溶胶-凝胶法的基本原理-发展及应用现状

:2008-04-28:(:2007kp10):(1982-),,,,:,E2mail:[e-mail]:1004-9533(2009)03-0273-052王,李晨,徐博(,232001):2,Sol2Gel,2:2;;;:TQ427:ABasicPrinciple,AdvanceandCurrentApplicationSituationofSol2GelMethodWANGJuan,LIChen,XUBo(HuainanNormalUniversity,Huainan232001,AnhuiProvince,China)Abstract:Sol2gelmethodisamethodformaterialpreparationundermildcondition.Inthispaper,basicprinciplesofsol2gelmethodandthemainsteparebrieflydescribed,theapplicationandtheprospectsfordevelopmentofsol2gelmethodintheofpreparationprocesscompoundmaterialsarediscussed.Keywords:sol2gelmethod;principle;development;application2(Sol2Gel,S2G),,,,,,,,2,[1],2,(Tc)[2]1Sol2Gel111Sol2Gel:1):Mz+M(H2O)z+n,,H+M(H2O)z+nM(H2O)n21(OH)(z21)+H+2):,M(OR)nM(OR)n+xH2O=M(OH)x(OR)n2x+xROH)M(OH)n3):,a)20095May2009CHEMICALINDUSTRYANDENGINEERING263Vol.26No.3)M)OH+HO)M)=)M)O)M)+H2Ob))M)OR+HO)M)=)M)O)M)+ROH1122:1)2,,,,;2),,;3),,,,,,;4),-,:;;-,;;;,,,:,,;,;-2Sol2GelSol2Gel11Sol2Gel2,2Sol2GelSol2GelSol2Gel,2112Sol2GelpH,11;21;31,Sol2Gel11;21;31;41Sol2Gel11;21;31211,,1):R=27420095n(H2O)Bn[M(OR)n],R015~110,,,1nm,,;(R\100),,,2):,,,,,H3O+,,,,;OH-,,,,,,,3):,,,,,4)[3]:,(),,;,,,,,5):,6):,;,,,7):,,;2122(hydrogel),(alcogel)(aerogel),(precipitate),:(cluster),,,,,,,NewtonBingham,Sol2Gel,pH(),OH-,,,,,,()(22),2[4],,,,,,,[5],,,,[6],275263:2213213113:;;,,,,,,,,,,,,21312[7]2,21313,,:,,,,,21314,,,,:;;,[8]21315DCCA[9](dryingcontrolchemicaladditives,DCCA),DCCA,[7],,DCCA,,,214,4:2,,,265~300e()OR),300e()OH)(CO2H2OROH),()OR),,,,,,,32,LiTaO2LiNbO3PbTiO3Pb(ZiTi)O3BaTiO3[10],[11]SiO22TiO2,,;InO32SnO2(ITO);SiO227620095,;;TiO2PC2Al2O3,[12]4,2:1):;,,;,;()2)Sol2Gel2EISA(evaporation2inducedself2assembly)[13]2,2,:[1]BRINKERCJ.SCHERERGW.Sol2GelScience:ThePhysicsandChemistryofSol2GelProcessing[M].SanDiego:AcademicPress,1990.[2]MOUGANIET,MORAMM,SUMNERJ,etal.Chemicalandphysicalanalysisofacetate2oxidesol2gelprocessingroutesfortheY2Ba2Cu2Osystem[J].JournalofSol2GelScienceandTechnology,2005,36(1):87-94.[3],.[M].:,1998.[4],.2[J].,1993,11(2):56-63.[5]DAOUDM.Randomlybranchedpolymers[J].JPhys,1990,68:1094-1098.[6]CHIUYY,LEELJ.Microgelformationinthefree2radicalcross2linkingpolymerizationofethylene2glycoldimethacrylate(EGDMA).112.Experimental[J].JPolymSci,1995,33:257-267,269-283.[7]MUKHERJCCSP.InUltrastructureProcessingofAdvancedCeramics[M].NewYork:Wiely2interscience,1988.[8]..[J],1994(9):44-45.[9]ZEHLG.BISCHOFFS.Controlofthespecificsurface2areaofsilicabyasol2gelprocessusing22methylpentane22,42diol[J].JMatterChem,1995,5:1893-1897.[10]TOHGEN.Preparationofhigh2Tcsuperconductingoxide2filmsinthebi2(Pb)2Ca2Sr2Cu2Osystemfromstabilizedmetal2alkoxides[J].JNon2CrystSolids,1990,121:443-447.[11]SAKKAS.sol2gelprocessingofinsulating,electroconductingandsuperconductingfibers[J].JNon2CrysSolids,1990,121:417-423.[12]CHOIJ,BANJY,CHOUNGSJ,etal.Sol2gelsynthesis,characterizationandphotocatalyticactivityofmesoporousTiO2PC2Al2O3granules[J].JournalofSol2GelScienceandTechnology,2007,44:21-28.[13]BRINKERCJ.Evaporation2inducedself2assembly:functionalnanostructuresmadeeasy[J].MRSBulletin,2004,29(9):631-640.277263:2