06-张光涛-气候变化对海洋浮游动物影响研究

气候变化对海洋浮游动物影响的研究气候变化对海洋浮游动物影响的研究中国科学院生态系统过程研究第二届青年学术交流会中国科学院生态系统过程研究第二届青年学术交流会张光涛胶州湾站，中科院海洋所张光涛胶州湾站，中科院海洋所年均温变化3C对应等温线沿纬度移动300–400km（温带）或者海拔升高500m.年均温变化3C对应等温线沿纬度移动300–400km（温带）或者海拔升高500m.（Hughes2000，TREE）BiologicalconsequencesofglobalwarmingBiologicalconsequencesofglobalwarmingYuetal.2010PNASBiologicalconsequencesofglobalwarmingBiologicalconsequencesofglobalwarmingThenortherlyshiftofmesozooplanktonassemblagesintheNortheastAtlanticThenortherlyshiftofmesozooplanktonassemblagesintheNortheastAtlanticHaysetal.,2005海洋浮游生物对气候变化的响应海洋浮游生物对气候变化的响应NorthwestAtlantictimeseriesshoweddecadalchangeinzooplanktonNorthwestAtlantictimeseriesshoweddecadalchangeinzooplanktonGreene，etal.2008海洋浮游生物对气候变化的响应海洋浮游生物对气候变化的响应浮游动物是“居无定所”的，终生“随波逐流”地理分布具有很强的季节性它们的繁殖和生长完全依赖于环境适宜性浮游动物是“居无定所”的，终生“随波逐流”地理分布具有很强的季节性它们的繁殖和生长完全依赖于环境适宜性浮游动物与气候变化研究的难点浮游动物与气候变化研究的难点研究目的和意义研究目的和意义120121122123124125272829303132333435September,1958Densityrange:0.14-15.33该种通常只有夏季可以进入到黄海南部，但是密度极低。该种通常只有夏季可以进入到黄海南部，但是密度极低。亚热带桡足类成为长江口的优势种亚热带桡足类成为长江口的优势种锥形宽水蚤Temoraturbinata锥形宽水蚤Temoraturbinata但是，在2004年夏季成为长江口海域的第一优势种。但是，在2004年夏季成为长江口海域的第一优势种。0246810SONDJFMAMJJASOND00.10.20.30.40.519581959DensityFrequency0.00.51.01.52.02.5ASONDJFMAMJJ00.10.20.319851986DensityFrequencyChinaChinaYear-roundoccurrenceinCREareaYear-roundoccurrenceinCREarea亚热带桡足类成为长江口的优势种亚热带桡足类成为长江口的优势种DominanceindexY=(ni/N)fiDominanceindexY=(ni/N)fi121121.5122122.5123123.53131.53232.50.4~439.2GeographicaldistributionGeographicaldistribution亚热带桡足类成为长江口的优势种亚热带桡足类成为长江口的优势种IntheJiulongRiverestuary,itsdensitywasabout11-100indm-3fromApriltoJune,butlessthan10intherestofayear(Huang&Chen1985).InthenorthoftheTaiwanStraitandsouthoftheEastChinaSea,itwaspredominantinAugust(Hsiehetal.2005).IntheJiulongRiverestuary,itsdensitywasabout11-100indm-3fromApriltoJune,butlessthan10intherestofayear(Huang&Chen1985).InthenorthoftheTaiwanStraitandsouthoftheEastChinaSea,itwaspredominantinAugust(Hsiehetal.2005).ChinaChina亚热带桡足类成为长江口的优势种亚热带桡足类成为长江口的优势种0123JFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJ0.00.20.40.60.81.019591960AverageAbundanceOccurrenceFrequencyTemoraturbinataintheSouthChinaSea,datafrom180stationsTemoraturbinataintheSouthChinaSea,datafrom180stationsItpresentsperenniallyincoastalareaoftheSouthChinaSea,appearingmainlyatnear-shorestations.ItpresentsperenniallyincoastalareaoftheSouthChinaSea,appearingmainlyatnear-shorestations.ChinaChina亚热带桡足类成为长江口的优势种亚热带桡足类成为长江口的优势种Zhang&Wang(2004)Zhang&Wang(2004)夏季，江浙沿岸流好台湾暖流都是自南向北；在表层，台湾暖流的影响会受到冲淡水的抑制。夏季，江浙沿岸流好台湾暖流都是自南向北；在表层，台湾暖流的影响会受到冲淡水的抑制。