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1Name/CNNameWriter'sFeaturesWritings/CNWritingsWriting'sFeaturesEnglishLiteratureTheRenaissancePeriod1.age:1500-16602.background:stimulatedbytherediscoveryofancientRomanandGreekclassic;England'sGoldenAge,especiallyinliterature;theChurchofEnglandbrokeawayfromtheCatholicChurch3.features:(1)Newpoeticalformsintroduced,e.g.blankverseandsonnet;(2)theEnglishdramabaseditselfonthemodelsofRomanandGreekclassicsandtheprecedentsfromItalyandSpain(3)theuniversaltendofhumanisminemphasizingman'sdignityandhisworldlyhappinessWilliamShakespeare威廉.莎士比亞Thegreatestplaywrightandthemostpopularsonnetwriter;acreationofcharacters;skillfulplotconstruction;irony;agooduseofalanguage;skilledinvariouspoeticforms;ofthreequatrainsandacouplet(三节四行诗加一节偶句);nationalunityunderamightyandjustsovereignisanecessity—“TheKing’sgovernmentmustbecarriedon”(在一个强大英明的君主统治下的国家，统一是非常必要的)(Eachherohashisweeknessofnature:Hamlet,themelancholicscholar-prince,facesthedilemmabetweenactionandmind;Othello’sinnerweaknessismadeuseofbytheoutsideevilforce;theoldkingLearwhoisunwillingtototallygiveuphispowermakeshimselfsufferfromtreacheryandinfidelity;andMacbeth’slustforpowerstirsuphisambitionandleadshimtoincessantcrimes.)literatureshouldbeacombinationofbeauty,kindnessandtruth,andshouldreflectnatureandrealitySonnets十四行詩TheMerchantofVenice威尼斯商人Hamlet哈姆雷特(VenusandAdonis维纳斯和安东尼斯;TheRapeofLucrece鲁克丽斯受辱记;romantictragicomedies浪漫悲喜剧;RomeoandJuliet;Shakespeare'sgreatesttragediesare:Hamlet,Othello,KingLear,andMacbeth)1.154poems;Englishform2.ThetraditionalthemeoftheplayistopraisethefriendshipbetweenAntonioandBassanio,toidealizePortiaasaheroineofgreatbeauty,witandloyalty,andtoexposetheinsatiablegreedandbrutalityoftheJew.ManypeopletodaytendtoregardtheplayasasatireoftheChristians'hypocrisyandtheirfalsestandardsoffriendshipandlove,theircunningwaysofpursuingworldlinessandtheirunreasoningprejudiceagainstJews(Shylock).3.Amanofcontemplationratherthanaction;hasthequalitiesofa“blood-and-thunder”thrillerandaphilosophicalexplorationoflifeanddeathJohnMilton約翰.彌爾頓Aversatilewriter;fightforfreedominallaspectsasaChristianhumanistParadiseLost失樂園Satan,afterbeingdefeatedinhisrebelagainstGod,temptsAdamandEvetoeattheapplesfromtheForbiddenTree,andcausestheFallofManTheNeoclassicalPeriod21.age:1660-17982.background:TheEnglishsocietyoftheneoclassicalperiodwasaturbulentone.FastdevelopmentofEnglandasanation;theAgeofEnlightenmentortheAgeofReason3.features:(1)afurtheranceoftheRenaissance–theEnlightenmentMovement,advocateduniversaleducation(2)reason,eternaltruth,eternaljustice,eternalequalitywaswhathumansocietyshouldseekfor;advocateduniversaleducation(3)revivingtheinterestinoldclassicalworks(neoclassicism)(4)keeptoorder,logic,restrainedemotionandaccuracy(5)hadspecificrulesforalmosteverygenreofliteratureDanielDefoe丹尼爾.笛弗Averygoodstory-teller;hissentencesaresometimesshort,crispandplain,andsometimeslongandrambling,whichleaveonthereaderanimpressionofcasualnarrationSmooth\easy\colloquial\mostlyvernacularRobinsonCrusoe鲁宾逊漂流记Adventureonadesertedisland;depictsaherogrowsfromaninexperiencedyouthontoashrewdandhardenedman;asongofcourage,wisdom,struggleagainstthehostilenaturalenvironmentJonathanSwift喬納森.斯威特Isalmostunsurpassedinthewritingofsimple,direct,preciseprose;“properwordsinproperplaces”Clear\simple\concretediction\uncomplicatedsentencestructure\economyandconcisenessoflanguageGulliver’sTravels格列佛遊記Fourplaces:Lilliput,Brobdingnag,theflyingisland;HouyhnhnmHenryFielding亨利.菲爾丁Firstofallthe18thcenturyEnglishnovelisttowritethecomicepicinprose;thefirsttogivethemodernnovelitsstructureandstyle;usethethird-personnarration;“FatheroftheEnglishNovel”;“thejustcopiesofhumanmanners”Easy\unlaboured\familiar\extremelyvividandvigorous\logicandrhythmTomJones湯姆.琼斯TheRomanticPeriod1.age:1798-18702.background:comingalongwiththeFrenchRevolutionandtheIndustrialRevolution3.features:(1)contrarywiththeneoclassicism:emphasizethatmanhaveincommon,focusesonthespecialqualitiesofindividualmind(2)tendtoprobeintotheinnerworldofthehumanspiritrathernarratedailyhappeningsofthehumanworld(3)employruralscenery,legendaryandmythological,storiesofancienttimes,figuresfromcountryandOrientals(4)produceanumberofgreatpoets,theRomanticperiodisanageofpoetry3(5)thefocusoftheeverydaylifeofhumanbeingsintheAgebroughtabouttheflourishingoffamiliaressaysWilliamBlake威廉.布萊克ThefirstimportantRomanticpoet;thespokesmanofvevolt;took“ThisWorld”as“aWorldofImaginationandVision”,declaringthat“TheNatureofmyworkisvisionaryandimaginative”Plain\direct\lyricbeauty\symbolismTheChimneySweeper/SongsofInnocence扫烟囱的孩子/天真之歌TheChimneySweeper/SongsofExperience扫烟囱的孩子/經驗之歌TheTyger老虎1.indicatestheconditionsoftheexploitationofchildlabor,whichmakereligionaconsolation;2.revealsthetruenatureofreligionwhichhelpsbringmiserytothepoorchildrenWilliamWordsworth威廉.華茲華斯A“worshipperofnature”;apoetinmemoryofthepast,tohim,lifeisacyclicaljourney,itsbeginningfinallyturnsouttobeitsend;Advocatethewritingofthecommonpeopleinordinarylanguage;thejoysandsorrowsofthecommonpeoplearehisthemes;naturalscenerywithitsbeautyandmysteryacts