调节效应与中介效应的比较和应用

2005,37(2):268~274ActaPsychologicaSinica268:2004-06-30*(DBA010169)():,Emai:[e-mail]*温忠麟1,2侯杰泰2张雷2(1,510631)(2,),,,,,,B841.2(moderator)(mediator),,,,:(1),,,(interactwith,1.2),(mediating)[1](2),[2,3](3),[4],,Holmbeck[5],,,,,,,,1,(Y)(X),,XY,,1.1YXM,M[6],YXM,1(),(),()[7]12:269,,:,,,(),:,;,,,(,[8]),YXY=aX+bM+cXM+e(1)Y=bM+(a+cM)X+eM,YXYXa+cM,M,c(moderatingeffect)1.2(1)cc(H0!c=0),M(interactioneffect)(1),cXM,,,,,;,,(,[8],[9]),,,,,,,,,,,,,(1),,1(M)(X)(ANOVA),:M,YX,,,Y=aX+bM+cXM+e:1.YXM,R212.YXMXMR22,R22R21,,XM,,,Y=aX+bM+cXM+e()XM,(XM2,;MX2,)1.3()(observablevariable),(latentvariable)1.3.1,(categoricalvariable),,(continuousvariable),,127037,,:(1)YXM,R21(2)YXMXMR22,R22R21,;,XM,,,[10],,(dummyvariable),,,XM(),,XM,XM1.3.2([11]),:,;,[12,13](LISREL8.3,AMOS4.0,EQS6.0)(subgroupmultigroup),,2,,2222,2,,[14]AlginaMoulder[15](),WallAmemiya(GAPI)[16](),(constraint),Marsh,WenHau[17],,,,2[18],2.1XY,XMY,M,:∀∀∀∀∀∀,[6]2,2,cXY,abM(mediatingeffect),c#,c=c#+ab(2)c-c#=ab2.2,,,2,c^c,a,b,c#a^,b^,^c#,a^b^[a^b^/(^c#+2:271a^b^)](a^b^/^c#)[19]YX,c(H0!c=0),M,[18],,,333Sobel[20,21],z=a^b^/saba^,b^a,b,sab=a^2s2b+b^2s2a,sa,sba^,b^3,,22MMXYXYXYXYY=aM+bM+cXM+eM=aX+e2Y=c#X+bM+e3MX,MY,MXMXYMYX(),XYMXYMXY()MXYcab^ca^b^cab,c(t);(F),Sobel[18],,[6,7],,,,,,,27237(),(),,,,,,,,Thompson,[22],,()();():,,,,,4(X)(Y)(),[23](X),9(),(Y),,()(U),9(,,)(W)(5)N=595,:Y18.87W1.130.45X-9.78-2.2094.25U0.630.09-0.220.564.1,(W),,,(W)3WX(t=-0.98,R20.001),(W)-0.232,(W),(W),(),()0.232,W,(W),(W)(W),,,,,,,3(W)R2R2Y=2262W-0051X0.162Y=-0051+2249W-0051X-0023WX01630.001(W)4,,(3t),t,0.338∃0349/0.232=50.8%,2:273,(W),:,,,,,,,,4(W)y=-0232xSE=0.040,t=-5.8**w=-0338xSE=0.039,t=-8.7**y=0349wSE=0.040,t=8.7**-0114xSE=0.040,t=-2.8**:SE**0.01,4.2(W),(U),,,,5(U)R2R2Y=1085U-0101X0.089Y=0023+0987U-0107X+0101UX0.1180.029**(U)5UX(t=4.452,R23%),(U)(U)[14],(U),,(U)Y=0023+0987U+(0101U-0107)X,(U),(X)(Y)U1.06(U,0.75,U=1061.4),(X)(Y),U=15(2),XY()5,,,,,,,,,,1DaviesPT,CummingsEM.Children'semotionsasorganizersoftheirreactionstointeradultanger:Afunctionalistperspective.DevelopmentalPsychology,1995,31:677~6842IreysHT,WerthamerLarsson,KolodnerKB,GrossSS.Mentalhealthofyoungadultswithchronicillness:Themediatingeffectofperceivedimpact.JournalofPediatricPsychology,1994,19:205~2223LazarusRS,FolkmanS.Stress,appraisa,landcoping.NewYork:Springer,1984.22~234ThompsonRJ,GilKM,BurbachDJ,KeithBR,KinneyTR.Roleofchildandmaternalprocessesinthepsychologicaladjustmentofchildrenwithsicklecelldisease.JournalofConsultingandClinicalPsychology,1993,61:468~4745HolmbeckGN.Towardterminologica,lconceptua,landstatisticalclarityinthestudyofmediatorsandmoderators:Examplesfromthechildclinicalandpediatricpsychologyliteratures.JournalofConsultingandClinicalPsychology,1997,65:599~6106JamesLR,BrettJM.Mediators,moderatorsandtestsformediation.JournalofAppliedPsychology,1984,69(2):307~3217BaronRM,KennyDA.Themoderatormediatorvariabledistinctioninsocialpsychologicalresearch:Conceptua,lstrategic,andstatisticalconsiderations.JournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,1986,51(6):1173~11828AikenLS,WestSG.Multipleregression:Testingandinterpretinginteractions.NewburyPark,CA:Sage,19919SchumackerRE,MarcoulidesGA.Interactionandnonlineareffectsinstructuralequationmodeling.Mahwah,NJ:LawrenceErlbaumAssociates,199810CohenJ,CohenP,WestSG,AikenLS.Appliedmultipleregression/correlationanalysisforthebehavioralsciences(3rded.).Hillsdale,NJ:Erlbaum,200311HauKT,WenZ,ChengZ.StructuralEquationModelandItsApplications(inChinese).Beijing:EducationalSciencePress,200427437(,,..:,2004)12JreskogKG.Simultaneousfactoranalysisinseveralpopulations.Psychometrika,1971,36:409~42613YangF.Modelinginteractionandnonlineareffects:astepbystepLISRELexample.In:RESchumacker,GAMarcoulides(Ed).Interactionandnonlineareffectsinstructuralequationmodeling.Mahwah,NJ:Erlbaum,1998.17~4214WenZ,Hau,KT,MarshHW.Methodsandrecentresearchdevelopmentinanalysisofinteractioneffectsbetweenlatentvariables(inChinese).AdvancesinPsychologicalScience,2003,11(5):593~599(,,..,2003,11(5):593~599)15AlginaJ,MoulderBC.AnoteonestimatingtheJreskogYangmodelforlatentvariableinteractionusingLISREL8.3.StructuralEquationModeling,2001,8(1):40~5216WallMM,AmemiyaY.Estimationforpolynomialstructuralequationmodels.TheJournaloftheAmericanStatisticalAssociation,2000,95:929~94017MarshHW,WenZ,HauKT.Structuralequationmodelsoflatentinteractions:evaluationofalternativeestimationstrategiesandindicatorconstruction.PsychologicalMethods,2004,9(3):275~30018WenZ,ChangL,HauKT,LiuH.TestingandApplicationoftheMediatingEffects.ActaPsychologicalSinica,2004,36(6):614~620(,,,..,2004,36(5):614~620)19MacKinnonDP,WarsiG,DwyerJH.Asimulationstudyofmediatedeffectmeasures.MultivariateBehavioralResearch,1995,30(1):41~6220SobelME.Asymptoticconfidenceintervalsforindirecteffectsinstructuralequationmodels.In:SLeinhardt(Ed).Sociologicalmethodology1982.Washington,DC:AmericanSociologicalAssociation,1982290~31221SobelME.Directandindirecteffectsinlinearstructuralequationmodels.In:JSLong(Ed).Commonproblems/propersolutions.BeverlyHills,CA:Sage.198846~6422ThompsonRJ,Kronenbe