八年级下册英语-Unit3-第三单元笔记+练习

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Unit3whatwereyoudoingwhentheufoarrived?【重难点分析】一.过去进行时过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或者某段时间正在进行或发生的动作,常和表过去的时间状语连用。过去进行时的构成:肯定形式:主语+was/were+V-ing否定形式:主语+wasnot(wasn't)/werenot(weren't)+V-ing疑问形式:Was/Were+主语+V-ing。基本用法:1.过去进行时表示过去某一段时间或某一时刻正在进行的动作。常与之连用的时间状语有:atthattime/moment,(at)thistimeyesterday(lastnight/Sunday/week…),at+点钟+yesterday(lastnight/Sunday…),whensb.didsth等时间状语从句。如:Whatwereyoudoingat7p.m.yesterday?昨天晚上七点你在干什么?IfirstmetMarythreeyearsago.Shewasworkingataradioshopatthetime.我第一次遇到玛丽是在三年前,当时她在一家无线电商店工作。Iwascookingwhensheknockedatthedoor.她敲门时我正在做饭。2.when后通常用表示暂短性动词,while后通常用表示持续性动词,因此它所引导的状语从句中,谓语动词常用进行时态,如:WhenthecarexplodedIwaswalkingpastit.=WhileIwaswalkingpastthecaritexploded.3.when用作并列连词时,主句常用进行时态,从句则用一般过去时,表示主句动作发生的过程中,另一个意想不到的动作发生了。如:Iwaswalkinginthestreetwhensomeonecalledme.我正在街上走时突然有人喊我。4.when作并列连词,表示“(这时)突然”之意时,第一个并列分句用过去进行时,when引导的并列分句用一般过去时。如:IwastakingawalkwhenImethim.我正在散步,突然遇见了他。Wewereplayingoutsidewhenitbegantorain.我们正在外边玩,这时下起雨来了。特点:while之后的从句一般用:进行时态(be+doing)When之后的从句一般用:过去时态【注:本特点不是while和when的全部用法,更多的用法会在以后的学习中见到】二.情态动词(ModalVerbs)Ⅱ情态动词:must用于表示“必须”、“务必”注:以must引导的一般疑问句,否定回答习惯上用No,youneedn’t或don'thaveto③.MustIpaynow?Yes,youmust.No,youneedn’t./No,youdon’thaveto.三.重点词汇1.cutv.切;剪;割cut(one’s)hair理发Becareful.Don'tcutyourself.小心,别切到自己。2.alienn.外星人AnaliengotoutoftheUFO.一个外星人从不明飞行物里出来。3.landv.登岸;登陆;降落n.陆地Theplanewilllandintenminutes.飞机将在十分钟后降落。AUFOlandedinthemiddleofthefield..一个不明飞行物降落在田野中间。4.whileconj.当……的时候;在……之时WhileIdanced,shesang.我跳舞,她唱歌。Whilehewassinging,Iwasplayingbaseball.他当时在唱歌,而我在打棒球。5.rightadv.正好;恰好Theaccidenthappenedrightoverthere.事故正好发生在那里。Helivesrightinthecenterofthecity.他恰好住在市中心。6.surprisedadj.惊奇的;吃惊的Iwassurprisedthathewaslatefortheparty.我很惊讶他聚会居然迟到了。ShewassurprisedthatIdidn’tknowaboutthat.她很吃惊我竟不知那件事。注:ed形容词用于修饰Sb,而ing形容词用于修饰sth7.kidv.欺骗;哄骗I'mnotkiddingyou.我没有骗你。You’rekidding=Nokidding.别开玩笑了。8.anywhereadv.到处;无论哪里(用于否定句和一般疑问句中)Didyougoanywhereyesterday?你昨天去没去过什么地方?Theydidn’tgoanywherethedaybeforeyesterday.他们前日天哪里也没去9.happenv.发生Afunnythinghappenedinthesubwayyesterday.昨天地铁里发生了一件有趣的事。Whathappenedtohimonthatday?那天他怎么了?(发生了什么事?)注:happen常用于以下两个结构:sth.happento+名词:发生于……身上happentodosth碰巧做某事如:Shehopednothingbadwouldhappentohim.她希望不会有坏事发生在他身上。10.getoutof从……出去Shetriedtogetoutofhelpinghermother.她尽量逃避帮助她的妈妈。Tomgotoutoftheliftandwalkedtothestation.汤姆走出电梯然后往车站走去。11.runaway跑开;迅速离开;逃走Thethiefranawaywhensomeonenoticedhim.当有人注意到他的时候,那个贼立刻逃走了。12.atthedoctor's在诊所;在医院I'mthinkingofgoingtothetailor's.在表示诊所、店铺或某人的家时,经常用名词所有格的形式。