高考情态动词复习(详细易懂)

情态动词modalverbs情态动词的基本用法特点1）情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示期待或估计某事的发生。2）情态动词除ought和have外，后面只能接不带to的不定式。3）情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。4）情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词，等形式。表示能力:can,could,beableto*beableto能用于各种时态。can/could只能表示现在或过去的能力。*was/wereableto:“设法做成某事”相当于managedtodosth.succeededindoingsth.。1.表示能力、许可的情态动词的用法。1.Acomputer______thinkforitself;itmustbetoldwhattodo.A.can’tB.couldn’tC.maynotD.mightnot2.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone______getout.A.hadtoB.wouldC.couldD.wasabletoAD3.Theywill______runthismachineontheirowninthreemonths.A.canB.couldC.mayD.beabletoD表示许可:may/might,can/could*might,could比较委婉,一般多用于疑问句.*can,may表达的语言比较随便.*在以could,might表示征询对方意见或表示请求时，回答应相应使用can,may.5.—CouldIborrowyourdictionary?—Yes,ofcourseyou_______.A.mightB.willC.canD.should6.—MightIwatchTVaftersupper?—Yes,you________.A.mayB.mustC.mightD.canCA2.表示否定的情态动词的用法:mustn’t不准,禁止needn’t没必要(=don’thaveto)can’t不能;不可能maynot不可以;可能不shouldn’t不应该(=oughtnotto)won’t/wouldn’t不愿意daren’t不敢can/may/must/need问句的回答方式Can/Couldyoudosth.Yes,I/we/can/couldNo,Iwecan’t/couldn’tMayIdosth.?Yes,No,youMustI/wedosth.?Yes,NoyouNeedIdosth.?Yes,No,you疑问句式肯定句式否定答式youmay.mustn’t/maynot.youmustneedn’t/don’thaveto.youmust.needn’t/don’thaveto.7.You______returnthebooknow.Youcankeepittillnextweekifyoulike.A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.maynot8.Johnny,you______playwiththeknife,you______hurtyourself.A.won’t;can’tB.mustn’t;mayC.shouldn’t;mustD.can’t;shouldn’tCB9.--Willyoustayforlunch?--Sorry,_____.Mybrotheriscomingtoseeme.A.Imustn’tB.Ican’tC.Ineedn’tD.Iwon’t10.--MayIpickaflowerinthegarden?--________.A.No,youneedn’tB.Not,please.C.No,youmustn’tD.No,youwon’tBC表示推测——情态动词的重要用法.肯定的推测可能的推测否定的推测疑问的推测ust/should对将来对现在对过去情态动词may,mightcan’t,couldn’tcan,could+V.+V.+havedone常见mustbe+bedoing+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing可以用not表示“可能不”+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing1.YoumustbeMrSmith----Iwastoldtoexpectyouhere.2.Hemusthaveknownwhatwewanted.3.Wemayhavereadthesamereport.4.Hecan’thavesleptthroughallthatnoise.5.There’ssomeoneoutside----whocanitbe?6.Whatcantheybedoing?7.Thesepillsmighthelptocureyourdisease.8.Youcouldberight,Isuppose.1.Idon'tknowwheresheis,she_______beinWuhan.2.Atthismoment,ourteacher___________________ourexampapers.这时，我们老师想必在批改试卷。3.Theroadiswet.It____________________lastnight.(rain)4.Yourmother__________________________foryou.你妈妈一定一直在找你。maymustbemarkingmusthaverainedmusthavebeenlooking5.Philip________________________seriouslyinthecaraccident.菲利普可能在车祸中受了重伤.6.---Lindahasgonetowork,butherbicycleisstillhere.---She_____________________(go)bybus.7.Mike___________________hiscar,forhecametoworkbybusthismorning.迈克一定还没有找回他的车，因为早上他是坐公共汽车来上班的。may(might)havebeenhurtmay(might)havegonecan’thavefound情态动词+完成式：1.musthavedone2.may/mighthavedone3.can’tcouldn’tjavedone4.should/oughttohavedone5.shouln’t/oughtn’ttohavedone6.couldhavedone7.needn’thavedone8.wouldratherhavedone1.Thegroundisratherwet,soit_______haverainedlastnight,didn’tit?2.Tom____havegonetoShanghai,butI’mstillnotsureaboutit.3.Thegroundisverydry,soit_____haverainedlastnight.4.Someonemusthavebrokenintoourbedroom.Who________havedoneit?5.IreallyregrettedwastingthehourswhenI______havestudiedhard,butitwastoolate.mustmaycan’tcouldshould6.Yourhomeisnotfarfromyourschool,soyou_________haveleftinsuchahurrythen.7.I_____________havecometohelpyouwithyourEnglish,butIwastoobusyatthattime.•8.---IpaidavisittoNewYorklastmonthandwestayedatanicehotel.•---Oh,you_______havestayedwithBarbara.Sheisalwayswillingtodoyouafavour.couldneedn’twouldrathershall和will的比较比较内容肯定句疑问句shall表示“威胁”、“警告”、“允诺”的语气与第一、三人称连用，表示征询对方的意见Will/would1）表示“习惯”2）表示“愿意/望”3）表示“必然性”与第二人称连用，表示征询对方的意见•1.Ifyou________followmyadvice,I_____offeryousomehelp.•2.______youmeethimrightnowor____hewaitoutside,sir?willshallWillshall11.He______bepunishedifhedisobeys.如果他不服从,就要受到惩罚.12.Wearenotgoingtoquarrelatallifyou____onlyletmespeak.只要你让我说话,我们根本就不会吵架.13.--Sir,____hegoorstay?--Lethimgo.A.willB.shallC.mightD.couldshallwillB14.Thedoor_______open.这门经常打不开.15.Ronald______stayinhissmallgardenforalongtimeeverydayinthepast.A.couldB.mightC.shouldD.would16.You_____havethebookafterIreadit.我看完以后一定把这本书给你.won’tDshallwould和usedto的比较1、would主要表示过去一段时间内的某种习惯，常与表示过去的时间状语连用，意为“总要，总是”usedto主要表示过去存在但是现在已不再存在的习惯，意为“过去常常”。OnSundayshe_______gotocallontheoldmanwhenhewasyoung.I_______getuplate,butnowIhavegotusedtogettingupveryearly.XiaoLi________beamodelworker.Heisnowauniversitystudent.wouldusedtousedto可兼做行为动词的情态动词：need、dare情态动词(+动词原形)行为动词.needdare1.无人称和数的变化;2.尤其用于：*否定句及疑问句中;*在if/whether之后;*或与hardly,never,noone,nobody连用;3.常以needn’t和daren’t的形式出现;4.dare有其过去时dared.多用于肯定句;(sb.)needtododaretodo(sth.)needtobedone(sth.)needdoingIdaren’taskherforarise.我不敢请求她加薪.Howdidyoudaretotellherthat?Iwonderwhetherhedarestandupinpublic.Idon’tknowhowshedarestowearthatdress.Doyouneedanyhelp?Iwonderwhetherheneedsenditimmediately.Ineedhardlytellyouthattheworkisdangerous.Thegardendoesn’tneedwateringatthemoment.Youneedn’tfinishthatworktoday.判断正误:Howdareyousaysuchathing?Howdareyoutosaysuchathing?Hedaren’ttospeakEnglishbeforesuchacrowd,didhe?Hedare