英语(二)优化标准预测试卷(二)

英语(二)优化标准预测试卷(二)第一部分:阅读判断(第1~10题，每题1分，共10分)下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断；如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。TheFirstSettlementinNorthAmericaItisverydifficulttosayjustwhencolonizationbegan.ThefirsthundredyearsafterChristopherColumbus’sjourneyofdiscoveryin1492didnotproduceanysettlementontheNorthAmericacontinentbutrathersomeSpanishtradingpostsfurthersouth,agreatinterestingoldandadventure,andsomecolorfulcrimesinwhichtheEnglishhadtheirpart.JohnCabot,originallyfromGenoabutacitizenofVenice,wasestablishedasatraderinBristol,England,whenhemadeajourneyin1497.Buthisship,theMatthew,withitscrewofeighteen,didnomorethanseeanisland(probablyofftheNewEnglandcoast)andreturnhome.HeandhissonmadefurthervoyagesacrossthenorthAtlanticwhichenabledtheEnglishcrowntoclaima“legal”titletoNorthAmerica.ButforalongtimeafterwardstheEuropeans’interestinAmericawasmainlyconfinedtotheSpanishactivitiesfurthersouth.ThefirstbeginningofpermanentsettlementinNorthAmericawerenearlyahundredyearsafterColumbus’sfirstvoyage.TheEnglishmanSirWalterRaleighclaimedthewholeofNorthAmericaforEngland,callingitVirginia.In1585hesentasmallgroupofpeoplewholandedinRoanokeIsland,buttheystayedonlyforayearandthenwentbacktoEnglandwithanotherexpedition,ledbyDrake,in1587.Asecondgroupwholandedin1587hadalldisappearedwhenafurtherexpeditionarrivedin1590.ThefirstpermanentsettlementinNorthAmericawasin1670.EnglishcapitalistsfoundedtwoVirginiacompanies,asouthernonebasedinLondonandanorthernonebasedinBristol.ItwasdecidedtogivethenameNewEnglandtothenorthernarea.ThefirstsettlersinVirginiawerelittlemorethanwageslavestothecompany.Allweremenandtheexperimentwasnotverysuccessful.Manydied.Thosewhosurvivedlivedinmiserableconditions.By1619thecolonyhadonlyathousandpeople.1.Weknowforsurethatcolonizationbeganattheendofthe15thcentury.()A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned2.AmongtheearlysettlersinSouthAmericainthe16thcenturywereSpanishtraders.()A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned3.WithJohnCabot’sarrivalatanislandofftheNewEnglandcoastin1497,theBritishCrownclaimedtobethelegalownerofNorthAmerica.()A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned4.TherewereeighteenpeopleonboardtheMatthewduringitsvoyagetoNorthAmericain1497.()A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned5.ThefirstattemptmadebyEuropeanpeopletosettledownpermanentlyinNorthAmericaOccurredinthe1580s.()A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned6.ThenameVirginiawasgiventoNorthAmericabySirWalterRaleigh.()A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned7.SirWalterRaleighsentsomepeopletoVirginiaforayearin1585.()A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned8.ThefirstpermanentsettlementinNorthAmericawasin1670.()A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned9.ThenameNewEnglandwasgiventothenorthernareaofNorthAmericabythebossofoneofthetwoVirginiacompanies.()A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned10.ThefirstsettlersinVirginiawereallslavesmixedwithmenandwomen.()A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned第二部分：阅读选择（第11~15题，每题2分，共10分）阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出1个最佳选项。TheOperationofInternationalAirlinesInternationalairlineshaverediscoveredthebusinesstraveler,themanorwomanwhoregularlyjetsfromcountrytocountryaspartofthejob.Thisdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatairlineseverabandonedtheirbusinesstravelers.Instead,companieslikeLufthansaandSwissairwouldrightarguethattheyhavealwayscateredbestfortheexecutiveclasspassengers.Butmanyairlinescouldbeaccusedofconcentratingtooheavilyintherecentpastonattractingpassengersbyvolume,oftenattheexpenseoftheregulartraveler.Toooften,theyhaveseemedgearedforquantityratherthanquality.Operatingamajorairlineisessentiallyamatteroffindingtherightmixofpassengers.Theairlinesneedtofillupthebackendoftheirwide-bodiedjetswithlowfarepassengers,withoutforgettingthatthefrontendshouldbefilledwithpeoplewhopaysubstantiallymorefortheirtickets.Itisnocoincidencethatthetwomajorairlinebankruptcieswereamongthecompaniesspecializingincheapflights.Butlowfaresrequireconsistentlyfullaircrafttomakeflightseconomicallyviable,andintherecentrecessionthevolumeoftraffichasnotgrown.Equallythelargenumberofairlinesjostlingfortheavailablepassengershascreatedahugeexcessofcapacity.Thenetresultofexcesscapacityandcut-throatcompetitiondrivingdownfareshadbeentopushsomeairlinesintocollapseandleavemanyothershoveringonthebrink.Againstthisgrimbackground,itisnosurprisethatairlinesareturningincreasinglytowardsthebusinesstravelerstoimprovetheirratesofreturn.Theyhaveinvestedmuchtimeandefforttoestablishexactlywhattheexecutivedemandsforsittingapartfromthetourists.Highonthelistofprioritiesispunctuality;anexecutive’stimeismoney.In-flightserviceisanotherareawheretheairlinesarejostlingfortheexecutive’sattention.Thefreedrinksandheadsetsandbetterfoodareallpartofthelure.Anotherdevelopmenthasbeentheaccentofseatingarrangements.Regulartravelershavebecomewellversedinthedebateaboutseatpitch—theamountofroombetweeneachpassenger.Andfirst-classpassengersarenowofferedsleeperetteseats,which,forlongjourneys,makeitpossibletosnatchapropernight’ssleep.Sleeperetteshaveprovedsopopularthattheywillsoonbecomeuniversalinthefrontendofmostaircraft.Theairlinesarealsotryingtoimprovethingsontheground.Executiveloungesarecommonplaceandintendedtomaketh