*************学院**********学年第二学期毕业论文课题名称:基于单片机设计的脉搏测量仪设计时间:************************系部:电子信息工程系班级:*****电气技术姓名:***********指导教师:******************第1页目录第一章引言...................................................................................................................................3第二章硬件电路设计.....................................................................................................................42.1AT89C2051主要性能........................................................................................................42.2AT89C2051的结构框图....................................................................................................52.3AT89C2051的引脚说明....................................................................................................62.4复位电路...........................................................................................................................82.5振荡电路...........................................................................................................................8第三章基本结构模块.......................................................................................................................93.1脉搏波检测电路...............................................................................................................93.2脉搏信号拾取电路.........................................................................................................103.3信号放大.........................................................................................................................113.4波形整形部分.................................................................................................................13第四章整体电路分析...................................................................................................................144.1光发射电路.....................................................................................................................144.2光电转换电路.................................................................................................................154.3信号采集及处理系统....................................................................................................164.4过采样技术的应用.........................................................................................................164.5整体硬件电路设计.........................................................................................................17第五章软件设计...........................................................................................................................185.1程序设计.........................................................................................................................18结束语...............................................................................................................................................29致谢.................................................................................................................................................22参考文献...........................................................................................................................................23附录………………………………………………………………………………………………..33第2页基于单片机设计的脉搏测量仪[摘要]医院的护士每天都要给住院的病人把脉记录病人每分钟脉搏数,方法是用手按在病人腕部的动脉上,根据脉搏的跳动进行计数。为了节省时间,一般不会作1分钟的测量,通常是测量10秒钟时间内心跳的数,再把结果乘以6即得到每分钟的心跳数,即使这样做还是比较费时,而且精度也不高。本文介绍一种用单片机制作的脉搏测量仪,只要人把手指放在传感器内2秒钟就可以精确测量出每分钟脉搏数,测量结果用三位数字显示。[关键词]:AT89C2051单片机脉搏测量仪Single-chipdesignbasedonthepulsemeasuringinstrumentZhouJing0601ElectricalTechnologyAbstract:Nursehospitalwantstogiveinhospitaleverydaythepatienttakesthepulsetorecordthepatienteachminutepulsenumber,themethodiswiththehandaccordingtoonthepatientwrist'sdepartmentartery,carriesonthecountingaccordingtopulse'sbeat.Forthesavingoftime,willnotmake1minutesurveygenerally,usuallywillbesurveysin10secondstimepalpitation'snumber,willbemultipliedbyagaintheresult6namelyobtainseachminutepalpitationnumber,evenifwilldothisisquitetime-consuming,moreovertheprecisionwillnotbehigh.Thisarticleintroducedthatonekindthepulsemeasuringinstrumentwhichmanufactureswiththemonolithicintegratedcircuit,solongasthehumanplacesthefingerinthesensor2secondstobepossibletheprecisionmeasuringeachminutepulsenumber,themeasurementresultshowedwiththreedigit.Keywords:AT89C2051monolithicintegratedcircuitpulsemeasuringinstrument第3页第一章引言脉搏测量属于检测有无脉博的测量,有脉搏时遮挡光线,无脉搏时透光强,所采用的传感器是红外接收二极管和红外发射二极管。用于体育测量用的脉搏测量大致有指脉和耳脉二种方式。这二种测量方式各有优缺点,指脉测量比较方便、简单,但因为手指上的汗腺较多,指夹常年使用,污染可能会使测量灵敏度下降;耳脉测量比较干净,传感器使用环境污染少,容易维护。但因耳脉较弱,尤其是当季节变化时,所测信号受环境温度影响明显,造成测量结果不准确。从脉搏波中提取人体的生理病理信息作为临床诊断和治疗的依据,历来都受到中外医学界的重视。几乎世界上所有的民族都用过“摸脉”作为诊断疾病的手段。脉搏波所呈现出的形态(波形)、强度(波幅)、速率(波速)和节律(周期)等方面的综合信息,在很大程度上反映出人体心血管系统中许多生理病理的血流特征,因此对脉搏波采集和。处理具有很高的医学价值和应用前景。但人体的生物信号多属于强噪声背景下的低频的弱信号,脉搏波信号更是低频微弱的非电生理信号,必需经过放大和后级滤波以满足采集的要求。第4页第二章硬件电路设计2.1AT89C2051主要性能AT89C2051是ATMEL公司生产的带2K字节闪速可编程可擦除只读存储器(EEPROM)的8位单片机,它具有如下主要特性:(1)和MCS-51产品的兼容(2)2K字节可重编程闪速存储器(3)耐久性:1,000写/擦除周期(4)2.7V~6V的操作范围(5)全静态图2-1AT89C2051的结构框图操作:0Hz~24MHz·两级加密程序存储器·128×8位内部RAM·15根可编程I/O引线·两个16位定时器/计数器·六个中断源·可编程串行UART通道·直接LED驱动输出·片内模拟比较器·低功耗空载和掉电方式·和MCS-51产品的兼容·2K字节可