这些句子一般翻译为“据说……”,“人们认为……”,而“以前人们认为……”则应该说:Itwasbelieved…,Itwasthought练习:1.—Youhaven’tsaidawordaboutmynewcoat,Brenda.Doyoulikeit?—I’msorryI___anythingaboutitsooner.Icertainlythinkit’sprettyonyou.A.wasn’tsayingB.don’tsayC.won’tsayD.didn’tsay2.IwonderwhyJenny_____usrecently.Weshouldhaveheardfromherbynow.A.hasn’twrittenB.doesn’twriteC.won’twriteD.hadn’twritten3.—Whenwillyoucometoseeme,Dad?—Iwillgotoseeyouwhenyou___thetrainingcou