主语从句用法小结

主语从句用法小结勉县第二中学高二（7）班郭恬指导老师：李艳请观察下列句子,注意主语从句的特点。1.Thattheearthtravelsroundthesunisawell-knownfact.2.Whethertheartistcandoitornotisuncertain.3.Whowillacttheleadintheplayhasnotbeendecidedyet.4.Wheretheyoungmanhasgoneisnotknown.5.Whenandwherethetestwillbegivenisnotyetdecided.【归纳总结】主语从句必须有引导词；主语从句用陈述句语气。1.引导主语从句的词有：连词:that,whether；连接代词:who,whose,whom,whoever,what,which等；连接副词where,when,whenever,wherever,how,why等。主语从句引导词的选择：1).连接词:that,whether(1)Thathewillwiniscertain.(2)IthasbeenreportedthatsalesofbeefinChinawillincrease.(3)Whetherweshallraiseducksorgeeseremainstobedecided.(4)Whetherhe’lljoinusinthediscussionisofgreatimportance.2)连接代词:who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever等。(1)Itisclearwhoisafraidofhavingachangeinlandownership.(2)Whosebagitiscannotbetold.(3)WhatIndianeedsisalawtomakelandownershipfairer.(4)Itisnotyetdecidedwhichcashcropwillbeproducednextyear.(5)Whateverhesaidwasright.(6)Whoevergotheremustgetreadyby6o’clock.3)连接副词:when,where,why,how,howmany,howmuch,howlong,howsoon,howoften等。(1)Whenwe’llstarttomorrowwillbetoldsoon.(2)Wherewecanbuyoxenissomethingweneedtofindout.(3)How/Whenhecamehereisnotknown.(4)Howwecanprotectthegrainneedstobediscussed.(5)Howmanypeoplediedfromstarvationthatyearwillneverbeknown.(6)Howoftenhe’llgotoseehisgrandmotherdependsonthetimehecanspare.归纳总结：主语从句引导词的选择主要是根据从句的结构和意义来选择。1.如果从句的意义和结构完整，则用that。2.如果从句的意义和结构不完整，则根据从句的意义和结构选择相应的引导词。比较that/what1.Whathewantsisabook.2.Thathewantstogothereisobvious.3.Whathappenedisnotclear.4.ThisisthebestTVthatismadeinChina.定语从句5.ThefirstmuseumthathevisitedinChinawastheHistoryMuseum.定语从句that和what的选用：that和what都可引导主语从句。但是，what除起连接作用外，还在主语从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。而that在主语从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。翻译和分析下列句子：1.Itiswellreportedthatastormiscoming.2.Itistruethattheearthmovesaroundthesun.3.ItisapitythatImissedthetrain.4.Itdoesn’tmatterwhetherhewillcomeornot.5.Itseemsthatitisgoingtorain.6.Ithappenedthattheydidn’tknowmyaddress.归纳：为了使句子保持平衡，常用it来代替主语从句，而把主语从句放到后面，尤其是连词that引导的主语从句常用于此种句式中。常用句型如下：It+be+名词+that从句It+be+形容词+that从句It+be+动词的过去分词+that从句It+be+不及物动词+that从句1.It’slikely/possible/important/necessary/clearthat…很可能/重要的是…/必要的是……/很清楚…2.It’sknown/reported/thought/saidthat…据说/据报道…3.Itseems/appears/happensthat…显然、明显、碰巧.…4.It’sbeenannounced/declaredthat…已经通知/宣布…5.It’snowonderthat…并不奇怪/无疑…6.It’sapity/afact/acommonknowledge(众所周知）/acommonsaying（俗话说）that…主语从句常见错误：下列各句均有一处错误，请改正并分析原因。1.Lighttravelsfasterthansoundiscommonknowledge.改：在is后加that。that虽无词义但引导主语从句位于句首时不能省略。2.Ifshe’scomingornotdoesn’tmattermuch.改：将If变为Whether。if,whether都可表示“是否”,但if不能引导位于主句之前的主语从句，它可以引导位于主句之后带有形式主语it的主语从句。3.Thattheprofessorsaidisofgreatimportance.改：将That改为What。that引导主语从句时无词义，只起一个连接的作用。Whattheprofessorsaid表示“教授所说的”，said后面还需要一个宾语，就只能用what。4.Wherewillthetreesbeplantedhasnotbeendecided.改：将will置于trees之后。主语从句要用陈述句语序。5.Nomatterwhobreakstherulewillbepunished.改：将Nomatterwho变为whoever。引导让步状语从句时二者可互换，但引导名词性从句时只能用whoever。6.Whenandwherethemeetingwillbeheldstillremainaquestion.改：将remain变为remains。主语从句表示单一概念时，谓语要用单数形式。