第1章电路定律及分析方法习题(17题)清华大学电机系电工学教研室唐庆玉编2008.1.17(注:中文习题的图符采用我国国家标准,英文习题的图符采用美国标准)1.1(直流功率)图1.1所示电路,求各电流源的端电压和功率,并判断出哪个电流源输出功率,哪个电流源吸收功率。已知:IS1=1A,IS2=2A,R1=5,R2=10。(答案:V51SU,V252SU,W51SP,W502SP)1.2(电源模型)图1.2所示电路,一未知电源,测A、B之间的开路电压为24V,当在A、B之间接入4k电阻后,测得A、B之间的电压为9.6V。求该未知电源的等效电流源模型。(答案:4mA,6k)1.3(支路电流法)ConsiderthecircuitofFigure1.3whereR1=R2=1andR3=2.Findthethreecurrents,I1,I2,I3.(Answer:A25.3A,75.0A,25.4321III)1.4(电源模型的等效互换法)UsesourcetransformationstofindthevoltageUacrossthe1-mAcurrentsourceforthecircuitshowninFigure1.4.(Answer:U=3V)图1.1习题1.1的图R2R1IS2IS1++I1US2US1+R1R2R3I1I2I34A10V5AFigure1.3BA+-600140030001mA-+6mAU1.4VFigure1.4图1.2习题1.2的图B未知电源AU1.5(结点电位法)如图1.5所示电路,用结点电位法求电流I1~I4。(答案:A2.21I,A2.02I,A2.03I,A8.14I)1.6(叠加原理)用叠加原理计算图1.6中电阻R2中的电流I2。已知V120SU,A3SI,601R,402R,303R,204R。(答案:1A)1.7(叠加原理)图1.7所示电路,已知:U1=0时,I=10mA,当U1=-10V时,I=-80mA。求U1=5V时,I是多少mA。(答案:55mA)1.8(戴维宁定理)UsingThevenin’stheorem,findthecurrentIthroughthe24VvoltagesourceforthecircuitshowninFigure1.8.(Answer:I=10A)图1.7习题1.7的图R2I+R1U1R+U2R3+U324V5A+14527IFigure1.8I2图1.6习题1.6的图+R4USIS+R1R2R32A2A1510205V1V2V3图1.5习题1.5的图I2I1I3I41.9(戴维宁定理)Aresistor,R,wasconnectedtoacircuitboxasshowninFigure1.9.Thevoltage,U,wasmeasured.Theresistancewaschanged,andthevoltagewasmeasuredagain.Theresultsareshowninthetable.DeterminetheThéveninequivalentofthecircuitwithintheboxandpredictthevoltage,U,whenR=8k.(Answer:V12SU,k4SR;当kΩ8R时V8U)1.10(戴维宁定理,结点电位法)图1.10所示电路,已知k11R,k22R,k33R,k24R,k45R。用戴维宁定理和结点电位法两种方法求电流I3。(答案:0.8mA)1.11(诺顿定理)求图1.11虚线框内电路的诺顿等效电路,并求使I=2A的RL之值。(答案:2)1.12(戴维宁定理,最大功率传输原理)图1.12所示电路,mA8I,V4U,k221RR,k43R。求能获得最大功率的R为多少k?R上获得的最大功率是多少mW?(答案:5k,5mW)U图1.12习题1.12的图+RURIIR1R2R3++CircuitIU-+RRU2k4V4k6VFigure1.9图1.10习题1.10的图R5+12V24VR2R4R1R3I3+6V图1.11习题1.11的图I5VRL12V12+++24V41.13(电阻网络的Y-转换,戴维宁定理)用戴维宁定理求图1.13电路中的电流I。图中电阻值的单位为。(答案:2A)1.14(解题方法任选)如图1.14所示电路,当恒流源IS为何值时,它两端的电压US=0。(答案:1.5A)1.15(直流受控源,压控电流源)DeterminethenodevoltageVbforthecircuitofFigure1.15.(Answer:Vb=18V)1.16(直流受控源,流控电压源)DeterminethenodevoltageVaforthecircuitofFigure1.16.(Answer:Va=10V)1.17(直流受控源,流控电流源,最大功率传输原理)FindthemaximumpowertotheloadRLifthemaximumpowertransferconditionismetforthecircuitofFigure1.17.(Answer:PLmax=0.75W)-++-0.02Ua200UaVb9V100Figure1.15Figure1.164Ia10IaVa2A6+-图1.13习题1.13的图I26V-+1030609015300.2A图1.14习题1.14的图+++US+IS2A4436V44V24V1224362RL30.9A16V+-ix10ixFigure1.17第2章正弦交流电路习题(18题)清华大学电机系电工学教研室唐庆玉编2008.1.202.1(正弦交流电路基本概念)已知电流A)301000sin(2201ti,A)201000sin(302ti。