心理学Psycholog英文版PPT(17-心理治疗)

中英文日报导航站’PSYCHOLOGYChapter17Therapy中英文日报导航站Psychotherapyanemotionallycharged,confidinginteractionbetweenatrainedtherapistandsomeonewhosuffersfrompsychologicaldifficultiesEclecticApproachanapproachtopsychotherapythat,dependingontheclient’sproblems,usestechniquesfromvariousformsoftherapy中英文日报导航站PsychoanalysisFreudbelievedthepatient’sfreeassociations,resistances,dreams,andtransferences–andthetherapist’sinterpretationsofthem–releasedpreviouslyrepressedfeelings,allowingthepatienttogainself-insightusehasrapidlydecreasedinrecentyearsResistanceblockingfromconsciousnessofanxiety-ladenmaterial中英文日报导航站Interpretationtheanalyst’snotingsupposeddreammeanings,resistances,andothersignificantbehaviorsinordertopromoteinsightTransferencethepatient’stransfertotheanalystofemotionslinkedwithotherrelationshipse.g.loveorhatredforaparent中英文日报导航站Client-CenteredTherapyhumanistictherapydevelopedbyCarlRogerstherapistusestechniquessuchasactivelisteningwithinagenuine,accepting,empathicenvironmenttofacilitateclients’growth中英文日报导航站ActiveListening-empathiclisteninginwhichthelistenerechoes,restates,andclarifies中英文日报导航站BehaviorTherapytherapythatapplieslearningprinciplestotheeliminationofunwantedbehaviorsCounterconditioningprocedurethatconditionsnewresponsestostimulithattriggerunwantedbehaviorsbasedonclassicalconditioningincludessystematicdesensitizationandaversiveconditioning中英文日报导航站ExposureTherapytreatanxietiesbyexposingpeople(inimaginationorreality)tothethingstheyfearandavoid中英文日报导航站SystematicDesensitizationtypeofcounterconditioningassociatesapleasant,relaxedstatewithgraduallyincreasinganxiety-triggeringstimulicommonlyusedtotreatphobiasAversiveConditioningtypeofcounterconditioningthatassociatesanunpleasantstatewithanunwantedbehaviornausea---alcohol中英文日报导航站SystematicDesensitization中英文日报导航站Aversiontherapyforalcoholics中英文日报导航站TokenEconomyanoperantconditioningprocedurethatrewardsdesiredbehaviorpatientexchangesatokenofsomesort,earnedforexhibitingthedesiredbehavior,forvariousprivilegesortreats中英文日报导航站CognitiveTherapyteachespeoplenew,moreadaptivewaysofthinkingandactingbasedontheassumptionthatthoughtsintervenebetweeneventsandouremotionalreactions中英文日报导航站TheCognitiveRevolution中英文日报导航站Acognitiveperspectiveonpsychologicaldisorders中英文日报导航站Cognitivetherapyfordepression中英文日报导航站Cognitive-BehavioralTherapyapopularintegratedtherapythatcombinescognitivetherapy(changingself-defeatingthinking)withbehaviortherapy(changingbehavior)中英文日报导航站FamilyTherapytreatsthefamilyasasystemviewsanindividual’sunwantedbehaviorsasinfluencedbyordirectedatotherfamilymembersattemptstoguidefamilymemberstowardpositiverelationshipsandimprovedcommunication中英文日报导航站Towhomdopeopleturnforhelpforpsychologicaldifficulties?中英文日报导航站Regressiontowardthemeantendencyforextremesofunusualscorestofallback(regress)towardtheiraverageMeta-analysisprocedureforstatisticallycombiningtheresultsofmanydifferentresearchstudies中英文日报导航站中英文日报导航站ClinicalpsychologistsMostarepsychologistswithaPh.D.andexpertiseinresearch,assessment,andtherapy,supplementedbyasupervisedinternshipAbouthalfworkinagenciesandinstitutions,halfinprivatepractice中英文日报导航站ClinicalorPsychiatricSocialWorkerAtwo-yearMasterofSocialWorkgraduateprogrampluspostgraduatesupervisionpreparessomesocialworkerstoofferpsychotherapy,mostlytopeoplewitheverydaypersonalandfamilyproblemsAbouthalfhaveearnedtheNationalAssociationofSocialWorkers’designationofclinicalsocialworker中英文日报导航站CounselorsMarriageandfamilycounselorsspecializeinproblemsarisingfromfamilyrelationsPastoralcounselorsprovidecounselingtocountlesspeopleAbusecounselorsworkwithsubstanceabusersandwithspouseandchildabusersandtheirvictims中英文日报导航站PsychiatristsPhysicianswhospecializeinthetreatmentofpsychologicaldisordersNotallpsychiatristshavehadextensivetraininginpsychotherapy,butasM.D.stheycanprescribemedications.Thus,theytendtoseethosewiththemostseriousproblems