基于景观格局的三峡库区生态脆弱性评价

2310201010ResearchofEnvironmentalSciencesVol.23No.10Oct.20101221221.1008752.100012.RSGIS2.①、、、.②.③———Ⅰ0.171500≤EVI0.191225Ⅱ0.191225≤EVI0.210950Ⅲ0.210950≤EVI0.230675Ⅳ0.230675≤EVI≤0.250400.ⅢⅣ、..X321A1001－6929201010－1268－06LandscapePattern-BasedEco-EnvironmentVulnerabilityAssessmentofThreeGorgesReservoirAreaWANGLi-jing12XIChun-yan2FUQing12SUYi-bing21.CollegeofWaterSciencesBeijingNormalUniversityBeijing100875China2.RiverandCoastalEnvironmentResearchCenterChineseResearchAcademyofEnvironmentalSciencesBeijing100012ChinaAbstractTheThreeGorgesReservoirAreaisregardedasasensitiveandvulnerableeco-environmentregioninChina.Assessmentofecologicalvulnerabilityissignificanttoitseco-environmentalvulnerabilitycharacteristicsanalysisandproblemsidentification.BasedonRSandGIStechnologywithconsiderationoflandscapepatternandregionalecologyavulnerabilityassessmentoftheThreeGorgesReservoirAreawasconducted.Theresultsshowthat①Vulnerableoflandscapetypesfromhightolowerisbuildinglandwaterareaforestlanddrylandgrasslandandpaddyfield.②Significantcorrelationisfoundbetweenlandscapefragmentationandregionaleco-environmentvulnerability.Thisindicatesthathumanactivityhasproduceddramaticinterferencewiththeenvironment.③Thevulnerableeco-zoneoftheThreeGorgesReservoirAreacanbedividedintofoursubzonesnamelyzoneⅠ0.171500≤EVI0.191225zoneⅡ0.191225≤EVI0.210950zoneⅢ0.210950≤EVI0.230675andzoneⅣ0.230675≤EVI≤0.250400.ZonesⅢandⅣwithhighvulnerabilityaremainlydistributedinthewaterareaanditsbufferzonehighaltitudeandsteepareasandtheKarstlandscapearea.Topographyisidentifiedasanimportantelementleadingtovulnerabilityhoweverhumanbehavioristhedecisivefactorcausingseriousdegradationofecologicalenvironment.KeywordsThreeGorgeseco-environmentvulnerabilityassessmentlandscapep[e-mail]..1.、、2-8.、、、EFI、、9-12.、.1013、、、4-614.、....2RSGIS.15.79×104km2164175m1084km2145m302km2.、、800～1800m.17～19℃1045～1140mm.①、.、15.②..③.、.④.200622226.4km20.109hm2.、、、.、、.、、16.22.1TM30mDEM1∶250000.RSGIS2007TM、、、、、.1∶250000DEM、.2.2、、17..18-19Patch－LevelIndex、Class－LevelIndex、Landscape－LevelIndex3、3.20.3.21.Si=Σi1ni/Ai1962123SinAhm2.0～101.22.Fi=Di/Si2Di=1/2ni/A槡i3Si=Ai/A4FDSAiihm2..Di=1/2ki5log2Li/4=kilog2Ai+c6DkLmc.0.5～110.523.2.3、、STiSWi13.STiSWiSi=Σnj=1AijAiCij7jSSTSWAijijhm2Cijij.Cij135791.2.4、CEVI.EVI.CEVIEVI4-613-14.CEVI=α·S+β·F+γ·D+δ·ST+ε·SW8EVI=Σni=1AiACEVIi9CEVIαβγδεSFD、、STSW、EVI.33.1ARCGISEXCEL、、、、.、CEVIEVI.αβγδε0.20570.16510.09420.28880.2462.11Table1VulnerabilityanalysisofdifferentlandscapetypesintheThreeGorgesReservoirArea0.00680.01140.03770.19870.47860.25420.42892.16560.04110.00770.00210.01260.74100.71230.71220.68440.68470.68740.11390.16790.13110.21660.20480.14420.36000.13140.15030.11240.10330.05060.26350.50780.15650.19680.24790.17320721103...、、.、、.5-6.、、、.、.、、、、.、、、、.3.2SPSS.2、、、.2Table2CorrelationbetweenlandscapeandecologyvulnerabilityindicesdemonstrationbyPearsoncorrelationcoefficient1－0.541－0.806*0.435－0.448－0.3580.93610.4080.0320.0440.967－0.421－0.5480.766*0.328－0.6341－0.5890.1360.47810.073－0.291－0.205..、..80×104、、.3.3、8km×8km460.1721231.1Fig.1Divisionofregionaleco-environmentalvulnerabilityzonesinThreeGorgesReservoirArea5-64、Ⅰ0.171500≤EVI0.191225Ⅱ0.191225≤EVI0.210950Ⅲ0.210950≤EVI0.230675Ⅳ0.230675≤EVI≤0.250400.Ⅰ5343km29.23%Ⅱ23347km240.32%.ⅠⅡ.Ⅰ.Ⅱ、.Ⅱ.Ⅲ19721km234.06%.、.、.Ⅳ9489km216.39%.、..4a.、、3.、、.、、、..b.、、0.7660.9670.936－0.806.、.、.、、..c.2...References1.J.200321521-25.2.J.2009203639-646.3.J.272110200820155-71.4.J.2005223317-321.5.J.20072741257-1264.6.J.2009273261-266.7.J.2008215117-123.8.J.2009226753-756.9.J.2002171117-122.10.J.200524101192-1196.11.J.199817167-72.12.J.1999259-63.13.J.2003252270-275.14.J.200921292-96.15.J.2009188783-788.16.J.200422254-58.17.J.2003233264-270.18OLSENERRAMSEYRDWINNDS.AmodifiedfractaldimensionasameasureoflandscapediversityJ.PhotogrammetricEngineering＆RemoteSensing1993591517-1520.19HAINES-YOUNGRHCHOPPINGM.QuantifyinglandscapestructureareviewoflandscapeindicesandtheirapplicationtoforestedlandscapesJ.ProgressinPhysicalGeography199620418-445.20.J.2008273246-254.21.J.2003142314-316.22.J.20061791665-1670.23.J.1996515454-462.3721