LTE-TDD系统简介LTE基本要求相关协议:25.814下行峰值速率:100Mb/s(20MHz带宽),对应5bps/Hz频谱效率。上行峰值速率:50Mb/s(20MHz带宽),对应2.5bps/Hz频谱效率。峰值速率:带宽5MHz时,每小区至少同时支持200个active的用户。可容纳用户能力:对于低速0至15km/h环境,系统提供最优性能。对于中速15至120km/h环境,系统提供较好的性能。对于高速120km/hto350km/h环境,系统保证通话能力。也考虑高达500km/h环境中的传输。移动性:一般情况,小区半径5km,满足所以的性能要求。小区半径30km时,允许少许性能损失,但仍能提供常规服务。也考虑小区半径高达100km的情况。覆盖范围:支持灵活带宽配置:支持六种带宽配置:1.4MHz,3MHz,5MHz,10MHz,15MHz及20MHz。OFDMsymbolSym0Sym1Sym2Sym3Sym6OFDMsymbol2048+1602048+144Sym0Sym1Sym2Sym3Sym6GPUpPTSDwPTSOneradioframe,Tf=307200Ts=10msOnehalf-frame,153600Ts=5msGPUpPTSDwPTSSubframe#2Subframe#3Subframe#4Subframe#0Subframe#5Subframe#7Subframe#8Subframe#9OneslotTslot=15360TsOnesubframe,30720TsOneslot相关协议:36.211时隙结构:7个OFDM符号s2192T⋅s⋅DwPTSGPUpPTSs24144T⋅s24144T⋅s4384T⋅s4384T⋅上下行业务分配比例:7种下行:上行:LTETDD帧结构Up-downlinkconfigurationDown-UplinkSwitch-pointperiodicitySubframenumber012345678905msDSUUUDSUUU15msDSUUDDSUUD25msDSUDDDSUDD310msDSUUUDDDDD410msDSUUDDDDDD510msDSUDDDDDDD65msDSUUUDSUUDDLsymbNOFDMsymbolsOnedownlinkslotslotT0=l1DLsymb−=NlRBscDLRBNN×subcarriersRBscNsubcarriersRBscDLsymbNN×ResourceblockresourceelementsResourceelement),(lk0=k1RBscDLRB−=NNkLTETDD基本物理单元ResourceBlock:频率上连续的12个子载波,时域上对应1个时隙。这是LTE里调度的最小单元。Resourceelement:RB内的各个时频单元,以(k,l)来表征,k为子载波,l为OFDM符号。LTETDD基本参数ParameterValuein10MHzBWCommentTransmissionbandwidth1.4/3/5/10/15/20MHzCarrierFrequency1.85GHz~2.62GHz3GPPBandclass40(TDD有8种)Subcarrierspacing15kHzSamplingfrequency1.92/3.84/7.68/15.36//23.04/30.72MHzFFTsize128/256/512/1024/1536/2048CPsize80(1stsymbol)72(2~7thsymbol)(以10MHz为例)也有extendedCP情况,每个slot有6个OFMD符号,CP为256Numberofactivesubcarriers72/180/300/600/900/1200RBspersubframe6/15/25/50/75/100OneRB=12subcarriersFramelength10msframestructuretype2forTDDSubframelength1msSlotlength0.5ms相关协议:36.211,36.212,36.104ChannelcodingTurbo/BitetailingCC/BCRatematching1/2,2/3,3/4ModulationQPSK/16QAM/64QAMMIMOschemeTransmitdiversity/PrecodingforlargedelayCDD/withoutCDD/beamformingMultipleusersOFDMA/MU-MIMOTransmit/receiveantenna1×2,1×4(uplink)1×2,1×4,2×2,2×4,4×2,4×4,(downlink)ChannelconditionsMaximumDopplerfrequencyMIMOcorrelationExtendedPedestrian(EPA)5Hz(0,0),(0.3,0.9),(0.9,0.9)ExtendedVehicularA(EVA)70Hz(0,0),(0.3,0.9),(0.9,0.9)ExtendedVehicularA(EVA)300Hz(0,0),(0.3,0.9),(0.9,0.9)ExtendedTypicalUrban(ETU)70Hz(0,0),(0.3,0.9),(0.9,0.9)LTETDD下行物理信道及导频信号相关协议:36.211,36.212PhysicalChannelsModulationSchemeCommentPDSCHQPSK,16QAM,64QAM承载数据PDCCHQPSK控制信息PBCHQPSK系统信息(包括天线配置等)PHICHBPSKACK/NACKPCFICHQPSK确定PDCCH占用的OFDM符号个数PhysicalSignalsSequenceCommentReferenceSignalPN码信道估计SynchronisationSignalsZadoff-Chu(primary)Pseudosequence(secondary)获取帧同步、符号同步及小区IDPhysicalChannelsModulationSchemeCommentPhysicalUplinkSharedChannelPUSCHQPSK,16QAM,64QAM数据传输,控制信令PhysicalUplinkControlChannelPUCCHBPSK/QPSK控制信令(CQI,ACK/NACK)PhysicalRandomAccessChannelZadoff-Chu上行随机接入PhysicalSignalsSequenceCommentReferenceSignalsZadoff-Chu信道估计及探测LTETDD上行物理信道及导频信号相关协议:36.211,36.212注意:PUCCH不与PUSCH同时存在,当不存在上行业务时,控制信令由PUCCH承载发送端信号流程LTETDD下行共享信道:PDSCH1.信源数据(业务数据)2.24位CRC校验码,生成多项式CRC24A3.CRC编码块分割,再加一次24位CRC校验码,生成多项式CRC24B,(若第一次CRC码块长度6144)4.信道编码(Turbo编码,1/3码率,QPP(QuadraturePermutationPolynomial)交织器)5.速率匹配(包括以Turbo块为单位的频域交织及根据HARQ的冗余版本对数据进行打孔或重复)6.比特级加扰(扰码为寄存器长度=31的Golden序列,初始状态与小区的Cell_id,用户的nRNTI及时隙号有关)ChannelcodingRatematchingCRCattachmentMultiplexingandscramblingModulationmapperLayermapperPrecodingResourceelementmapperResourceelementmapperlayersAntennaports1345678910scramblingsequenceGoldsequenceReferencesignalOFDMmodulationOFDMmodulationCPattachmentSub-carriermapperReferencesignalgeneration(0)(0)tot(0),...,(1)bbM−(0)(0)symb(0),...,(1)ddM−(0)(1)()()...()Txixixiυ−=layersymb0,1,...,1iM=−()()...()...Tpyiyi=apsymb0,1,...,1iM=−(0)(0)(0)011,,...,Aaaa−(0)(0)(0)011,,...,Bbbb−(0,)(0,)(0,)01(1),,...,riiirrrDddd−(0)(0)(0)1(1),,...,rrorrEeee−PDSCHdataBlockSegment&SegmentCRCattachment(0)(0)(0)01(1),,...,rrrrKccc−2MultiplexingandscramblingModulationmapperscramblingsequenceGoldsequence()()tot(0),...,(1)qqbbM−()()symb(0),...,(1)qqddM−ChannelcodingRatematchingCRCattachmentPDSCHdataBlockSegment&SegmentCRCattachment()()()1(1),,...,rqqqrorrEeee−()()()011,,...,qqqAaaa−()()()011,,...,qqqBbbb−()()()01(1),,...,rqqqrrrKccc−(,)(,)(,)01(1),,...,rqiqiqirrrDddd−CodewordsPMI&CQIreportfromUplink117.调制(采用QPSK,16QAM、64QAM)8.层映射及预编码处理a.层映射:即将1个或2个传输块TB的数据串并变换为M并行数据流,M为层数。M必须小于等于发送天线数。对于基于码书的Precoding中,M需小于等于接收天线数以保证左伪逆的存在。b.对各个层的数据,进行相应的预编码处理。在LTE中,所有的MIMO方式均可表示为一个预编码矩阵与原始信号的相乘,不同MIMO方式,其预编码矩阵不同。包括SFBC,CodebookprecodingwithCDDorwithoutCDD。9.资源块的映射(包括数据的子载波映射,并对导频信号做相同的子载波映射,导频与数据满足时分的关系)10.IFFT变换11.加入同步时隙,成帧(加入DwPTS,UpPTS)ChannelcodingRatematchingCRCattachmentMultiplexingandscramblingModulationmapperLayermapperPrecodingResourceelementmapperResourceelementmapperlayersAntennaports1345678910scramblingsequenceGoldsequenceReferencesignalOFDMmodulationOFDMmodulationCPattachmentSub-carriermapperReferencesignalgeneration(0)(0)tot(0),...,(1)bbM−(0)(0)symb(0),...,(1)ddM−(0)(1)()()...()Txixixiυ−=layersymb0,1,...,1iM=−()()...()...Tpyiyi=apsymb0,1,...,1iM=−(0)(0)(0)011,,...