求出各电流的频率,有效值,初相位,并在同一坐标中上画出i1、i2的相量,比较它们相位领先与落后的关系。2.2(正弦交流电路基本概念)将下列各相量所对应的瞬时值函数式写出来(50Hzf):V)8j6(1U,A)3j3(I,V8j62U2.3(纯电容电路,纯电感电路)如图2.3所示各电路,已知V)3050sin(2100tu,测得A1I。写出i的表达式,并求电容C或电感L的值。(答案:(a)200F;(b)2H)2.4(RC串联电路)图2.4所示RC串联电路,已知:k20R,F01.0C,V)1000sin(210tu。求电流i,电压uR和uC,uR和uC与电压u的相位差。画出电压、电流的相量图。(答案:mA)8.571000sin(227.0ti,V)8.571000sin(24.5tuR,V)2.321000sin(259.8tuC2.5(RL串联电路)已知某RL串联电路如图2.5所示,已知电流A)301000sin(2ti,有功功率P=50W,无功功率Q=50var。求:(1)电源电压u;(2)电路参数R、L。(答案:V)151000sin(100tu,R=50,L=0.05H)(a)+uiC图2.3习题2.3的图+ui(b)L+RLui图2.5习题2.5的图+RCui++uRuC图2.4习题2.4的图2.6(复杂交流电路,电源模型的等效互换)图2.6所示电路,求电流1I、2I和电流源SI两端的电压及电流源SI的功率PS,并确定电流源在电路中的作用(是电源还是负载)。已知:2j21Z,2j2Z,V304SU,A06SI。(答案:A7.4537.21I,A4.2166.42I,V6.6832.9U,W4.20SP)2.7(功率因数提高)如图2.7所示电路,已知V314sin2220tu,mH5.25,6LR。(1)计算该电路的电流LRI、电路的有功功率P及功率因数cos;(2)欲使电路的cos提高到1,需并联多大的电容C。并联电容后,电流I的值为多少,电路的有功功率P是否有变?(答案:A22LRI,W2904P,6.0cos,F255C,A2.13I)2.8(复杂交流电路,戴维宁定理)UsingThevenin’stheorem,FindthevoltageuabbetweenaandbforthecircuitofFigure2.8.(Answer:V)3.1115sin(8.28tuab)2.9(复杂交流电路,结点电位法)如图2.9所示电路,已知:V010U,mA901I。用结点电位法求1k电阻两端的电压1RU,并求虚线部分电路的平均功率、无功功率和视在功率。(答案:V4.6931RU,AV3.6S,W21.6P,var07.1Q)Z1Z21ISI图2.6++2ISUURLCi图2.7+CLRiiu图2.9习题2.9的图j2k1kj3.6kj6k3k+UI+R1UFigure2.88+2.4H2H0.1F5sin5tV5cos5tAuabab+_2.10(复杂交流电路,相量图)如图2.10所示电路,已知A41LIII,rad/s1000,电路的有功功率W120P。求电路参数R、L、C。(答案:10,8.66mH,57.7F)2.11(串联谐振)图2.11所示电路,mH10,100V,10sin225LRtu。该电路的电容C为多少时,电路产生串联谐振。谐振时电流I0及电压UL是多大?该电路的Q值是多少?通频带BW是多大?(答案:μF01.0C,A02.00I,V20LU,10Q,rad/s10BW4)2.12(串联谐振)如图2.12所示电路中,已知V10sin40tu,A10sin5ti,3R,H4L。求网络内的等效串联电路的元件参数值。(答案:5,2.5mF)2.13(并联谐振)如图2.13所示电路,tIisin2,求谐振频率0,谐振时的阻抗0Z、U、RI、LI、CI,并画出电压和电流的相量图。(答案:LC10,RZ0,0IRU,0RII,90LLCIRI,90CLCIRI)2.14(谐振电路)如图2.14所示电路,已知20R,F1.0C,当rad/s1055时电路发生谐振,此时bcabUU。求R1和L的值。(答案:101R,μH20L)2.15(谐振电路)如图2.15所示电路,当V10U、rad/s1000时u与i同相位,而且A2LRII。求电路参数R、L、C的值。(答案:10R,mH10L,μF200C,)图2.13习题2.13的图Lu+RiCiCiLiR图2.12习题2.12的图网络Lu+-Ri图2.11习题2.11的图L+CuRi+uL图2.10习题2.10的图LRuCiCiLiRi+i12.16(一阶低通滤波器)如图2.16所示电路,已知H1.0,k10LR。画出幅频特性波特图,说明电路是高通还是低通网络,并求3dB频率。(答案:rad/s1015c)2.17(交流最大功率传输原理)ThecapacitorhasbeenaddedtotheloadinthecircuitshowninFigure2.17inordertomaximizethepowerabsorbedbythe4000resistor.Whatvalueofcapacitorandinductanceshouldbeusedtoaccomplishthatobjective?(Answer:C=0.1F,L=0.32H)2.18(交流受