针刺方法中英文对照201306

Manipulatingmethods针灸操作方法DepartofA.M.针灸推拿科DrZhang张磊2013-6-181Manipulatingmethods2ManipulatingMethods针灸操作方法Needlingmethods针刺方法Moxibustionmethod艾灸方法2013-6-18Manipulatingmethods1.Preparationspriortotreatment针灸施术前的准备1.1ExplanationTosomefirstvisitpatients,acupunctureandmoxibustiontherapy,especiallyacupuncture,mayengendernervoustension.Theymaybeafraidofstabbingpain,orneedlingofsomeimportantregions,suchashead.Theacupuncturistshouldpayattentiontothepatients’expressionandexplaintothepatientsinordertorelaxthemandenablethemtocooperateinthetreatment.32013-6-18Manipulatingmethods解释一些初诊病人对针灸疗法尤其是针刺会产生紧张心理，或怕刺痛，或对重要部位如头部等的针刺存有顾虑，医者应认真观察病人神态，做适当的解释工作，使病人缓解紧张状态，消除顾虑，放松肌肉，配合施术。42013-6-18Manipulatingmethods1.Preparationspriortotreatment针灸施术前的准备1.2NeedlesThefiliformneedlesareusuallyusedinclinicaltreatment.Mostofthemaremadeofstainlesssteel.Thecommonfiliformneedlesvaryinlengthanddiameter.Clinicallytheneedlesrangingfromgauges28-32indiameterand1-3cuninlengtharefrequentlyusedinclinicaltreatment.针具临床上常用的针具是毫针，多由不锈钢制成，其针身的长度和直径有不同规格。其中以28～32号，1～3寸长的毫针较为常用。cun寸0.51.01.52.03.04.05.0mm毫米1525405075100125LengthofDifferentFiliformNeedles不同规格毫针长度对照表DiameterofDifferentFiliformNeedles不同规格毫针直径对照表Gauge号码262830313234Dia.直径（mm）0.450.380.320.300.280.2352013-6-18Manipulatingmethods62013-6-18Manipulatingmethods1.Preparationspriortotreatment针灸施术前的准备1.2NeedlesTheneedlesareselectedaccordingtothepatient’sconstitution,age,conditionandregionstobepunctured.Theneedlesshouldbecarefullyexaminedbeforeinsertion.Iftheneedlebodygetsrusty,crookedortheareacombinedwiththehandlehasbecomeloose,ortheneedletipistoobluntorhook-like,Itwillaffectinsertion,causepainorevenbreaktheneedle.Thesekindsofneedlesshouldnotbeused.针具临床上对具体针具的选择，要根据病人的体质、年龄、病情以及针刺部位的不同情况来确定。针刺前要检查针具，凡针身有锈痕、弯曲或与针柄相接处有松动，针尖过钝或有钩等，会影响进针，易致疼痛，甚或折针，不宜应用。72013-6-18Manipulatingmethods1.3PosturesAppropriatepostureofthepatientisimportantforcorrectlocationofacupoints,prolongedretentionoftheneedleandpreventionofbendingandbreakingtheneedleaswellasfaintingduringacupuncture.Beforeneedling,thepatientisadvisedtorelaxhimselforherself,keepacomfortableandnaturalposturesoastomaintainthepositionforalongertime.体位针刺时须要求病人采取和保持一定的体位姿势，以便于取穴、持久留针、防止针身弯曲折断和晕针。针刺前嘱病人尽量把身体姿势放得舒服自然，能坚持较长时间而不移动。1.Preparationspriortotreatment针灸施术前的准备82013-6-18Manipulatingmethods1.3.1LyingpostureLyingpostureismostfrequentlyused,especiallyfortheaged,thepatientswithpoorconstitutionorseriousdiseasesornervousness.Thereforelyingpositionissignificantinpreventingfatigueorfainting.