亚热带桡足类成为长江口的优势种亚热带桡足类成为长江口的优势种T.turbinatapresentedallyearroundwithinatemperaturerangeof18.6-29.6°C;T.turbinatapresentedallyearroundwithinatemperaturerangeof18.6-29.6°C;MaxSSTMaxSSTMinSSTMinSSTAnnualmaxandMinmonthlymeanvaluesforSSTvariationFromZhouetal.,(2005)AnnualmaxandMinmonthlymeanvaluesforSSTvariationFromZhouetal.,(2005)亚热带桡足类成为长江口的优势种亚热带桡足类成为长江口的优势种SSTAtimeseriesintheChangjiangestuaryZhouetal.2005SSTAtimeseriesintheChangjiangestuaryZhouetal.2005亚热带桡足类成为长江口的优势种亚热带桡足类成为长江口的优势种亚热带桡足类成为长江口的优势种亚热带桡足类成为长江口的优势种长江径流对东、黄海营养盐补充有重要作用，径流的改变的确会影响生物地球化学循环，但是把所有问题都归咎于三峡也是片面的。长江径流对东、黄海营养盐补充有重要作用，径流的改变的确会影响生物地球化学循环，但是把所有问题都归咎于三峡也是片面的。Moritzetal.2002;QuirinSchiermeier,2007Moritzetal.2002;QuirinSchiermeier,2007The“WarmingArctic”The“WarmingArctic”Icecampin2003,75NIcecampin2003,75NIcecampin2008,80NIcecampin2008,80NThetundrawarmsandgrowsThetundrawarmsandgrowsHUDSON&HENRY,2009Walshetal.，1989Walshetal.，1989Shortfoodchain--seaiceproduction-to-benthosShortfoodchain--seaiceproduction-to-benthosMoreorganiccarbonsettlestotheseafloorwhereitsupportsarichbenthicfoodweb.Annualcarbonflow(gCm-2yr-1)withinfoodwebsofAdadyrWater(uppervalue)andofAlaskaCoastalWaterWhichpartismostlikelytochange?Whichpartismostlikelytochange?Mis-matchbetweenPPandfishcatchMis-matchbetweenPPandfishcatchPrimaryproductioninpan-ArcticPrimaryproductioninpan-ArcticCarmacketal.,2006Carmacketal.,2006LMEsArea(Km2)SpCatch（t）ArcticOcean33,464,0702097,030ArcticArchipelago1,246,641420,794BaffinBay/DavisStrait754,388813,400,397BarentsSea1,865,42911275,001,919BeauforSea635,0346415ChukchiSea776,6342060,806EastSiberianSea1,012,7112149,453KaraSea968,5074398,164LaptevSea533,1202201,698WestGreenlandShelf365,548707,693,981FishcatchinLargeMarineEcosystemsoftheArcticOcean(LMEdata)Whichpartismostlikelytochange?Whichpartismostlikelytochange?HighbenthosbiomassobservedduringCHINARE2008HighbenthosbiomassobservedduringCHINARE2008Whichpartismostlikelytochange?Whichpartismostlikelytochange?CopepodsAcartialongiremisAcartiahudsonicaCalanusglacialisCalanusfinmarchicusCalanushyperboreusXanthocalanuspolarisParaeuchaetanorvegicaParaeuchaetalarvaeParaeuchaetaglacialisEucalanusbungiiCentopagesabdominalisCentropagestenuiremisPseudocalanusnewmaniPseudocalanusminutusEurytemoraherdmaniEurytemorapacificaClausocalanusfurcatusClausocalanusdubiusScolecithricellaminorAetideopsisrostrataParacalanussp.MetridialongaMicrocalanuspygmaeusMicrocalanuspusillusTortanussp.EuchirellamessinensisScaphocalanusmagusChiridiuspacificusChiridiuspolarisChirundinastreetsiOnceaespp.Oithonasp