American-Literature--Theodore-Dreiser

美国文学课件制作人：谭宗燕1PartIVTheodoreDreiser(1871-1945)•I.Assignment-checking•II.WorkonTheodoreDreiser•III.ShortSummary•IV.After-classAssignments2StepIAssignmentchecking•ReviewJackLondon–Classificationofhisworks–Buckcharacterization–Themes–Writingstyle•PreviewTheodoreDreiser–Lifestory–Mainworks–StoryofSisterCarrie3StepIIWorkonTheodoreDreiserAmericannovelist,journalistofthenaturalistschooloneoftheleadingliteraryfigurestoemploynaturalisminhiswritings美国评论家把德莱塞跟福克纳、海明威并列为第一次世界大战后美国的三大小说家。“德莱塞在《嘉丽妹妹》里满怀同情地刻画了嘉丽利用自己性的魅力改变了自己的命运。正是由于德莱塞真实地描写了芝加哥以及美国城市迅速腾飞的原始动力才赢得了当时众多年轻追随者和崇拜者。”“德莱塞之前和之后的美国文学的变化就如达尔文之前和之后生物学上的变化一样大。”德莱塞“是美国最后一位毫无窘迫或者俯就地直接为大众，也就是直接为大众进行创作的一位大作家。”“他是一股强大的原动力，使美国文化在传达性行为、心理和政治原动力方面更全面更率直。”4OutlineofDreiser1.LifeExperience2.Dreiser’smajorworks3.AnalysisofSisterCarrie4.TheodoreDreiser’swritingstyle5.Dreiser’sliterarynaturalism51.LifeExperienceborninTerreHaute,Indiana;spenthischildhoodinbitterpoverty,lackingeducation,skillandstatus.Fromtheageoffifteen，heearnedmeagersupportfromavarietyofmenialjobs.attendedanIndianahighschoolandthendroppedouttoseekjobsinChicago.OneteacherrecognizedhistalentandinsistedonlendinghimmoneytogotoIndianaUniversityin1889.6LifeExperienceFrom1892to1902,heworkedasanitinerantjournalist.In1990,Dreiser’sfirstnovelSisterCarriewaspublished.In1904,hewasonthewaytoseveralsuccessfulyearsasaneditor.In1910,heresignedtowriteJennieGerhardt.7LifeExperienceIn1925,hisnovelAnAmericanTragedyPublished.In1927,hevisitedtheSovietUnionandpublishedDreiserLooksatRussiaIn1945,hejoinedtheCommunistPartyofAmericaOnDec.28diedofheartfailureinHollywood.892.MajorWorks•SisterCarrie1900(greatestofallAmericanurbannovels)•JennieGerhardt1911•TheTrilogyofDesire:–TheFinancier1912–TheTitan1914–TheStoic(posthumously)1947•TheGenius(autobiographical)•AnAmericanTragedy1925masterpiece•DreiserLooksatRussia192810AnAmericanTragedy•peakofhisliterarycareer•hisfirstcommercialsuccess•publishedin1925•madeintoafilmin1931andagainin1951•Timemagazineincludeditinits100BestEnglish-languageNovelsfrom1923to2005list11AnAmericanTragedy•ItisadetailedportrayalofthedarksideoftheAmericanDream—thestoryofwhatcanhappenwhenanordinaryman'sdesireforwealthandstatusoverwhelms(ClydeGriffiths)hismoralsense.•Fortunehuntingbecameadiseasemurderformoney12JennieGerhardtapoorgirlJennyfellinlovewithSenatorGeorgeBrander,buttheSenatordied,leavingherandtheirdaughter.13Whensheworkedasamaid,shemetLesterKane,amanufacturer'sson.Jenniefellinlovewithhimandbecamehismistress,howeverbecauseofhisfamily'sdisapproval,theyseparated.Atlast,Jennielostherdaughtertotyphoid伤寒.143.AnalysisofSisterCarrieSummaryCharactersThemesWritingstyle15SisterCarrier•Dreiser'sfirstnovel.Becauseitdepictedsocialtransgressionsbyusingstronglanguageandusednamesoflivingpersons,itwasvirtuallysuppressedbyitspublisher.16SisterCarrie•通过农村姑娘嘉莉到芝加哥谋生而成为名演员的故事，揭露了资本主义社会繁荣的表面底下的失业、贫困和饥饿，对美国贫富对立的社会作了深刻的描写。《嘉莉妹妹》用巴尔扎克式的现实主义写作手法为美国文学开创了一个新的天地。它虽在美国被禁，后来却在英国出版。1907年终于在美国再次出版。17a.Plotsummary•Ittellsthestoryoftwocharacters:CarrieMeeber,anordinarygirlwhorisesfromalow-paidwageearnertoahigh-paidactress,andGeorgeHurstwood,amemberoftheuppermiddleclasswhofallsfromhiscomfortablelifestyletoalifeonthestreets.NeitherCarrienorHurstwoodearntheirfatesthroughvirtueorvice,butratherthroughrandomcircumstance.Theirsuccessesandfailureshavenomoralvalue;thisstancemarksSisterCarrieasadeparturefromtheconventionalliteratureoftheperiod.1819b.Characters•Caroline(Carrie)Meeber-theprotagonist,travelstoChicagotostaywithhersisterandherbrother-in-law.ThecosmopolitanconsumerworldofChicagoenthrallsher,andsheconstantlywantstobuythings.Herfirstjobisalow-paid,arduouspositioninafactory.Whenshelosesherjob,hersisterandbrother-in-lawcannotsupporther,soshebecomesCharlieDrouet'smistress.Afterward,shebecomesinfatuatedwithGeorgeHurstwood.CarrieandHurstwoodruntoNewYork,wheretheydiscoverthatmarriedlifeisfarlessexcitingthantheiraffair.CarrieleavesHurstwoodbecausehefailstoprovideherwiththelavishlifeshewants.Shebecomesafamous,high-paidactressinNewYork.20•CharlieDrouet-acharming,flashysalesmanwithastrongappetiteforromance.Althoughheiswarm-hearted,henevertakesanyofhisromanticaffairsseriously.HeprovidesCarriewithaplacetostayaftersheisforcedtostoplivingwithhersister;healsopromisestomarryher,butheneverreallyintendsonfollowingthrough.HelosesCarrietoHurstwoodandthen,yearslater,aftershehasbecomeafamousactress,triesunsuccessfullytowinherback.21•GeorgeHurstwood-themanagerofFitzgeraldandMoy's,asalooninChicago.HefallsinlovewithCarrieaftermeetingherthroughDrouet.HetellsCarriethathelovesher,buthefailstomentionthatheismarried.AfterhiswifediscovershisaffairwithCarrieandfilesfordivorce,hestealstenthousanddollarsandfleeswithCarrietoMontreal.There,hemarriesherbeforehisdivorcewithJuliaiscomplete.AlthoughhekeepshistheftasecretfromCarrie,heisdiscoveredbyaninvestigatorandrequiredtoreturnmostofthemoneyinordertoprotecthisreputation.InNewYork,Hurstwoodslowlydescendsintoapathyandpoverty.AfterCarrieleaveshim,hebecomesahomelessbeggarandeventuallycommitssuicide.22ChapterIWhenagirlleaveshome