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28 320077 ACTA METROLOGICA SINICAVol.28,№3 July,2007戴景民, 王新北(, 150001):、、,。,。。:;;;:TB94 :A :1000-1158(2007)03-0232-05ReviewofEmissivityMeasurementandItsApplicationsDAIJing-min, WANGXin-bei(DepartmentofAutomationMeasurementandControl,HarbinInstituteofTechnology,Harbin,Heilongjiang150001,China)Abstract:Emissivityisanimportantparameterinthefieldsofaerospace,aviation,nationaldefenseandnationaleconomy.Thedevelopmentinemissivitymeasurementduringrecentyearshasbeenreviewed.Theapparatusformeasuringspectralemissivityisconstructedinauthor'slabbyusingFouriertransformspectrometer.Moreover,someapplicationsanddevelopmenttrentofemissivitymeasurementtechniquesaredescribed.Keywords:Metrology;Emissivitymeasurement;Emission;Temperature:2005-03-09;:2006-04-10:(50336010):(1963-),,,,。。1 引 言(、),。。,、,、。、、、、。,,(),。。30,,,。。,、,。、,。、,。,。2 发射率测量技术综述18,1753。、。50,、、,。,(),、。,、、。1。1 2.1 [1～5]。:,,,,。。2.1.1 稳态量热法Worthing1941———。Richmond(1960)、Howl(1962)Cezairliyan(1970)。,。、,2%。(-50℃～1000℃),,。,、。、、。2.1.2 瞬态量热法(、),,、,。60Ramanathan、、、。,。70,,。NIST(NBS)Cezairliyan,8。,Righini,NIST30,。90,NISTCezairliyanDOAP(DivisionofAmplitudePhotopolarimeter),。,NMIJ(NRLM)、Graz、CRI(ContainerlessResearch,Inc)DOAP,。2000,。:,,(4000℃),,。。2.2 ,,,。、(、)、。2.2.1 热腔反射计1962,Dunkle[6],1～15μm,23328 3:35μm。,。,,,,。2.2.2积分球反射计[3～5]。:,,,。,。,。,IMGCRighini。2000,。,5000℃,3%～5%。2.2.3 激光偏振法[2～4]90,(NIST)Nordince,,2,CRI,Kirchhoff。Cezairliyan,。Graz。5%,0.3s,。2.3 [7～9],-。,,,。60,,、、,。2 CCD—;PSG—;PSD—;DL—;Pol—;L—;S—;BPF—;PBS—;GTP—;F—;ID—;FS—1984,2.5～25μm;400～1000℃;3%～5%,()。90,,。3NMIJ。3 NMIJMichelson,5～12μm,HgCdTe;-20～100℃;。2004,4。MCTSi,0.6μm25μm。,2342007760～1500℃。:(500～1500℃)(60～500℃)、。4 :50～1600℃;0.6～25μm;3%;;、、。,。:-20℃2000℃,25μm,1～3s,3%。,[10],,,,5、6。5 6 2.4 [11]7080,,,。:,,,。,,,。,,。、。:(1)～5000℃;(2)4～35;(3)0.5～1.1μm;1～3μm;8～14μm;(4)5%。、,。3 应用方面[12～14]::、、,。:、、、,。:、、,、。:、、,。4 结束语、。,:(1),;(2)(),,;(3)();(4)。20,23528 3:,,,,。1、2,、、,,10。:1020,,。:(1)0.2～25μm;(2)-50～3200℃;(3)1%～3%;(4)。,,:(1)0.2～1.1μm,1～3μm,3～5μm,7～14μm;(2)50～5000℃;(3)5%;(4)μs～ms。,,。[][1] MasudaH,SasakiS,HiganoM,SasakiH.Methodforthesimultaneousmeasurementoftotalhemisphericalemissivityandspecificheatofmetalsbythetransientcalorimetrictechnique[J].ExperimentalHeatTransfer,1991,4(2):218～225.[2] CezairliyanA,McClureJ,LaylorR.Thermophysicalmeasurementson90Ti-6Al-4Valloyabove1450Kusingatransient(subsecond)technique[J].JournalofResearchoftheNationalBureauofStandards,SectionA,PhysicsandChemistry,1977,81(3):251～256.[3] RighiniF,RobertsRB,RossoA.Measurementofthermophysicalpropertiesbyapulse-heatingmethod:niobiumintherange1000～2500K[J].InternationalJournalofThermophysics,1985,6(6):681～693.[4] KaschnitzE,PottlacherG,JaegerH.Newmicrosecondpulse-heatingsystemtoinvestigatethermophysicalpropertiesofsolidandliquidmetals[J].InternationalJournalofThermophysics,1992,13(4):699.[5] DaiJM,FanY,ChuZX.DevelopmentofaMillisecondPulse-HeatingApparatus[J].InternationalJournalofThermophysics,2002,23(5):1401～1405.[6] DunkleRV,etal.In-progressinInternationalResearchonThermodynamicsandTransportProperties[A].ASME[C],1962,100～106.[7] LiuBaoming,ChuZaixiang.Effectofdeviationofcavitytemperatureandwallemissivityonaccuracyofmaterialemissivitymeasurement[A].10thEuropeanConferenceonThermophysicalProperties[C].Dubrovnik,Yugoslavia,July26～30,1986:22～26.[8] IshiiJ,OnoA.UncertaintyestimationforemissivitymeasurementsnearroomtemperaturewithaFouriertransformsspectrometer[J].MeasSciTechnol,2001,12:2103～2112.[9] DaiJM,LiuXD,SunXG.EquipmentfortheSpectralCharacterizationofHigh-temperatureParticles[J].InternationalJournalofThermophysics,2005,26(4):1207～1213.[10] GoardPRC.Applicationofhemisphericalsurfacepyrometerstothemeasurementoftheemissivityofplatinum(alowemissivitymaterial)[J].JSciInstrum,1966,43:256～258.[11] ,,.[J].,1995,14(6):461～466.[12] HendersonJR.Remotemeasurementofgroundtemperatureandemissivity[J].ProceedingsofSPIE,1994,2269:610～621.[13] ElieVA.TemperatureandemissivitymeasurementswiththemultispectralthermalimagersatelliteatIvanpahPlaya[J].ProceedingsofSPIE,2003,5073:73～84.[14] LiShusun,ZhouXiaobing.MeasurementofsnowandseaicesurfacetemperatureandemissivityintheRossSea[A].InternationalGeoscienceandRemoteSensingSymposium(IGARSS)[C].1999,2:1034～1036.23620077