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1高职部曾凡军情态动词2情态动词情态动词主要有:cancouldmaymightmustneedwouldwilldarebeableto1.用法.a.can,could,beableto.can,---------现在或将来could-----过去beableto------有人称和时态,表示客观方面的能力或特定的某一种能力Example;(!).Hesaidhecouldswimacrosstheriver主观(2).Hewasabletoswimacrosstheriver.客观,特定表示主观方面能力或习惯性的”能力”.3b.can,could表示允许Youcanusemybikenow/tomorrow.HesaidthatIcouldparkhere.Could表示客气逶惋的询问是否允许,此时无过去懂得含义回答时用can/can’t不用could/couldn’tForexample:CouldIsmokehere?Yes,youcan.4(3).A.maymight表示可能might比may的可能性小.比较;Whyisn’tTominclass?Hemaybesick.(大)Hemightbesick.(小)b.表允许may–现在或将来.hesaidwemayleave.might–过去.Hesaidwemightleave5在一般疑问句中.May/MightIuseyourubber?No,youmustn’t.(Youarenotallowed)Yes,youcan/may.3.Must,havetomust没有时态变化.Youmustdoasyouaretold.Shesaidtheymustdoastheyweretold.haveto有时态变化.(客观)6注意:MustIgonow?Yes,youmust.No,youneedn’t/don’thaveto.Youmustworkhardnexttime,mustn’tyou?Youmustgohomerightnow,needn’tyou?Youmustn’twalkonthegrass,mustyou?4.Should,oughtto(语气重)用于疑问句表示征求建议或提出劝告ShouldIopenthedoor?Yes,please.75.Need,dare.a.need无人称变化一般用于否定句,疑问句.Needyougohome?YesImust.No,youneedn’t.Youneedn’tgoyet,needyou/b.Dare无人称变化,过去时为daredHedarenottry.c.Hedoesn’tdaretotry.Idon’tdare(to)askher.6.Shall,should,will,wouldshall用于一,三人称一般疑问句.ShallIopenthewindow?用于二,三人称肯定句.Tellhimthatheshallhavethebooktomorrow.Youshallnotleaveuntil7.8b.Will用于二人称.疑问句Would/willyouhaveadrink?c.用于个人称陈述句.Hewon’tlistentoyou.情态动词用于表示推测.May,might,must,can,need,should,Oughtto,would,will,.7a.May/might“或许””,可能”一般用于肯定句.Iheartheremaybeafewcopiesleft.Iheartheremightbeafewcopiesleft.(更加不肯定)b.Can,could一般用于否定句,疑问句.Itcan’tberightcould可用于肯定句,把握性不大.Icoulddroppedinagainlater..9Must.+动词原形,(对目前的动作的得推测)只用于肯定句中.Thelightisstillon.Hemustbeintheoffice.Youmustbeateacher,isn’the?youmustbestudyinginthelibrary.否定推测用can’t代替mustn’tMustn’t表示绝对禁止.Youmustn’tsmokeintheoffice.8.情态动词+完成时表示对已经发生的事情的推测.May/might+have+doneIcan’tfindmysunglasses.Imay/mighthaveleftthemattherestaurant.(可能)102.should/oughtto+have+doneTheflowersdied,youshould/oughttowaterthem.Youshouldn’thaveaskedhim.It’snotgoodman.3.Must+have+doneIwastoldhismotherwasill,sohemusthavegonetothehospital.4.can’t/couldn’t+have+doneHecan’thavebeentoldthebadnews.Helookssohappy.5.can/could+have+doneIstayedatahotelwhileinNewYork.Oh,didyou?YoucouldhavestayedwithBarbara.11Thereisnolightintheroom,canhehavegoneout?Shecan’thavetakenithome.6.need/needn’t+have+doneHeneedhavehurriedhome.therewasmuchtime.Heneedn’thavegonetothestationyesterday.7.Would+have+doneIfyouhadbeenthere,youwouldhaveseentheaccident.12Exercise.1.Ididn’thearthephone.I---asleep.A.MustbeB.musthavetbeenB.C.shouldbeD.shouldhavebeen2.Ifmylawyer------herlastSaturday,he---mefromgoing.A.hadbeen.wouldhavepreventedB..hadbeen,wouldpreventC.were,wouldpreventD.werewouldhaveprevent3.He-------youmorehelp,eventhoughhewasverybusy.A.mighthavegivenB.mightgiveC.mayhavegivenD.maygive4.Acomputer------thinkforitself,itmustbetoldwhattodo.A.can’tB.couldn’tC.maynotd.mightnot5.Ifit------forthesnow,we------themountainyesterday.A.werenotB.couldhelpclimbedC.hadnotbeen,couldhaveclimbed.d.hadnotbeen,couldclimbedBAAAACC136.Withoutelectricityhumanlife-----quitedifficulttoday.A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe7.Janny---havekeptherword.Iwonderwhyshechangedhermind.A.mustB.shouldC.needD.would8.CouldIborrowyourdictionary?Yes,ofcourseyou-----.A.mightB.willC.canD.would9.We-----lastnight,butwewenttotheconcertinstead.A.musthavestudiedB.mightstudiedC.shouldhavestudiedD.wouldstudiedDBCC1410.Peter----comewithustonight,butheisn’tsureyet.A.mustB.mayC.canD.will11.Tomoughtnotto----meyoursecret,buthemeannoharm.A.havetoldB.tellC.betellingD.havingtold12.ItoldSallyhowtogethere,butperhapsI-----forher.A.hadtowriteitoutB.musthavewrittenitoutC.shouldhavewrittenitoutD.oughttowriteitout13.Ididn’tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe------,shewouldhavemybrother.A.hascomeB.didcomeC.cameD.hadcomeABCD1514.—ShallItellJohnaboutit?----No,you---,I’vetoldhimalready.A.needn’tB.wouldn’tC.mustn’tD.shouldn’t15.whenapencilispartlyinaglasswater,itlookasifit-------.A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken16.It’snearlyseveno’clock.Jack------behereatanymoment.A.mustB.needC.shouldD.can17.Johnny,you–playwiththeknife,you------hurtyourself.A.won’tcan’tB.mustn’tmayC.shouldn’tmustD.can’tshouldn’tACCB1618.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone------getout.A.hadtoB.wouldC.couldD.wasableto19.Whenhewasthere,he-----gotothatcoffeeshopatthecornerafterworkeveryday.A.wouldB.shouldC.hadbetterD.might20.Yesterday,Janewalkedawayfromthediscussion.Otherwise,she----somethingshewouldregretlater.A.hadsaidB.said.C.mightsaidD.mighthavesaid21.Sir,you---besittinginthiswaitingroom.Itisforwomenandchildrenonly.A.oughtn’ttoB.can’tC.won’tD.needn’t22.Jack----yet,otherwisehewouldhavetelephoneme.A.mustn’thavearrivedB.shouldn’thavearrivedC.can’thavearrivedD.neednothavearrivedDADAC17TheendThankyou!返回