Lockout Tagout Training上锁挂牌培训

Lockout/TagoutTrainingforAuthorizedEmployees授权员工的上锁挂牌培训EHSManagementMarch17,2008InjuriesOccurDuringtheMaintenance维修过程的伤害•Injurieswhileservicingequipmentrevealed:–80%failedtoturnoffequipment–10%equipmentactivatedbysomeoneelse–5%failedtocontrolpotentialenergy–Mostofremaining5%disconnectedpowerbutfailedtoverifyeffectiveness维修过程发生的伤害80%设备没有关断10%设备意外由他人启动5%潜在的能量释放5%没有有效的验证能量隔离WhatisLOTO?什么是上锁挂牌•“LOTO”isatechniqueusedtopreventenergyfrombeingreleasedduringtheservicingofequipment.Thisisaccomplishedbyplacinglocksonenergyisolationdevicespriortostartingwork.•上锁挂牌：在维修工作开始之前，锁定能量的隔离装置，防止维修过程中的能量意外释放。StudieshaveshownthatHazardousEnergyControlProgramscanreduceinjuryratesby25to50percent.研究表明危险能量的控制程序可以减少25-50％的伤害。TypesofHazardousEnergy危险能量的形式•WhattypesofhazardousenergyaresubjecttoLOTO?•需要上锁挂牌的能量•Electrical电能•Pneumatic气动系统•Hydraulic液压系统•Mechanical机械能•Thermal热能•Chemical化学能•Radiation辐射•Steam蒸汽•Spring-Driven弹性势能•SuspendedParts悬空部件PotentialEnergyvs.KineticEnergy势能与动能Potentialenergycanbeconvertedtokinetic!GoalofLOTOistoachieve“ZeroEnergyState”势能可以转化为动能，上锁挂牌的目的就是达到能量的“零”状态。WhenisLOTOapplied?适用范围•Adjusting调试•Inspecting检查•Modifying维修•Lubricating润滑•Cleaning清洗•Replacingparts更换零件“…duringtheservicingofequipment”.设备的维修保养过程ExceptionstoLOTO无需上锁挂牌的工作•Normalproductionoperations正常运转•Routine,repetitivetoproduction日常/重复性的维修活动•Guards/safetydevicesnotbypassed安全保护装置没有取消•Bodypartnotplacedinthepointofoperationorotherdangerousareaduringmachinecycle设备运行时，身体的任何部分不会暴露在危险中•Needtousealternativemeasuresforprotection•有替代的保护措施•Cord&plugconnectedequipment设备临时的插接•Plugisonlysourceofenergy在能量源的插接•Plugisundercontinuouscontrolofoneperson插接受控EnergyIsolationDevices能量的隔离装置Examples:•Electricaldisconnectswitch•Electricalbreakerswitch•Hydraulicvalve•Pneumaticvalve电气隔离开关电气断路器液压阀门气阀Pushbuttons,selectorswitches,andothercontrolcircuitdevicesareNOTenergyisolationdevices.按钮，选择开关，或其他回路的控制装置不是能量隔离装置。Devicethatphysicallypreventsthetransmissionorreleaseofenergy防止能量传动或释放的装置LOTOBasics锁定的基本概念Allemployeesfitintooneofthefollowing每个人都可能是其中之一LOTOroles职责:“Authorizedemployee”授权员工•Servicesequipment&authorizedtoapplyLOTO.•授权锁定设备的员工“Affectedemployee”受影响员工•OperatesorusesequipmentbeingservicedunderLOTO.•被锁定设备的操作者“Otheremployee”其他员工•WorksinanareawhereLOTObeingused.•其他区域工作的员工LOTOBasics锁定的基本概念•PreferredmeansofcontrollinghazardousenergyatisLOCKOUTINCONJUNCTIONWITHTAGOUT.•锁与标牌共同使用是控制能量的首选方式•Eachisolationpointmusthavebothalock•andatagattachedtoit.•每一隔离点必须有锁和牌。•Locksmustbestandardized&usedonlyforLOTO.•锁必须统一，并只能用于锁定设备。