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SpeechPPT1Hello,teachersandclassmates,goodafternoon!MynameisMaoLuoli(Laura),Icomefromlevel3E.Today,Iamverygladtostandhereandsharewithyoumymostsincerespeech——EffectsofInsufficientSleeponTeenagers.HookAsweallknow，sleepisaphysiologicalprocessthatpeoplemustexperienceintheirdailylife,anditplaysanirreplaceableroleinpeople'sphysicalandmentalhealth.Butdoyouknow,howmuchtimewewillspendonsleepinourlives?Iwillanswerthisquestioninthefollowingpresentation.PPT2Andthisistheoutlineofmyspeechtoday.PPT3One-thirdofperson’slifewillbespentasleep,whichmeansthatifpeopleliveto90years,then30yearswillhavebeenspententirelyasleep.Thismeaningsleepisveryimportanttoallofus.Everymeaningfulthingwillhaveacommemorativeday.So,theWorldHealthOrganizationannouncedthatonMarch21everyyearisWorldSleepDay.Thepurposeistoletanincreasingnumberofpeopleareconsciousoftheimportanceofenoughsleep.PPT4NowIwillintroducethegeneralconceptofsleeponteenagers——thesleepcycle.Therearetwobasictypesofsleep:rapideyemovement(REM)sleepandnon-rapideyemovementsleep.Onatypicalnight,youcancyclethroughseveralstagesofnon-REMandREMsleep.NREMsleepaccountsforthree-quartersofsleep.Whenwestartedtofallasleep,weenteredNREMsleep,whichhasfourdifferentstages.Firststage,westartingtofallasleep.Ittakesabout10minutes.Wecanwakeupatthisstageeasily.Next,thesecondstage,therealsleep.It’slastingabout20minutes.Gettingdeeperintosleep.Then,thethirdisalsocalleddeepsleep.Teenagersarespentmorethan20minutesfellasleep.Ifpeopleareawakenedduringdeepsleep,theydon'tadjustimmediatelyandoftenfeelgroggy.Theywilltakeafewminutestolocatethemselves.Afterthat,thefourthstageiscomingoutofheavysleep.Finally,weenterREMsleep.Atthisstage,theconsciousnessoftheyoungpeopleispartialarousalanditiseasytowakeup.PPT5Nowadays,teenagersallovertheworldarefacingabigproblem.Intheworldaround25-40%ofteenagersaresufferingfromlackofsleep.So,whateffectsoflackofsleepwillgiveyoungpeople?Let’smovetonextone.PPT6Theharmoflackofsleeparemainlyreflectedinthefollowingaspects.Firstly,insufficientsleepcanaffectthecreativethinkingofyoungpeople'sbrains.Ifyoungpeoplehavelong-termlackofsleep,thebraincan’tgetenoughrest,itwillaffecttheabilityofcreativethinkingandprocessinginformationinthebrain.Secondly,frequentinsufficientsleepcanreduceimmunity,whichcanleadtovariousdiseasessuchas,headache,coldandoftenfeeltiredcannotconcentrate.Thirdly,continuallyexperiencinginadequatesleepcaneventuallyleadtodepression,anxietyandothertypesofemotionalproblems.Therefore,whatisthereasonforhaveinsufficientsleepofadolescentsPPT7Therearemanyfactorsthataffectthesleepofadolescents.Forexample,pressure,late-nightcomputerandphoneuse,eatingalot,doingheavyexerciseandsleepwithlighton.(1)Asastudent,teenagersneedtocompletetheirstudiesandworryabouttestsandexams.Therefore，theyhavesomepressure.(2)Duringtheheavyexercise,thehumanbodywillreleasemorehormones.Thesehormoneswillcausetheemotionsofpeopletobeexcited.Theyneedatleast3hourstoreturntotheoriginallevel,sobedtimeexercisewillhindersleep.(3)Becauselightenterstheeye,itinterfereswiththemechanismofsleepfunctioninthebrain,whichreducesthesecretionofmelatonin,reducesdrowsiness,andmakesitdifficulttofallasleep.PPT8NowIwillintroducethreeimportanttimeperiodsinsleep.Firsttimeperiodis9PM.-11PM.Immunesystemdetoxification.Secondtimeperiodis11PM.-2AM.Humangrowthhormonesecretion.Thirdtimeperiodis2AM.-3AM.Melatoninsecretion(1)Aslongaspeoplearealive,HGHwillcontinuetosecreteuntildeath.Theyoungertheage,themoreHGHissecreted.(2)Melatoninisahormonesecretedbythebrain.Insufficientmelatoninmaycauseadolescentshaveproblemswithsleepdisorders,multipledreams,difficultyfallingasleep,andeasytowakeup.Melatoninproductioninthehumanbodyusuallyacceleratesonceeveningnearsandpeaksat3o'clock.PPT9Thetimewhenthesecretionofsleepsubstancesinthehumanbodyisrelativelystrongisabout10o'clockintheevening.Therefore,thebesttimetosleepshouldbefixedbetween9and11intheevening.ConsistentlysleepingsixtoeighthourspernightmaybeoptimalforhealthPPT10Therearesomewaystoimprovethesleepqualityofteenagers.Firstly,specificbedtimebehaviors.Forexample,gotobedearlyandgetupearly,prepareeverythingbeforegoingtobed,sleeplessduringtheday,andnoteatordrinkcoffeebeforegoingtobed.Secondly,thesleepstrategiesthatworkbestforyou.Somepeoplewillchoosecountingsheep.Thirdly,avoidingbrightscreensinthehourbeforesleep.Becausebluelighthasbeenfoundtomessupyourbody'smelatoninproduction.Melatonincanshortenthetimetofallasleepatbedtimeandawakeningtime.ThelastoneiskeepingbedroomsquietanddarkResearchhasshownthatsleepissuitableforadimenvironment.Thisismyreferences.Ihopeeveryonewillgainsomethingafterlisteningtomyspeech.PPT15Thisistheendofmypresentation.Thankyouallverymuchfortakingthetimetolistentothispresentation.Now,doyouhaveanyquestions?