高级英语第二册Lesson2Marrakech

LessonTwoMarrakechAims1.Toknowthewritingtechniqueofexposition.2.Tolearnthemethodsindevelopinganexpositorywriting,esp.theuseofexamples.3.ToappreciatethelanguagefeaturesTeachingContents1.Exposition2.GeorgeOrwell2.Detailedstudyofthetext3.Organizationalpattern4.Languagefeatures5.ExercisesTimeallocation1.Backgroundinformation(15min.)2.Detailedstudyofthetext(120min.)3.Structureanalysis(15min.)4.Languageappreciation(15min.)5.Exercises(15min)ExpositionExpositionisperhapsthetypeofwritingthatismostfrequentlyusedbyastudent,ascientist,oraprofessional.Exposition---expoundingexplainingExpositionAnexpositorypaperexplainsorexploressomething,suchastheprocessofmakingamachine,thecausesofanaturalorsocialphenomenon,theplanningofaproject,orthesolutionofaproblem.ExpositionDescription--dealswithappearancesandfeelingsNarration---dealswitheventsandexperienceExposition---dealswithprocessesandrelationshipsExpositionThingscanbeexplainedby1.DefinitionThekeytoadefinitionisconcreteness.Onehastogiveconcretefactstomakeadefinitioneffective.2.ListingWemusthaveenoughnumberofitemstobelisted.Then,ifpossible,arrangetheitemsinthegradedorderofincreasingimportance.3.ExamplesIt'sthesimplest,themostcommon,bestmethod.4.ClassificationWehavetofollowasystemconsistently.Thecategoriesofdivisionshouldbemutuallyexclusive.Thereshouldbenooverlapping.Oneitemcanbelongtoonecategoryandonlyone.5.ComparisonandcontrastWelikenonethingtoanotherbypointingouttheirsimilarities(comparison)Weemphasizethedifferencebetweenthetwo.(contrast)6.AnalysisWemaydiscussthecauseandeffectofahistoricalevent,itsnatureanditssignificanceinhistory.ExpositionThewriterappealstoareader'sunderstandingwithverifiablefactsandvalidinformation,explainingandinterpretingthatmaterialssothatthereaderwillaccepthispointofvieworexplanation.Thushemustorganizeanddevelophisthoughtobjectivelyandpresentitwithhonestyandcompletenesssothatthereaderwillhaveconfidenceinwhatheissaying.Exposition1.generallythewritermakesastatementofthecentralthoughtorofhispurposequiteearly.Thisstatementissometimescalledthethesis,andmayevenbethetitleofthepiece.2.Sometimesthewritermayfirstpresentanddevelophisfactsandmakehisgeneralstatementasaconclusionattheend.TheTextItisanexposition,apoliticalessay.Orwellleavesnodoubtabouthisfeelingsconcerningcolonialismanditsresults.Hehasshownthereaderhowmillionsofpeoplecanbeignoredandtreatedaslessthanhuman.Theme----ThesufferingandmiseryofthecolonialpeopleinMarrakechThewritergivesdescriptionsbyexamples.Theobjectivepresentationofexamplesshowthatthepeopleincolonialcountriesarepoverty-stricken.GeorgeOrwellABritishnovelistandessayistbetweenthetwoworldwars*image-1*Heismushpraisedinthewestpartlybecauseofhisanti-communistpointofview.HewasborninIndia,father,asocalledempire-builder--servingtheBritishgovernmentabroad.GeorgeOrwellHereceivedgoodeducationinBritainandstudiedinthemostfamousschoolEden“.GeorgeOrwellHetravelledwidely.Marrakechisoneoftheplaceshetravelledto.Histravelmadehimtakeahostileattitudetowardimperialism.Heshoweddeepsympathyforthepoorandbecameafirmsupporterofsocialism.GeorgeOrwellHejoinedSpanishWar.Hewasseriouslywounded.TheSpanishsocialistforcesdividedintofaction.Thefactionhebelongedtowaspersecuted.Sohebecamesopessimisticanddepressed,whichledhimtowardanti-communistattitude.GeorgeOrwellAnimalFarm----apoliticalfable*image-2*Eachanimalrepresentsacertainhumancharacter,meanttocriticiseStalin'ssocialism.GeorgeOrwellInreadinghisworks,severalaspectsdrawourattention:1.Hisworksshowsharppowersofobservationanddeepsympathyforsufferingpeople.2.Hisworksgiveadeepsenseofconvictionandurgency.GeorgeOrwell3.TheuseofEnglishisclear,simpleanddirect,withnoformalityofembellishment.(addition/decoration)Hesaidhisidealwastowriteproselikeawindowpane.______asclearasglassDetailedstudyofthetextMarrakech*2image-3,4,5*DetailedstudyofthetextAsthecorpse....Theopeningparagraphisverydramatic.Thechoiceofthissceneandthewordsheusesimpliesmuchmorethanwhatappearsonthesurface.1)dirty2)poorinacloud---alargenumberofsmallthingsmovingthroughtheairasamassacloudofinsectscrowd---Itsuggests1)thelackoforder2)peoplearenotterriblyconcernedaboutthefuneral.allmenandboys,nowomenAccordingtoMuslimlaw,Muslimsmustrespectwomen,andforthisreasongirlsandwomenusedtobekeptinthehouse,wheretheycouldbesafe.Whentheywentout,theyworetheveilstocovertheirfaces.Butthislawhasbecomeakindofexcusetodiscriminateagainstwomen.pomegranates----referstothefruitofthepomegranatetree,anativeofAsia.Itisaroundreddishfruitwithamildflavour.ThewordcomestoEnglishfromtheoldFrench.pome---applegranate----havingmanyseedschant---1.awordorgroupofwordsthatisrepeatedoverandoveragain,usuallybymorethanoneperson.2.areligiousprayerorsongthatisspokenorsungononlyaveryfewnotessothatthereisnotmuchvariationinit.appealto----Ifsomethingappealstoyou,youfinditattractiveorinterestingattract/interest/fascinateThesebooksaredesignedtoappealtochildren.Theideaofbecomingdirectorofthefactoryappealedtohim.identify---recognise;beabletonameCan