•Tagsmustindicatelockholder&dateofapplication.•标牌需标明持有者和使用的日期。GeneralLOTOProcedure锁定的步骤STEP1IDEnergySources能源识别STEP2NotifyOthers通知员工STEP4IsolateEquipment隔离设备STEP5LOTOEquipment锁定设备STEP3ShutdownEquipment关断设备STEP6ReleaseStoredEnergy释放储存能量STEP7VerifyIsolation验证隔离STEP8PerformServicing进行维修STEP9ReleasefromLOTO取消锁定Step1:IDAllEnergySources第一步：能量识别•Knowtypes&magnitudeofenergyassociatedwithequipment.•IDallenergysourcesfeedingtheequipment(includingpotentialenergy).•Gatherappropriatecontroldevices.•Clarifyanyquestionableidentificationofenergysourcesbeforeproceeding.•了解设备相关能量的形式和容量•识别所有驱动设备的能量（包括势能）•适当的控制装置•标明有问题的能源Step2:NotifyOthers第二步：通知员工•Verballynotifyall“affected”and“other”employeesofimpendingshutdown.•口头通知所有“受影响”和“其他员工”，即将停止设备。Step3:ShutDownEquipment第三步：关断设备•Usenormalstoppingprocedurestoshutdownequipment.•Push“Stop”button,opentoggleswitch,etc.•按正常停机程序，关断设备•按下“停止”按钮Step4:IsolateEquipment第四步：隔离设备•Aftershutdown,operateallenergyisolationdevicessoequipmentisdisconnectedfromenergysources.•Turnelectricaldisconnectto“OFF”position;opencircuitbreaker;closevalve,etc.•关断完毕，用隔离装置将设备与能量源隔离。•电气隔离装置位于“停”的位置，电路断路器打开，关闭阀门。Step5:LOTOtheEquipment第五步：锁定设备•Attachlocks&devicestoeachisolationpoint.•Tagmustaccompanyeachlock.•逐一设备的隔离点上锁•每个锁上要挂标签Step6:ReleaseStoredEnergy第六步：释放储存能量•Ensureallpotentialorresidualenergyiscontrolled.确保设备潜在的或储存的能量已经得到控制。Blockelevatedparts.固定悬挂部件Block/releasesprings.固定/释放弹性势能Relievesystempressure.释放压力Drainfluids.排空流体Ventgases.排空气体Allowsystemtocool.系统冷却Dischargecapacitors.放电Stoprotatingflywheels.停止旋转的飞轮Step7:VerifyIsolation验证隔离•Beforeanyservicingbegins,verifyeffectivenessofLOTO.•Usenormalstartingprocedureorotherwiseverify“ZeroEnergyState”.•Returncontrolsto“OFF”positionaftertesting.•Verificationisthestepwhichismostfrequentlyskippedduringevaluations.•在工作开始前，验证上锁挂牌程序•按正常程序启动设备或验证能量“零”状态•测试完毕，恢复到停止状态•验证隔离是最容易遗漏的步骤Step8:PerformServicing进行维修•Completerequiredservicework.•Avoiddoinganythingthatcouldpotentiallyreactivatetheequipment.•完成维修工作•避免任何重新启动设备的可能Step9:LOTORelease第九步：取消锁定•Alllocks,tags,&devicesremovedbysamepersonwhoapplied.•Removealltoolsfromequipmentarea.•Replaceallmachineguards.•Verballyinformall“affected”&“other”employeesthatLOTOiscomplete.•Ensureareaisclearpriortorestart.•必须严格执行“谁挂锁，谁去锁”•清除所有设备现场的维修工具•安全防护装置的复位•口头通知“受影响员工”和“其他员工”上锁挂牌程序解除•启动设备前，确保现场干净SpecialSituations特殊情况•GroupLOTO集体锁定–Eachemployeeappliesownlocks/tagstoeachisolationpoint.–每一参与维修的员工都在隔离点挂锁•Shiftchanges换班–Outgoingemployeeattachesthegenerallockreplaceownlock.–下班员工挂上公用锁，替下自己的锁。–Oncomingemployeeattachesownlocks/tagsreturnt