Mr.Cool’s=Mr.Cool’sclothesstoreatJason’s=atJason’sstoreSheisstayingatMary's.她住在玛莉家。Iwanttogotothetailor’s.我想到裁缝店去一趟。13.seesb.dosth.看见某人做(过)某事shesawthealiengetout.她看见外星人出来.14.感叹句是英语的一种重要的句型,用来表示人的强烈感情。一般说来,感叹句是由what或how引导,句末用感叹号.感叹句结构为:Whata/an+adj(形容词)+n(名词)+(主+谓)What+adj(形容词)+名词复数+(主+谓)What+adj(形容词)+不可数名词+(主+谓)How+adj/adv+(主+谓)四.词语辨析1、infrontof与in(at)thefrontofinthefrontof在……的前面(表示“有距离的前面”,在一个参照物的前面)e.g.:Thereisacarinfrontofthehouse.房子前日面有一辆车in(at)thefrontof在……的前头,前排(列)(在一个范围内的前面部位)eg.Shesatinthefrontofthebus.她坐在公交车的前排2、getoutof与getinto是反义词getinto走进,进入eg.Hegetoutofthecarandgetintothebuilding.3、beamazing与beamazedbeamazing令人惊奇的(修饰事物的,指某事令人惊奇,比surprising更具意外性e.g.:Shehasanamazingtalentformusic.她在音乐方面有惊人的才华。Isn’tthatamazing.那不很令人意外吗?beamazed(atsth./todo…/that从句)(某人)对…(因…而)大感惊讶(指人作主语)eg.Wewereamazedatthenews.=Wewereamazedtohearthenews.我们对这个消息感到非常惊讶.4、besurprising与besurprisedbesurprising令人惊奇的(用法与beamazing一样,也是修饰事物的)e.g.:asurprisingending一个令人惊奇的结局besurprised(atsth./todo…/that从句)(某人)对…(因…而)感到惊奇,用法与besurprised一样,也是人作主语。eg.Theyweresurprisingthathewasbadlyhurtintheaudient.他们很吃惊他在那次事故中伤得很重。5、inatree与onatreeeg.Arethereanybirdsinthetree?树上有些鸟吗?onatree在树上(指长在树上的东西)Look!Therearemanyapplesonthetree.6、myflighttoNewYork与flytoNewYork前者是一个名词短语,后者是一个动词短语。eg.HerflighttoParisistakingoffat2p.m.SheisflyingtoParisat2p.m.五.课文解释:1.Youcanimaginehowstrangeitwas!你可以想象这事有多惊奇!eg.Youcanimaginehowfastheruns!2.Ifollowedittoseewhereitwasgoingfollowsb.todosth.跟随…去做…eg.MrWhitefollowedhiswifetoseewhatwashappeningthere.3.Shedidn’tthinkaboutlookingoutsidethestation.Thinkabout(doing)sth.她未想到去车站外看看.4.saytosb.对某人saytooneself自言自语e.g.:Hesaidtohimself,“Don’tbeafraid.”他自言自语,“不要害怕”5.lookfor寻找(强调找的“过程”)find找到(强调找的“结果”)eg.Helookedforhislostkeyeverywherebutcouldn’tfindit.6.Itwasdifficulttogetoutofbed.从床爬起来很难。Itisdifficult/hardtodosth.做某事很难。Hefoundthatitwasdifficulttolearnphysicswell.八年级下册Unit3练习题一.选择填空:、()1.Imetafriendofmine_____Iwaswalkinginthepark.A.beforeB.whenC.afterD.if()2.We’llgoforawalkifit_____tomorrow.A.willnotrainB.isn’trainingC.doesn’trainD.isn’train()3.ImetLiLei_____hospitallastSunday.Hewasill_____hospitalthen.A.inthe,intheB.in,intheC.inthe,inD.in,in()4.Grandmaisnowat_____.A.thedoctor’sB.thedoctorsC.thedoctorD.adoctor’s()5.Yougotoseeadoctorinahospital.Whenheasksyou,“What’syourtrouble?”Youshouldsay“_____.”A.I’mfeelingterribleB.Don’ttroubleme.C.Givemesomemedicine,pleaseD.Pleasetakecareofme()6.Whenyouare_____trouble,whynotphonethe_____?A.at,policeB.in,policemanC.in,policeD.at,policeman()7.____usefulinventionthecomputeris!A.WhataB.WhatanC.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