分类号学号M201071889学校代码10487密级硕士学位论文管道直饮水成本分析与梯级水价研究学位申请人:周立津学科专业:控制工程指导教师:赵勇教授答辩日期:2012年5月29日ADissertationSubmittedinPartialFulfillmentoftheRequirementsfortheDegreeofMasterinEngineeringTheCostAnalysisofDirectDrinkingWaterandResearchontheMultistepWaterPriceCandidate:ZhouLijinMajor:SystemsEngineeringSupervisor:Prof.ZhaoYongHuazhongUniversityofScienceandTechnologyWuhan,Hubei,430074,P.R.ChinaDecember,2011独创性声明本人声明所呈交的学位论文是我个人在导师指导下进行的研究工作及取得的研究成果。尽我所知,除文中已经标明引用的内容外,本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写过的研究成果。对本文的研究做出贡献的个人和集体,均已在文中以明确方式标明。本人完全意识到本声明的法律结果由本人承担。学位论文作者签名:日期:年月日学位论文版权使用授权书本学位论文作者完全了解学校有关保留、使用学位论文的规定,即:学校有权保留并向国家有关部门或机构送交论文的复印件和电子版,允许论文被查阅和借阅。本人授权华中科技大学可以将本学位论文的全部或部分内容编入有关数据库进行检索,可以采用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编本学位论文。保密□,在________年解密后适用本授权书。本论文属于不保密□。(请在以上方框内打“√”)学位论文作者签名:指导教师签名:日期:年月日日期:年月日1华中科技大学硕士学位论文摘要水资源是城市生存和经济发展的命脉,在世界水危机越发严峻的形势下,如何高效配置水资源成为了社会共同关注的问题。管道直饮水是一种通过工程和行政手段来优化配置水资源的方式。但是,在工程和行政手段之上,管道直饮水项目的良好运行和社会效益最大化更依靠于通过经济杠杆来实现。合理的水价和科学的水价结构是良好运用经济杠杆实现水资源高效配置的具体体现。本文以水资源可持续发展原理为基础,参考现行的水价理论和模型,结合管道直饮水工程的自身特点,借鉴两部制定价原理和方法,探讨了直饮水出厂水价的阶梯定价模型。主要工作包括:论文首先分析了管道直饮水的工程特性,按供应环节对水价进行了分类,并探讨了当前水价制定原理和方法在直饮水价格上的适用性。其次,结合工程背景,依据两部制定价原理和思路,对管道直饮水工程的成本进行了分类与分析,将固定投资按各年份照现金流出的实际情况分摊至各年的供水量中,容量成本中的固定投资部分按供水量计算(采用较高的单价),提高供需双方的公平性。然后将平均容量成本与平均计量成本曲线合成价格曲线,并根据价格曲线的边际特性划分梯级水价。最后,以万绿湖直饮水工程为实例,利用上述模型计算处梯级水价和财务指标。结果表明该定价模型有利于提高偿还备付率,稳定内部收益率和净资产收益率,对我国直饮水工程的实施具有参考价值。关键词:管道直饮水、两部制价格、梯级水价、可持续性2华中科技大学硕士学位论文AbstractThewaterresourceisthepillarofcitysurvivalandtheeconomydevelopment.Astheworldwatercrisisisincreasingly,howtooptimizeallocatewaterresourcehasbecomethecommon-concernedissuesofsociality.Directdrinkingwaterisanengineeringandadministrativemeanstooptimizetheallocationofwaterresources.However,abovetheengineeringandadministrativemeans,thegoodfunctioningandsocialbenefitsofpipelinedirectdrinkingwaterprojectsalsorelyontheeconomicleverstoachieve.Reasonablewaterpriceandpricestructureofscienceisagooduseofeconomicleverstoachieveaconcretemanifestationoftheefficientallocationofwaterresources.Thisstudywillfocusonpipelinedirectdrinkingwatertothepriceofwater-relatedissues.Thisthesisisbasedontheprinciplesofsustainablewaterresourcesdevelopment,tobuildpricemodelsandthepricingsystemfordirectdrinkingwaterstation.Thismodelreferstothecurrentwaterpricingtheoryandmodel,whichcontainsitsowncharacteristicsofdirectdrinkingwaterprojects.ThepricemodelisbasedontheprincipleofTwo-partpricesystemmodelwiththecoststructure.Thecostsareclassifiedasfixed-costandcalculated-cost,andfinalcompositionofthepriceinordertoreducefixedinvestmentrisk.Themodelintroducesincentivesandpunishmentmechanismintothewaterpriceinordertoacceleratethemarketingofdirectdiversionandnotawasteofresources.Thisarticlemadeadifferenceinthefixed-costscollectionmethodsonthetwotierpricesystemmodel.Fixed-costsinthemodelwillbesharedaccordingtothefixedinvestmentofthecashoutflowintheannualwatersupplyandthepricetogetthroughthecombinationoffixed-costsandmetered-costs.Then,thewaterpricewillbebasedonthemarginalcharacteristicsofthepricecurveisdividedintothreestages.Cascadewaterpricetrendfirstandthendecreasedwiththeincreaseinwaterconsumptionwas.Thefirstparagraphofthehighpriceofwaterusedtoreducefixedinvestmentrisks,Thesecondparagraphofthelowpriceofwaterreflectsthemechanismforencouragingresidentstousewater,Thethirdparagraphofthehighestpriceofwaterreflectsthepenaltiesforexcessivewaterusebehavior.Finally,accordingtothepriceofoutput,marketcharacteristicsanddrinkingwaterbusinessriskofthepublicwater,sectoranalysisand3华中科技大学硕士学位论文givestheappropriatestrategy.WanLuhudirectDrinkingWaterUsingtheabovemethodtocalculatethepriceofwaterforwatersupplylinkisreasonablypracticable,andhasadirectreferencevalue.KeyWords:directdrinkingwater、two-partprice、cascadewaterprice、sustainability4华中科技大学硕士学位论文目录摘要.................................................................................................................................................1Abstract.............................................................................................................................................21绪论.............................................................................................................................................51.1项目背景............................................................................................................................51.2水价的国内外研究状况....................................................................................................81.3研究意义..........................................................................................................................111.4研究内容和目标..............................................................................................................122管道直饮水工程水价模型适用性分析...................................................................................142.1管道供水水价分类..........................................................................................................142.2直饮水水价模型特性.....................................................................................................