国内图书分类号:TN958.4国际图书分类号:621.396.969.1工学硕士学位论文基于高分辨距离像的单脉冲测角研究硕士研究生:闫金凤导师:赵彬副教授申请学位:工学硕士学科、专业:信息与通信工程所在单位:电子与信息技术研究院答辩日期:2007年7月授予学位单位:哈尔滨工业大学ClassifiedIndex:TN958.4U.D.C.:621.396.969.1DissertationfortheMaster’sDegreeinEngineeringMONOPULSEGONIOMETRYBASEDONHIGHRANGERESOLUTIONPROFILECandidate:YanJinfengSupervisor:AssociateProf.ZhaoBinAcademicDegreeAppliedfor:MasterofEngineeringSpecialty:InformationandCommunicationEngineeringAffiliation:SchoolofElectronicsandInformationTechnologyDateofDefence:July,2007Degree-Conferring-Institution:HarbinInstituteofTechnology哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文-I-摘要大宽带频率步进雷达是一种高距离分辨率雷达,由于具有测距精度高、抗杂波能力强、可识别真假目标和反隐身等优点,在精确制导武器中有着广阔的应用前景。单脉冲测向具有测角精度高等优点,振幅-和差式单脉冲雷达是实际中比较常用方法之一,在雷达领域得到了广泛的应用。本文主要对频率步进信号体制下双平面振幅-和差式单脉冲雷达测角进行的研究。首先,介绍频率步进雷达系统的工作原理以及频率步进信号波形的定义,分析并设计频率步进雷达的性能参数。同时研究静止和运动目标的基于IDFT的高分辨一维距离像成像原理;并利用模糊函数,详细阐述频率步进波形固有的距离-多普勒耦合特性,为频率步进信号速度补偿提供理论依据。其次,由于频率步进信号存在距离-多普勒耦合,会出现主瓣展宽、峰值降低和峰值偏移等问题,严重影响高分辨距离像的成像效果,所以进行速度补偿是非常必要的。根据不同周期子脉冲相对相位关系,研究速度补偿的基本原理,在此基础上介绍多种基于目标参数的速度补偿方法,并通过仿真验证每种方法可行性以及适用范围。之后,结合脉组误差法和昀小图像熵法的优势,对目标的运动速度进行联合估计,有效地补偿目标运动对高分辨距离像带来的影响,为有效提取角信息奠定基础。然后,介绍双平面振幅-和差式单脉冲雷达测角原理,提出基于高分辨距离像提取角误差信号的方法,并仿真验证目标静止和运动情况下,该方法角误差信息提取以及测角的有效性;同时分析三通道幅度和相位不一致性对测角的影响。此外,在高分辨雷达中,地物杂波符合韦布尔分布,我们根据Farina等提出的一种相参模型,产生韦布尔分布的正交数据。昀后,用目标运动理想模型信息加噪声的方法代替目标信息的量测值,用αβγ滤波算法、标准卡尔曼滤波算法对匀加速直线运动及匀速圆周运动的径向距离进行预测和滤波,对比两种滤波算法的跟踪效果。采用αβγ滤波算法对匀速圆周运动的方位角和俯仰角进行预测和滤波,仿真结果显示αβγ滤波器的跟踪滤波效果。关键词频率步进;单脉冲测向;速度补偿;角跟踪哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文-II-AbstractAsHRRradarsystem,steppedfrequencysignal(SFS)withlargebandwidthhasgreatpotentialapplicationsinaccuratecontrolandguideweapons,whichhasadvantagesofhighrangemeasuringaccuracy,anti-clutter-ability,andidentificationabilityoftrueandfalsetargets.A-SDmonopulseradarasonemethodofmonopulseradaralsohasbeenwidelyappliedbecauseofhighanglemeasuringaccuracy.Inthisdissertation,wewillfocusonabstractingandprocessingtheangleerrorsignalofsteppedfrequencyandmonopulseradar.Firstly,basictheoryofthesteppedfrequencyradarsystemissummarizedandfeatureofthesteppedfrequencyradarareanalyzedindetail.Inthesametime,theoryofhighrangeresolutionprofilebasedonIFFThasbeenproposed.Besides,accordingtothedefinitionofradarwaveform’sambiguity,thecharacteristicsofsteppedfrequencyradarwaveformareanalyzedindetailstobuildafoundationfortheoreticalandexperimentalstudies.Secondly,forcouplingofrangeandDopplerfrequencyinsteppedfrequencysignal,itisquitenecessarytocomplementtargetmotion.Accordingtotherelativephaserelationshipindifferentpulseperiod,weresearchtheprincipleofmotioncomplementandintroducekindsofmotioncomplementmethod.Thenweverifythosemethodsbysimulation.Afterthat,bycombiningadvantagesofdifferentvelocityestimation,weco-estimatevelocityandgreatlyinducetheeffectofmotiononhighrangeresolutionprofile.Later,weintroduceA-SDmonopulseradar,baseonHRRprofileanglemeasurementandverifyitsefficiencybysimulation.Atthesametime,weanalyzeamplitudeandphaseinconsistentofthreechannels.Inhighresolutionradar,distributionofclusterfollowsWeibullandwegetWeibullorthogonaldatabyusingcoherentmodelproposedbyFarina.Finally,wereplacemeasuredvalueswithidealmotionmodeladdednoiseanduseαβγfilter,standardtopredictandfilter.Then,wecomparetrackingresultsofthesefiltersthroughsimulation.Andwealsouseαβγfiltertrackingazimuthandelevationangle,showthetrackingprocedureandanalyzetrackingerror.哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文-III-KeywordsSFS;monopulsegoniometry;complement;angletracking哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文-IV-目录摘要.......................................................................................................................IAbstract.......................................................................................................................II第1章绪论................................................................................................................11.1课题背景...........................................................................................................11.2国内外发展综述...............................................................................................21.3选题意义和研究目的.......................................................................................61.4本论文研究思路和组织结构...........................................................................8第2章频率步进高分辨雷达信号的分析与设计....................................................92.1引言...................................................................................................................92.2频率步进雷达信号波形定义...........................................................................92.3基于IFFT的频率步进雷达目标的一维距离像.............................................102.4目标起伏模型.................................................................................................132.5频率步进雷达波形的模糊函数性能分析.....................................................162.6频率步进雷达波形的性能参数设计.............................................................202.7本章小结.........................................................................................................21第3章频率步进雷达信号速度补偿......................................................................223.1引言.........................