搜索
Unit1IntroductiontoProcessControlnominalsteady-statevalue标称稳态值specificheat比热specificheatcapacity比热容enthalpy热焓manualcontrol手动控制automaticcontrol自动控制dampout衰减thermalcapacitance热容measuredvariable被测变量manipulatedvariable操作变量disturbancevariable干扰变量controlledvariable被控变量surgecapacities浪涌能力;过载能力processdynamics过程动态equilibriumconditionstransportphenomena传递现象desiredvalues期望值setpoint设定值referencevalue参考值，标称值designvalue设计值nominalvalueprimaryobjective基本目标start-ups开工Shutdowns停工Batchreactor间歇式反应器Semi-batchreactor半间歇式反应器Continuousstirred-tankreactor(CSTR)连续搅拌釜反应器Controlledvariables(CVs)控制变量Manipulatedvariables(MVs)操作变量Disturbancevariables(DVs)扰动变量Temperaturegradient温度梯度heatsinknegativefeedback负反馈positivefeedback正反馈ReadingMaterial1OverviewofControlEngineeringheadpositioner磁头定位器electricpowergenerationanddistributionsystem发电和配电系统DistributedControlSystem分布式控制系统,集散控制系统distributedparametersystem分布参数系统Transmitter发射器,发送器Transducer变送器Transformer变压器variabletransformer可调变压器differentialtransformer差动变压器closed-loopcontrolsystem闭环控制系统monitoringsystem检测系统，监控系统proximitysensor近距离传感器proximityswitch接近开关solenoidswitch电磁开关manualoverride手动操作overridecontrol超弛控制overrideswitch过载开关Controlconfiguration控制组态stabilityaugmentationsystems增稳系统relevantcharacteristics相关特性signalconditioninganddataacquisition信号调理和数据采集straingauge应变仪Operationalamplifiers(op-amps)运算放大器trialanderror试错法ordinarydifferentialequations(ODE’s)常微分方程partialdifferentialequations(PDE’s)偏微分方程transferfunctions传递函数stochasticorprobabilistic随机或概率powerspectrum功率谱spectraldensity谱密度powerspectraldensity功率谱密度energyspectraldensity能量谱密度energyconservation能量守恒modelidentification模式辨识controllaw控制律proportionalplusintegralplusderivative(PID)比例积分微分linearquadraticregulator(LQR)线性二次型调节器estimated-state-feedbackcontroller估计状态反馈控制器linearquadraticGaussian(LQG)线性二次型高斯Self-tuning自整定optimalcontrol最优控制Uinit2WHATISFEEDBACK,ANDWHATAREITSEFFECTS?continuous-dataordiscrete-datasystems连续数字离散数字系统modulatedorunmodulatedsystems调制非调制系统position-controlsystem定位控制系统velocity-controlsystem速度控制系统principleofsuperposition叠加原理time-varying时变time-invariant时不变linearornonlinear线性非线性ReadingMaterial2RootLocusAnalysisRootlocus根轨迹single-inputandsingle-output(SISO)systemmultiple-inputmultiple-output(MIMO)systemsalgebraicequation代数方程characteristicequation特征方程rationalfunction有理函数absolutevalue绝对值modulusLaplacetransforms拉氏变换timedomain时域frequencydomain频域Peak-to-peakamplitude峰峰值Peakamplitude峰值Semi-amplitude峰峰值的一半Rootmeansquareamplitude均方根值phaseplane相平面Unit3undamped不衰减的stabilitycharacteristics稳定性特性dampout衰减oscillatoryresponse振荡响应stepinput阶跃输入inverseLaplacetransform反拉普拉斯变换cubic立方体的,立方的partialfractionexpansion部分因式分解open-loopstable开环稳定open-loopunstable开环不稳定Robustcontrol鲁棒控制Powerseries幂级数self-regulating自调节exothermic放热的endothermic吸热的isothermic等温的sinusoidal正弦的characteristicequation特征方程blockdiagram方框图rationalfunction有理函数pole-zerocancellation零极点相消distinctpoles单一极点Routhstabilitycriterion劳斯稳定判据Padeapproximation帕德近似root-finding寻根imaginaryaxis虚轴necessarycondition必要条件sufficientcondition充分条件Routharray劳斯阵matrixtranspose转置(矩)阵matrixinverse矩阵求逆oddpower奇数幂stabilitycriteria(rion)稳定性判据partialfractionexpansion部分分式法transientdisturbance瞬态扰动adaptivecontrol自适应控制stabilityanalysis稳定性分析steady-stategain稳态增益GeneralStabilityCriterionfrequencyresponseanalysis频率响应分析BodeorNyquiststabilitycriterionUnit3time-domaincharacteristics时域特性timeresponse时间响应time-domainperformancespecifications时域性能指标maximumovershoot超调量risetime上升时间delaytime延迟时间settlingtimefrequencydomaincharacteristics频域特性crucialinformation关键信息phaseshift相位移magnitudecharacteristic幅频特性phasecharacteristic相频特性filteringcharacteristics滤波特性ideallow-passfilter理想低通滤波器cutofffrequency截止频率loopgains回路增益forward-path前向通路resonantpeak谐振峰值transient-responseproperties瞬态响应特性noise-filteringcharacteristics噪音滤波特性CutoffRate截止速率Unit11Introductionsystemidentification系统辨识apriori演绎（由因及果）aposteriori归纳（由果及因）dampingfactor/dampingratio衰减比communicationchannelprobing信道检测faultdiagnosis故障诊断econometrics计量经济学physiology生理学biomedical生物医学的metabolism新陈代谢ecology生态学Sociology社会学completeidentificationproblem完全辨识问题black-boxproblem黑箱问题Partialidentificationproblem部分辨识问题grayboxproblem灰箱问题parameteridentificationproblem参数辨识问题statistical-estimationproblem估计统计问题weightingfunction(orsequence)微分方程differential(ordifference)equation差分方程statevariableequation状态变量方程maximumlikelihood极大似然法leastsquares最小二乘least-squaresmethodInstrumentalvariable辅助变量Unit12MathematicalModel&SystemIdentification