卧位一般多取卧位，尤其是年老、体弱、病重以及精神紧张者，以防病人疲劳难支或晕针。1.Preparationspriortotreatment针灸施术前的准备Supination仰卧位Suitableforneedlingtheacupointsontheheadandface,chestandabdominalregions,andthelimbs.92013-6-18Manipulatingmethods适用于取头面、胸腹部腧穴，以及四支部的多数腧穴。Lateralrecumbentposture侧卧位Suitableforneedlingtheacupointsontheposteriorregionofthehead,neck,back,andthelateralsideofthelimbs.102013-6-18Manipulatingmethods适用于取头后项、背部腧穴，以及四肢的部分腧穴。Pronation俯卧位Suitableforneedlingtheacupointslocatedontheposteriorregionofthehead,neck,back,lumbarandbuttockregions,andtheposteriorregionofthelowerlimbs.112013-6-18Manipulatingmethods适用于取头后项、背、腰、臀部腧穴，以及下肢后侧的腧穴。122013-6-18Manipulatingmethods1.Preparationspriortotreatment针灸施术前的准备1.3.1SittingpositionSittingpositionissuitableforneedlingtheacupointslocatedonthehead,neck,upperextremitiesorthebackofthepatientwhoseillnessismild.坐位一般用于取穴局限在头项、上肢或背部腧穴，且病情较轻者。Applicabletotheacupointslocatedontheposteriorregionofthehead,neck,andback.适用于取头后、项、背部的腧穴。Sittinginpronation俯伏坐位132013-6-18Manipulatingmethods142013-6-18ManipulatingmethodsApplicabletotheacupointslocatedontheheadandfaceaswellastheupperchestregion.Sittinginsupination俯伏坐位适用于取头面部和上胸部的腧穴。152013-6-18Manipulatingmethods1.Preparationspriortotreatment针灸施术前的准备1.4Sterilization1.4.1Needlesterilization1.4.2Disinfectionoftheregionselectedforneedling1.4.3Disinfectionoftheacupuncturist’sfingers消毒针具消毒针刺部位消毒医者手指消毒162013-6-18Manipulatingmethods1.4.1NeedlesterilizationSterilizedneedles,whichshouldbeusedonlyonce,arerecommended.Theneedlesforrepeateduseshouldbesterilizedwithautoclave;Boilingsterilization;Medicalsterilization:75%alcohol.针具消毒提倡使用经过消毒的一次性针具。如果是反复使用的一般针具，最好用高压消毒；煮沸消毒；药物消毒。1.4Sterilization消毒172013-6-18Manipulatingmethods1.4.2DisinfectionoftheregionselectedforneedlingTheareaselectedforneedlingmustbesterilizedwitha75%alcoholcottonball.Theselectedareaissterilizedfromthecentertothesides.Aftersterilization,measuresshouldbetakentoavoidrecontamination.针刺部位消毒在选取的针刺部位用75%酒精棉球擦拭；擦拭时，应从消毒部位的中心向外周绕圈涂擦。消毒后要注意避免消毒部位的再次污染。1.4Sterilization消毒182013-6-18Manipulatingmethods1.4.3Disinfectionoftheacupuncturist’sfingersBeforeneedling,theacupuncturistshouldwashhisorherhandswithsoapsudsorsterilizewith75%alcoholcottonballs.医者手指消毒针刺施术前，医者的手要用肥皂水洗净，或用75%酒精棉球擦拭。1.4Sterilization消毒content2.Needlingmethods针刺方法2.1Traditionalmethods传统方法2.2Modernmethods现代方法2.1.1Needlingwithfiliformneedles毫针刺法2.1.2Needlingmethodsofthethree-edgedneedles三棱针刺法2.2.1Electro-acupuncture电针2.2.2Acupointinjection穴位注射2.2.3Scalpacupuncture头皮针2.2.4Earacupuncture耳针2013-6-1819Manipulatingmethodscontent2.Needlingmeth