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2019译林牛津高考英语一轮导学案：M3U2一、阅读理解Ifyouwanttoslowaging,youmightwanttoeatless.Thisfindingisgoodnews---ifyouwereamouse.Theresearchersstudiedmice,notpeople.JohnPriceandotherresearchersstudiedtwogroupsofmice.Onegroupwasabletoeatasmuchasitwanted.Theresearcherslimitedwhatthemiceintheothergroupate.Theirdiethad35percentfewercaloriesthanthefirstgroupofmice.Pricesaysthemicewiththedietrestrictionswere“moreenergeticandsufferedfewerdisease.”Theywerenotjustlivinglongerbutseemedtostayyoungerforalongerperiodoftime.Theresearchersfoundthatfewercaloriesslowdownanaturalmechanismincellscalledribosomes.Priceexplainsthatribosomesareresponsibleformakingimportantproteinsinthecells.Butwithfewercalories,theyslowdown.Thisgivesthecellsmoretimetorepairthemselves.Theresearcherssayribosomesusefrom10to20percentofthecell’senergytomakethoseproteins.Pricewrotethat“becauseofthis,itisimpracticaltodestroyanentireribosome”whenitstartstobreakdown.However,“repairingindividualpartsoftheribosomeonaregularbasisenablesribosomestocontinueproducinghighqualityproteinsforlongerthantheywouldotherwise.Thistopqualityproduction,inturn,keepscellsandtheentirebodyfunctioningwell.”Pricesaid,“ribosomeisaverycomplexmachine,likeacar.”Theyneed“maintenancetoreplacethepartsthatwearoutthefastest.Whentireswearout,”heexplained,“youdon’tthrowthewholecarawayandbuyanewone.Itcostslesstoreplacetheoldtires.”“Food,”hesaid,“isn’tjustmaterialtobeburned---it’sasignalthattellsourbodyandcellshowtorespond.”Pricesaidthefindingshelptoexplainhowexactlyourbodiesage.Andthismay“helpusmakemoreeducateddecisionsaboutwhatweeat.”1.Whatcanweknowaboutthemicewithlimitedcaloriesfromthestudy?A.TheycankeephealthyeasilyB.TheyneedmoreenergytobeactiveC.TheycanlookyoungerthantheyareD.Theywilllivealongerlifelikehumans2.Whatwillhappentoribosomesiftherearefewercalories?A.TheywillcompletelybreakdownB.TheymakeproteinsinthecellsslowlyC.TheywillproducehighqualityproteinsmoreD.Theymayneedmoretimetorepairthemselves3.Priceexplainedtheribosomes’roleofrepairingthemselvesby_________.A.tellingastoryB.listingbasicdataC.makingcomparisonsD.experimentingonmice4.Whatdoesthetextmainlydealwith?A.FooddecideshowlongyouliveB.Canyouslowdownyouragingprocess?C.EatinglessmayhelpyoulivelongerD.Shouldyourdietbereducedforyourhealth?【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。通过研究实验发现：吃的少会使你长寿。1.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中Theresearcherslimitedwhatthemiceintheothergroupate.Theirdiethad35percentfewercaloriesthanthefirstgroupofmice.的提示可知他们能够很容易保持健康，故选A。2.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中Theresearchersfoundthatfewercaloriesslowdownanaturalmechanismincellscalledribosomes.的提示可知它们会在细胞中缓慢地产生蛋白质，故选B。4.C【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段首句Ifyouwanttoslowaging,youmightwanttoeatless.Thisfindingisgoodnews的提示可知这片名文章的主旨是吃的少会使你长寿，故选C。二、词汇练习1.alotoflearning__________Don’t__________theplasticvasetoohard,oritmightbebroken.（压力；压）2._________somevinegarandwaterupandyouwillgeta__________.（混合；混合物）3.makegreat__________to…Hisdiligence__________tohisgreatsuccesseventually.（贡献；促成）4.workas__________apublic_____________Hefirst___________asawaiter.（服务；招待；仆人）5.Canyou_________Johnfromthetwotwins?makea____________（区别，差别；区分，辨别）6.raiseapublic__________about…anissue___________publicsafety（关心，忧虑；涉及）7.Iwouldliketodrink________water.Thewaterhasbeen__________.Itissafetodrinkit.（纯净的；使纯净）8.Canyouhave_________tothecaveonthetopofthehill?Thecaveonthetopofthehillis_________toyou.（通道）（使用的）机会，权利9.draw/reach/cometoa____________Iamsurethatafterreadingthenovel,youcan________thatitisfantastic.(结论；得出结论)10.Pleasecometomyhomeatyour__________nexttime.Thetraffichereisvery___________.Manyroadsleadtotheairportandrailwaystation.（方便的；方便）11.Theplanisof___________use.Knowledgecomesfrom____________.（实际的，实用的；实践）12.Wedon’tjudgeapersononlyaccordingtohisorher_____________.Bemorepatient.Hewill__________soonerorlater.（表明，外表；出现）13.Thefirmisworkingonanewproductin___________withseveraloverseaspartners.Somecharactersweremadeby__________twoormorecharacterstogether.（组合，联合）14.makea__________AmericanEnglish___________slightlyfromBritishEnglishinpronunciationandspelling.Whatis___________fromyouisthatheworksharderthanyou.（相异；不同的；不同）15.___________discriminationPeopleallovertheworldshouldliveinharmonywitheachotherregardlessof________,genderandnationality.（种族）16.Aredskyatnight___________fineweatherthefollowingday.Thereisno___________thathewillturnupagain.（显示；暗示）17.practice__________English18.现今ad19.击败v20.替换v21.筹募v22.过程n23.unique24.风俗n25.举起v26.deed27.缺点，短处ns____________28.养育v29.thus30.version31.除….之外a___________________32.由….组成be_____________________=____________________33.母语______________________34.pooreyesight35.代表；象征___________________三、完形填空Itimpressedmealot.Ineverthoughtthatlittlehelpwill__1__outtobethemostsatisfyingthingIhaveeverdone.Hewastired，and__2__toclimbfurther.Withabroad__3__，heaskedifIcouldhelphimwithsomemoney.Hewasparalyzed(瘫痪)inbothlegsandwas__4__fundsforsomeoperation.Hesaidthatifoperatedsuccessfully，hecould__5__atrainingguaranteeinghimajob.Iwasfullof__6__andevenaskedhimtoshowhislegs.Igavehimthe__7__money.Afterafewdays，heagaincameatmydoorstepaskingformoremoneyforaccommodation.Thistime