年产7万吨铜电解车间设计

i年产7万吨电解铜的电解车间设计摘要本设计为年产7万吨电解铜的电解车间设计，根据设计任务书的要求，本设计对年产7万吨电解铜的电解车间进行了模拟工程设计。经过查阅有关文献，收集相关资料，完成了该设计。本设计的主要内容包括文献综述、工艺流程选择与论证、技术经济指标选择与论证、冶金计算、主要设备计算与选型、环保措施八个部分。在文献综述中，叙述了铜及其化合物的物理化学性质、火法、湿法的冶炼方法。铜电解的工艺与其技术经济指标以设计手册为主，各铜电解厂参数为参考依据进行选取。依据所选的经济指标，对电解槽进行计算与尺寸，数量的确定。依据任务书的车间产量、原料成分、产品质量要求进行物料衡算。通过电解槽的尺寸与有关的参数确定电解精炼的热衡算。最后依据物料衡算数据进行净化与硫酸盐的冶金计算。关键词：粗铜，电解，参数，指标，衡算，选择论证iiABSTRACTThedesignoftheannualoutputof70000tonselectrolyticcopperofelectrolyticworkshopdesign,accordingtotherequirementofdesignproject,thedesignofanannualoutputof70000tonsofelectrolyticcopperelectrolysisworkshopofsimulatedengineeringdesign.Afterconsultrelevantliterature,collectrelatedmaterial,completedthedesign.Thedesignofthemaincontentincludesliteraturereview,technologicalprocessselectionanddemonstration,technicalandeconomicindexselectionwithargument,metallurgycalculation,themainequipmentselectionandcalculation,environmentalprotectionmeasureseightparts.Intheliteraturereview,describedthecopperanditsphysicalandchemicalpropertiesofthecompounds,thedominated,wetmethodofsmelting.Copperelectrolysisprocessanditstechnicalandeconomicindextodesignmanualisgivenpriorityto,thecopperelectrolysisenterpriseparametersisthereferencingbasisforselection.Accordingtotheselectedeconomicindexes,thecalculationandcellsize,numberofsure.Accordingtotheworkshop,rawmaterialproductioncommitmentsingredient,productqualityrequirementsforthematerialbalancecalculations.Throughtheelectrolyticcellsizeandrelatedparametersofthethermalcalculationelectrolyticrefining.Finally,basedonanalyzingdatacalculationpurificationandsulphatemetallurgycalculation.Keywords:thick，copper，Electrolysis，Parameter，index，Calculation目录摘要............................................................iABSTRACT.........................................................ii目录............................................................1第1章文献综述.................................................11.1概述..........................................................11.1.1铜的物理化学性质..........................................11.1.2铜的化合物的物理化学性质..................................11.1.3铜的用途..................................................41.2炼铜的原料....................................................51.2.1铜的矿产资源..............................................51.2.2铜的再生资源..............................................71.3铜的冶炼方法..................................................91.3.1火法......................................................91.3.2湿法.....................................................111.4铜冶金技术的发展.............................................13第2章厂址的选择与论证......................................152.1厂址选择的基本原则...........................................152.2工业布局.....................................................152.3原材料的供应及交通条件.......................................152.4供水、供电条件...............................................162.5地理与气候条件...............................................162.6其它条件.....................................................16第3章铜电解工艺流程的选择与论证...........................183.1流程概述.....................................................183.1.1周期反向电流电解法.......................................183.1.2永久阴极电解法(ISA)......................................183.1.3传统电解法...............................................193.2理论基础.....................................................203.2.1阳极过程.................................................203.2.2阴极过程.................................................213.3电解液的净化.................................................213.3.1概述.....................................................213.3.2电解液的净化流程.........................................22第4章技术条件和经济指标的选择与论证......................244.1铜电解的技术条件.............................................244.1.1电解液组成...............................................244.1.2添加剂...................................................244.1.3电解液温度...............................................254.1.4电解液循环...............................................254.1.5电流密度.................................................254.1.6极距.....................................................264.1.7槽电压.....................................................264.2铜电解技术经济指标...........................................274.2.4电流率效.................................................274.2.2残极率...................................................284.2.3铜电解回收率.............................................284.2.4槽电压...................................................284.2.5直流电能消耗.............................................284.2.6硫酸单位消耗等...........................................29第5章铜电解精炼冶金计算....................................305.1铜电解精炼物料平衡计算.......................................305.2铜电解精炼热平衡计算.........................................325.2.1热收入...................................................325.2.2热支出...................................................33第6章电解液净化及硫酸盐生产冶金计算......................366.1净液量的计算.................................................366.2硫酸盐生产物料平衡计算.......................................366.2.1铜料加入量.................