公共采购中的信息技术

InformationTechnologyinPublicProcurement公共采购中的信息技术JeffWoodhamsIT信息技术Targets目标notification通告purchasingcards采购卡EDI电子商务tendering招标TargetsforITinPublicProcurement公共采购中信息技术的目标Europe欧洲UK英国GoingElectronic通过电子途径SIMAPandOtherInitiativesbyJeffWoodhamsOJECNotices欧盟官方通告020,00040,00060,00080,000100,000120,000140,00019921993199419951996NumberInformationonContracts合同信息Publiccontractsannouncedin公共采购信息发布在OfficialJournal-OJECCD-ROM欧盟官方通告TendersElectronicDaily-TED招标电子日报SIMAPEuroInfoCentres欧洲信息中心tradeassociations贸易协会chambersofcommerce商会otherservicesbysubscription(egContraxWeekly)其他刊物SIMAPProjectsSIMAP项目Notification通告dissemination传播marketmonitoringandanalysis市场调查和分析informationexchangebetweenpurchasersandsuppliers采购方与供应方的信息交换SIMAPBenefitsSIMAP的好处automatictranslation自动翻译nopostaldelays无邮政延误automaticreplies自动回复costsavings节约费用SIMAPSIMAPSCUSCUNoticesstatisticsenquirersesp.SMEsCommissionOPOCETEDFutureinEurope欧洲的未来standardsforhighvolumetransactions为大批量交易设置的标准pilotsforSMEs在SMEs方面的领先者Sweden瑞典Norway挪威Finland芬兰France法国constructionindustryinitiatives(egLatham)建筑工业提出的Standards标准alluserstohaveauniqueaddress所有用户使用唯一的地址addressingusesX400地址使用X400securitytoallowcheapencryption加密保证安全authenticationtoproveorigin鉴定原始来源proofofreceipt单据证明timelockfortenders为招标者锁定时间ProcureNetorInternet?采购网或英特网PurchasingCards采购卡worklikecreditcards如信用卡“super”pettycash资金量不大coversimpletransactions包括简单的交易issuedtoendusers发放给使用者penaltiesforabuse惩罚滥用者feedbackonspendisweak花费反馈不好PurchasingSystems采购系统canbetailoredtotheneedsofthepurchaser可以按采购者需要定做canbelimitedtocertainsuppliers可以限制在一定的供应商canbelimitedtocertainproducts可以限制一定的商品makelifeeasyforend-usersandprocurementdepartmentsalike简化最终用户和采购部门工作providedetailedanalysisofspend提供详细的开支分析orderscanbesentelectronically订货可以在网上进行ElectronicProcurement网上采购JeffWoodhamsWhichAspectsBenefit?哪些方面可以受益Highvolumetransactions大批量交易invoices发货单calloffs取消deliveryadvice交货方式purchaseorders订单highcomplexity复杂性高drawings绘图TypicalInvoicePattern10501003006008001k1.5k2k2.5k3k5k10k10kInvoiceamountin050,000100,000150,000200,000NoofinvoicesExternalinvoicesreceivedby5Swedishlocalauthorities-total620065invoicesPre-ContractMessages合同开始前信息callforcompetitionexpressionofinterestinformationrequiredinformation&certificatesrequestforrules&criteriarules&criteriadecisiononqualification&reasonsifrejectedselectionoftenderlistenquirydocumentationrequestsforadditionaldocumentsadditionaldocumentsrequestsforclarificationadditionalinformationtenderstenderassessmentrequestforclarificationresponsecontractawardPURCHASERSUPPLIERSPostContractMessages合同后期信息readyfordeliverydeliverycominginvoiceprogressreportsrequestforquoteforvariationquotationforcost&timevariationinstructionnotificationofclaimeventmitigationinstructionscostsclaimedrequestforclarificationclarificationdecisiononclaimcertificationofworkpaymentnotificationofdefectsfinalcertificatePURCHASERSUPPLIERLegalValidity法律有效性NoprobleminUK英国没有问题burdenofproof验证负担security安全性authenticity真实性serialnumbers序号separatelegalagreementmaybedesirableessentialbetweencountries在各国间要求有法定协议VerticalMarkets市场Automotiveindustry-Odette汽车工业constructionindustry建筑工业retailing零售业healthcare保健EDIinCarIndustry汽车工业的电子商务rawmaterialcomponentsuppliersub-assemblysuppliercarmakerdealersub-assemblysuppliercomponentsupplierrawmaterialrawmaterialEDIinConstructionIndustry建筑工业的电子商务sub-sub-contractorsub-contractormaincontractorclientengineersurveyorarchitectsub-contractorsub-sub-contractorEDIinRetailIndustry零售业的电子商务packagingingredientscarrierssuppliersuppliercarriersretailerstorestoreClosedSystemssupplierXsupplierYproprietarysystemAcustomersupplierproprietarysystemCretailerSretailerTproprietarysystemBproprietarysystemDEUProcurementDirectives欧盟采购指令Cover包括-centralgovernment中央政府localgovernment地方政府utilitycompanies公共事业require要求-advertisingofneeds公布需求nodiscrimination非歧视openspecifications公开技术规范objectiveassessment客观评估EUProcurementDirectives欧盟采购指令avoidingdiscriminationmeans避免歧视方法openEDI公开电子商务&cheapentrycosts参加费低廉Projects项目characteristics-特征lowvolume量小highvalue价值高highcomplexity高度复杂longtimescales时间长subjecttovariations可能发生变更Projects项目Challenges挑战consistentinformation前后一致的信息managinginformation信息管理allpartiesmustbeabletoaccessinformation所有人能够进入信息系统accesstoinformationonsite在现场获取信息nothomebase不在总部potentiallyhostileenvironment潜在不利的环境下Internetdatapath数据路径Supplier供应商Purchaser采购者EEG12PublicProcurementEEG12公共采购noticestoOPOCE通知OPOCEqualificationofsuppliers供应商资格审查electronicenquiryandtendering电子询问和招标ElectronicProcurement电子采购seamlessmatchingofneedsandoffers完全符合采购者的要求fast迅速secure安全authenticated验证reliable可靠EEG12StudyEEG12研究concentrateonsimple?purchases集中在简单采购上startwithenquiryandtender以询问和招标开始considerprocessinseveralcountries考虑不同国家的程序covernon-EDIelectronicsolutions包括非电子商务的电子解决方案ExistingEDI当前的电子商务REQOTEandQUOTES重新报价somechangesarenecessary作一些必要的改变pilotbeforechangerequestsstart在改变要求之前进行试点Directives-NeedforChange指令需要改变qualificationsystemforpublicsector资格认证体系frameworkagreementsessentialforall框架协议minimumtimelimitsshouldbeabolishedforele