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IPA-InternationalPhoneticAlphabet音标InternationalPhoneticsymbols（国际音标）Whatarephoneticsymbols?•thesystemorpatternofspeechsoundsusedinaparticularlanguage语音最小单位是音素。语言的语音都是由四十八个不同的音素相互组合而成的。ı音标英语共有48个音素，其中元音音素20个，辅音音素28个。英语辅音和元音在语言中的作用相当于汉语中的生母和韵母。记录英语音素的符号叫做音标。音标放在两条斜线（//），以免和字母混淆。Howmanyphoneticsymbolsarethere?48phoneticsymbolsVowelsoundsConsonantsPurevowelsdiphthongsVoicelessC.VoicedC.[i:][i][e][æ][ə:][ə][۸][α:][ɔ:][ɔ][u:][u][ei][əu][ai][au][ɔi][iə][ɛə][uə][p][t][k][f][s][Ѳ][ʃ][ʧ][tr][ʦ][h][b][d][g][v][z][ð][ӡ][dӡ][dr][dz][r][l][m][n][ŋ][w][j]国际音标｛元音分类：英语中共有48个音标，元音20个，辅音28个。单元音双元音前元音中元音后元音｛/i:/,/I/,/e/,/æ//ɜ:/,/ǝ/,/ʌ//u:/,/ʊ/,/ɔ:/,/ɒ/,/ɑ://eI/,/aI/,/ɔI/,/Iǝ/,/eǝ/,/ʊǝ/,/aʊ/,/ǝʊ/,辅音爆破音磨檫音鼻音半元音舌边音/p/,/b/,/t/,/d/,/k/,/g//f/,/v/,/s/,/z/,/θ/,/ð/,/ʃ/,/ʒ/,/h/,/r/,/m/,/n/,/ŋ//l//w/,/j//tr/,/dr/,/ts/,/dz/,/tʃ/,/ʤ/,破擦音元音单元音/i:/舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬腭抬起，嘴角向两边张开，流露出微笑的表情，适当拉长发音。与字母E发音相同。注意:“:”是长音符号,长元音往往比它相应的短元音长两倍以上。发音组合:eeeeaieei/i:/例词：he他even甚至sea大海Tree树feel感觉deep深的Tea茶seat座位reason原因Believeachievereceive接受.单元音//---/i/舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬腭抬起，比/i:/低，嘴型扁平。注意嘴巴比/i:/大，发音比/i:/短。发音组合:i/i/---/i/例词：big大的ship轮船hill山脉chicks小鸡元音/e/嘴形扁平，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起。发音组合:eeaa/e/例词：pen钢笔bed床leg胳膊wellBreadheavenmarryanyman单元音/æ/舌尖抵下齿，嘴角尽量拉向两边，成扁平形。是所有音标里面嘴巴咧的最宽的一个，同时嘴巴也要张大，上下齿之间可容纳食指和中指。发音组合:a/æ/例词：amapplethathand前元音发音规律/i:/→/i/→/e/→/æ/舌尖抵下齿舌前部抬起的高度逐步降低牙床张开的程度逐渐加大单元音/ə:/-/ɜ:/舌中部稍抬起，舌尖微抵下齿，双唇扁平，发音较长。发音组合：orirerurear/ɜ:/--/ə:/例词：girlbirdworkwormtermburnsurfpearllearn单元音/ə/双唇扁平，舌尖微抵下齿，口张开比/ɜ:/略大发音组合：aeroro/ə/例词：appearagainaliketeachermotherdrivervisitordoctoractorwelcome元音/ʌ/舌头后部的靠前部分稍微抬起，舌尖和舌端两侧触及下齿。双唇向两旁平伸。发音组合：uo/ʌ/例词：cuprunjumpFlood元音/u:/长元音，嘴形小而圆，微微外突，舌头尽量后缩。舌后部向上抬起，嘴巴要收的又小又圆，并且向外突出。与汉语中的“呜”音很像。发音组合：oooouu/u:/例词：zoofoodcoolpooltombbluegroup单元音/ʊ/-/u/短元音。嘴唇张开略向前突出，嘴形稍收圆并放松些。注意嘴巴的形状，嘴巴张开略向前突出，舌头后部略向上抬起，发短促音即可。