便携式旋转机械状态监测系统的设计――基于振动信号的分析

成都理工大学硕士学位论文便携式旋转机械状态监测系统的设计——基于振动信号的分析姓名：周李良申请学位级别：硕士专业：测试计量技术及仪器指导教师：孙未20090501I——19838200906A/DUSBII/ADCUSBUSB3DUSBAbstractIIIThedesignoftheportablerotatingmachineryconditionmonitoringsystemBaseontheanalysisofvibrationsignalIntroductionoftheauthor:Zhouliliang,male,wasborninAugust,1983whosetutorwasProfessorSunwei.HegraduatedfromChengduUniversityofTechnologyinTesting&MeasureTechnologyandApparatusmajorandwasgrantedtheMasterEngineeringDegreeinJune,2009.AbstractRotatingmachineryiswidelyappliedinallwalksoflife,manyofwhicharethemostkeyequipmentsoftheproductionprocessandthemainobjectsfortheenterprisetocarryouttheconditionmonitoring.Strengthenthediagnosisandmonitoringoftheseapparatusisofgreatsignificance,suchasmakingsuretheefficientoperation,increasingtheproduction,improvingtheproductqualityandimprovingtheeconomicefficiencyofenterprise.Whiletraditionalequipmentvibrationmonitoringsystemisanindependentdiagnostictestingdevice,whichiscomposedofthesensors,signalprocessingcircuits,testresultsshowandcontrolpanel.Themainfunctionissignalacquisitionandcontrol,analysisandprocessing,expressionofresultsandoutput.Thesefunctionsaregivenbytheequipmentmanufacturers,areallachievedbyhardwarecircuitsandfirmwareandgenerallyinfixedconstitution.Itisthefunctionformofhardwarethatdeterminedthetraditionalfaultdiagnosesystemisofpoorflexibility,whichcanbedefined,manufacturedandmaintainedonlybyequipmentmanufacturers,butuserscannotchangeitsstructureandfunctionarbitrarily.Inaddition,becauseofthehighcostofthedevelopmentandmaintenanceoftraditionalfaultdiagnosissystem,thelongperiodofthedevelopmentandtechnologyupdate,thesystemisverydifficulttoworkwiththeotherapparatusandusuallyworkindependentlyandmanually.Ithaslimitationsobviouslyandisinconvenienttouseonthecomplexandmulti-parameteroccasions.There’salargeamountofinformationintherunningcourseofrotatemachinerydeviceswhichcanhelppeopletojudgetherunningstatesofallkindsofrotatemachinery.Baseontheabove,arotatingmachinerystatemonitoringsystembasedonvibrationanalysiswasdesignedanddeveloped,whichisavirtualmachineinasense.Itconsistedofcomputer,applicationsoftwareandapparatushardware.ThecomputerhardwareandIVapparatushardwarewereorganicintegratedbythesoftware,combinedthestrongdataprocessingandanalysiscapacityofcomputerandthemeasurementandcontrolcapacityofapparatustogether.Thedataprocessing,display,storageandwaveanalysiswereachievedbytheapplicationsoftware.Thethoughtofthesystemisthat,collectingthevibrationsignalbyvibrationsensorintheoperationofrotatingmachineryequipment,filteringandmagnifyingbyhardwarecircuits,A/Dconverting,andthenprocessingthedataafteritwasuploadedtothecomputerthroughtheUSBinterface.ThePCcansetthecorrespondingparametersofdatacollector,suchassamplerate,thenumberofchannels,etc.Theanalysisandprocessingofsignalandtherelativewaveformanalysisdiagramwereachievedbytheapplicationsoftware.Thenthroughtherelativewaveformanalysisandspectrumanalysisjudgingtheconditionofthemachineryequipment.Themaincontentofthispaperincludes:Firstly,discusseddeeplyofthecommoncauseofmalfunction,thevibrationcharacteristicandmeansofvibrationdiagnosistorotatingmachinery,introducedtheapproachesoftimedomainandfrequencydomainanalysisofvibrationsignal,proposedthedesignidea.Secondly,thehardwaredesignofthesystemwasintroduced.Thedesignideaofmaster-slavesingle-chipstoworktogetherwastaken,themastersingle-chipcontrolthemainsystemhardwareandtheslavesingle-chipcontrolthecollectionofdata,thepurposeofwhichistoimprovethespeedandtheprecisionofthedatacollection.Filtercircuitdesign,amplifycircuitdesign,ADCunitdesign,controlunitdesignandUSBinterfaceunitdesignwereintroducedindetail.Afterward,thesystemfirmwareprogrammingandthefunctionmodulesofapplicationsoftwarewereintroduced.Thesystemfirmwareprogramconsistsofthesingle-chipcontrolprogram,theinterruptprogramandUSBcommunicationprogram,etc.Thefunctionmodulesofsystemconsistsoftimedomaingraph,spectrumgraph,3Dwaterfallchart,detailedspectralanalysis,cepstrumanalysis,autocorrelationanalysisandBodeplots.Atlast,therotatingmonitoringsystemwastested.Itshowsthedesignofthesystemwassuccessful,andthesystemcanmonitorthevibrationsignalofvariouskindsoflargerotatingmachineryequipments,canfindthefailuresofkindsofmachineryequipments,withthevirtuesoffastresponse,lowcost,highreliabilityandstableperformance.Keywords:RotatingmachineryConditionmonitoringVibrationSignalUSB1111.120[1-4]——1985122919861988199819701972Kainan600MW1821971300MW1973600MW200MW480[4-7]75%25%50%0.52.32.79.58%11.25%6%7%121152201920[3,8]1.21.2.1FENMSterotechnologylogisticsTPMWHEC(WestinghouseElectricCorporation)BentlySPIREIRD(InternationalResearchDevelopmentMechanalysis)IQ2000SPMMHMS13MHM[3-4,9]1.2.319831983ZJCY85RMDRD-20PDM200CMD-3KBSEDDE-STETHYLENES8000MD3900[3,10-11]1.345[12]1.41RS232RS485215USB/123456622.1[13]1(1)(2)23(3)(1/21/3)(4)(3849)(5)(5Hz)(6)(10kHz)2(1)()(2)(3)3(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)()(6)(7)(8)(9)27(10)4(1)()(2)()(3)(4)()(5)()()—2.2[13]2.2.1()2.2.2()2.2.318“”2()332.3()[13]2.3.130[13]1292123312342-12-1abcd10()()060nfHz=2-12-10f——(Hz)n——(minr)2-21f2-22-31