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I摘要多路温度检测系统以8051单片机系统为核心，能对多点的温度进行实时控制巡检。各检测单元（从机）能独立完成各自功能，根据主控机的指令对温度进行实时或定时采集，测量结果不仅能在本地储存，显示，而且可以利用单片机串行口，通过RS-485总线及通信协议将采集的数据传送到主控机，进行进一步的分析，存档，处理和研究。主控机负责控制指令发送，控制各个从机进行温度采集，收集测量数据，并对测量结果（包括历史数据）进行整理，显示和打印。主控机与各从机之间能够相互联系、相互协调，从而达到了系统整体统一，和谐的控制效果。系统检测温度范围为0℃--400℃，检测分辨率±0.1℃，使用RS-485串行总线进行传输，MAX485驱动芯片进行电平转换，传送距离大于1200m，抗干扰能力强，各检测器单元可显示检测的温度，设计并制造了各检测器及主控器所用的直流稳压电源。由单相220V交流电压供电。关键词：Pt100,多机远程通信，8051单片机，仪器放大器620，模数转换器，IIAbstractThemultichanneltemperatureexaminationsystemtake8,051microcomputersystemsasacore.Itcaninspectandcontrollthetemperatureofmanyspots.Eachexaminationunit(thelittermachine)cancompleterespectivefunctionindependently.Itcancollectthetemperatureinatimeaccordingtotheinstructionofthemajorcontrollingmachine.Themeasurementresultcanbestoredanddemonstratedinlocalplace.Moreover,itcanusethemouthofthemicrocomputertotransferthedatagatheredtothemajorcontrollingmachinethroughtheRS-485mainlineandthecorrespondenceagreement.Thenwecanhavethefurtheranalysisandthearchiveandprocessingandtheresearch.Themajorcontrollingmachineisresponsiblefortransmissingthecommand,controllingthetemperaturegatheringoftheothermachines.Itcancollectthesurveyingdata.Itcanalsoreorganizeanddemonstrationandthenprintthemeasurementresult(includinghistoricaldata).Themajorcontrollingmachinecanrelatewithothermachineandcoordinatewithothermachine.Thusithasachievedtheharmoniouseffectofthewholesystem。Thissystemhasrealized:1thetemperatureoftheexaminationrangefrom0℃to400℃.2examinationresolution±0.1℃.3usingtheRS-485serialmainlinetotransfer.TheMAX485makechiptransformandthetransmissiondistanceislonggerthan1200m,theantijammingabilityisstrong.4Eachdetectingunitcandemonstratethetemperatureoftheexamination.5designandmakethedetectorsandthecurrentdirectvoltage-stabilizedsourcethatthemajorcontrollingmachineuses。Itcomesfromthesinglealternatingvoltagepowerof220vKeywords：Pt100,microcomupter8051,AD620,MAX187III目录摘要...................................................................................................................................IABSTRACT.....................................................................................................................II目录..............................................................................................................................III1绪言............................................................................................................................１1.1课题背景................................................................................................................１1.2选题意义.................................................................................................................１2系统设计方案的研究................................................................................................２2.1系统的性能要求.....................................................................................................２2.2方案的分析比较.....................................................................................................２2.2.1测量部分............................................................................................................２2.2.2多机远程通信部分..............................................................................................２3系统的设计................................................................................................................３3.1框图........................................................................................................................３3.1.1总体框图............................................................................................................３3.1.2从机系统框图.....................................................................................................３3.2从机部分................................................................................................................３3.2.1温度信号的获取与放大.....................................................................................３3.3.2模数转换单元.....................................................................................................４3.3.3信号处理和显示单元...........................................................................................６3.3.4声光报警部分.................................................................................................１２3.4通讯部分.............................................................................................................１２3.4.1电路设计........................................................................................................１２3.4.2多机系统........................................................................................................１３3.4.3主从式多机系统设计要点.............................................................................１３3.4.4RS－485方式构成的多机通信原理.............................................................１５3.5主控机部分.........................................................................................................１７3.5.1电路设计........................................................................................................１７3.