发音组合：oouou/ʊ/-/u/例词：foot-feedwoodbookpushpullfullshould元音/ɔ:/舌头置于口腔底部，口腔完全张开，但是不成圆形。然后将舌身再稍稍向后缩.双唇也收的更圆更小发音组合：aooawouoreauorar/ɔ:/例词：forkmorningairporttalkballcallfloorboughtthoughtcaughtnaughty元音/ɔ/-/ɒ/舌头置于口腔底部，口腔完全张开，但是不成圆形。然后将舌身再稍稍向后缩。/ɔ/-/ɒ/例词：cockshopjobbox单元音/ɑ:/长元音。口腔打开，嘴张大，舌身平放后缩，舌尖离开下齿，下巴收低一点，轻松发音。与“啊”发音有点像。/ɑ:/例词：cargardenstarguitar你还记得前面出现过那些单元音吗?/i:/,/i/,/e/,/æ//ǝ:/,/ǝ/,/ɑ:/，/ʌ//u:/,/u/,/ɔ:/,/ɔ/,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________/i://i//e//æ//ɔ://ɔ//u://u/Λ///a://ə://ə/单元音vowels(12个)双元音/ei/,/ai/,/ɔi/,/iǝ/,/eǝ/,/ʊǝ//aʊ/,/ǝʊ/,双元音/eI/--/ei/由[e]和[i]两个单音组成,/e/重读，/i/轻读，口形由半开到合，与字母A发音相同。发音组合：eiaaiay/eI/-/ei/例词：eightfacecakewaitraindaymay双元音/aI/-/ai/口形由开到合，牙齿由全开过度到全闭。发音组合：yiuy/aI/--/ai/例词：mykitewritebicyclebuyguy双元音/ɔi/前元音重读，后元音轻读，双唇从圆到扁，口形从开到合，牙齿从全开到逐渐闭合，注意连贯性。发音组合：oyoi/ɔI/例词：boytoyBoilnoisecoin双元音/iǝ/前元音重读，后元音轻读，双唇始终半开。发音组合：eerearere/Iǝ/例词：beerdeerearfearnearhere双元音/eǝ/前重后轻，舌端抵下齿，双唇半开.发音组合：airearareere/eǝ/例词：hairbarepearChairthere双元音/ʊǝ/前重后轻，嘴唇由收圆到半开，口形由合到开，双唇由圆到扁平。发音组合：oorureour/ʊǝ/例词：tourpoorsuregourd双元音/aʊ//a/重读，/u/轻读，口形由大到小。发音组合：ouow/aʊ/例词：hownowhousemouthtrousers双元音/ǝʊ/口形由半开到小，与字母O的发音相同。前面的音清楚而较长，后面的音圆唇，发音模糊而较短发音字母oowoa/ǝʊ/例词：coatthrowboattoe那么你能说出所有的双元音吗?/eI/,/aI/,/ɔI/,/Iǝ/,/eǝ/,/ʊǝ//aʊ/,/ǝʊ/,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________/Iə//eə//uə//eI//aI//əu//au//ɔI/双元音vowels(8个)元音总结英语语音专题（二）•辅音Consonants(28个)1.爆破音•[p]Practicemakesperfect.•[b]Barryfoundabigbugonherbed.•[t]Thisisahat,that’sacap.•[d]ThedoormantoldDavidtogodown.•[k]Don’tkitthekitten.•[g]Agoodbeginningmakesagoodending.[p][b]pay---baypear–bearpen---Benpig---big[p][b]cap---cablap---labtap---tabrope---robe[t][d]town–downtie–dietear–deartouch–Dutch[t][d]bent–bendright–ridelent–lendbet–bedspeakspitspystudystarstartskyschoolscreen[k][g]Kate–gatecard–guardcould–goodcoat–goat[k][g]pick–pigflak–flagback–bagLock–log2.鼻音[m]MayIhavesomemilk,mum?[n]Noraknowsthenewcomer.[ŋ]Linglingislisteningtothesong.Comparen[n]ng/nk[ŋ]in—inksin-singthin---thingthan—thankson---song3.摩擦音[f]Ifyoubuyfish,makesureit’