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Appositives,AppositiveClausesAndTheirApplication同位语、同位语从句及运用ZhaoMeiStep1.Warmingupandleadin热身和导入•Readthefollowingsentencesandfindoutwhatkindofpartsofspeechtheunderlinedwordsare.读下列句子，并指出划横线词语所充当的句子成分。•He,SongJoong-ki,wasbornonSeptember19,1985.•宋仲基出生于1985年9月19日。•Descendentsofthesun,aminiTVseries,attractedusall.•太阳的后裔，一部迷你电视剧，吸引了我们所有人。People,maleandfemale,areattractedbySongJoong-ki.人们，男的女的，都为宋仲基所吸引。•AlthoughIwasalsoattractedbythisTVplay,thebeliefthattruelovecanovercomealldifficultiesleftthedeepestimpressiononme.尽管我也为这部电视剧所吸引，给我印象最深的还是真爱能克服一切困难这个信念。•总结：同位语是句子成分的一种,它位于名词、代词后面,关系不紧密时,可用逗号隔开，补充解释说明它们的__________________,它可以由__________________、________、________或______充当。身份或具体内容从句名词或名词短语代词形容词Step2.Appositiveclauses同位语从句•Task1:Readthefollowingsentencesandfindouttherulesforappositiveclauses.任务一：读下列句子，并找出同位语从句的规则。1)Thefactthatheishandsomeandhumorousisabsolutelytrue.2)IhavenoideawhySongJoong-kiattractedsomanyfans.3)IhavebeenthinkingaboutthequestionwhetherIshouldtrytoseehiminperson.4)InthisTVplay,therewasasuggestionthatallmenshouldhaveastrongsenseofresponsibility.Rule1:在复合句中充当______语的从句叫同位语从句.它一般跟在某些抽象名词___面,用以说明该名词表示的________。因此同位语从句结构是_____+________+________。常见的引导同位语从句的名词有belief(信念),idea(主意),fact(事实),question/problem(问题),truth(真相),suggestion(建议),thought(想法),news(消息),promise(承诺),doubt(怀疑),hope(希望),message(信息),reply(回复),order(命令),fear(害怕),conclusion(结论),possibility(可能)。同位后具体内容名词引导词从句Rule2:引导同位语从句的引导词有:从属连词(不充当成分，无意义),（不充当成分，“是否”）；连接代词（什么）,（谁）等，连接副词（什么时候）,（在哪儿）,（为什么）,（如何，怎样）等。thatwhetherwhatwhowhenwherewhyhowRule3:在suggestion后面的同位语从句要用__________语气，即________+_____________。出现以下名词，同样要用此种语气。•一坚持insistence二命令order,command三建议suggestion,advice,recommendation四要求proposal,demand,request,requirement虚拟should动词原形【小组活动1】语法填空(用适当的连接词填空)1)Theyexpressedthehope_____theywouldcomeovertovisitChinaagain.2)Ihavenoidea_____theywereabletogetitdoneinsoshortatime.3)Haveyouanyidea_____heisdoingnow?4)Theyaskedmethequestion_______theworkwasworthdoing.5)Thequestion_____shoulddotheworkrequiresconsideration.thathowwhatwhetherwhoTask2:Judgewhatclausestheyareinthefollowingsentences.判断以下从句类型。1.Ihatedthefactthatthelovershadbrokenupinthesecondepisode(集).2.Ihatedthefactthathetoldme.3.ThenewsthatSongJoong-kiwillcometoChinaisexciting.4.Thenewsthathetoldmeisexciting.同位语从句定语从句同位语从句定语从句总结：同位语从句和定语从句的区别1)同位语从句用来进一步____________前面名词的内容;定语从句用来__________前面的名词。2)在同位语从句中that_______成分，只起_________作用，一般_____省略;在定语从句中that代替先行词作_______________成分，用作_____可省略。补充解释说明修饰限制不充当连接不可充当主/宾/表宾语【小组活动2】高考链接：1)语法填空：Maybeyouleaveahabit________isdrivingyourfamilycrazy.（2014全国）Therecanbelittledoubt____classescanhelpthegiftedchildrentograduateearlierandtaketheirplaceinlifesooner.（2011广东）2）改错：ButIstillrememberthestory,believeitornot,whichwegotlostonarainynight.that/whichthat____thatStep3.Theapplicationofappositives一、同位语是对前面的名词或代词进行补充说明，因此可以通过同位语的解释来猜测它所修饰词的含义【小组活动1】Trytoguessthemeaningtheoftheunderlinedwordaccordingtotheappositivethatmodifiesit.1)Themodernageofmedicinebeganwiththestethoscope,aninstrumentforlisteningtoapatient’sheartbeatandbreathing.()2)Semantics,thestudyofthemeaningofwords,isnecessaryifyouaretospeakandreadintelligently.()3)Ourclasslearnedhowtouseaprotractor,atoolformeasuringangles(角度).()听诊器语义学量角器4)Butsuddenlytheybecametheparentsofquintuplets,fourgirlsandaboylookingthesame,aneventwhichquicklychangedtheirlives.()5)WilliamShakespearesaid,“Thewebofourlifeisofamingledyarn（纱线）,goodandilltogether.”()五胞胎混合交织的二、同位语运用于介绍人物、事物或地点。既然同位语是对前面的名词或代词进行补充说明，将同位语去掉后，句子的结构不受影响，依然完整，即结构依然是主谓宾、主系表等。如：SongJoong-ki,apopstarfromSouthKorean,isoneofmyfavoriteactors.apopstarfromSouthKorean【小组活动4】请用同位语介绍你的同桌、同学、好友、学校、家乡或者最喜欢的菜肴、水果等。如：Zhanjiang,afamoushomeofseafoodandtropicalfruits,ismyhometown.afamoushomeofseafoodandtropicalfruitsStep4.Theapplicationofappositiveclausestowriting同位语从句常用情景及句型：1)引出新闻报导，消息，谣言等内容:News/Wordcamethat…消息传来说...Rumorsgotaround/spreadthat…谣言传开2）陈述观点(特别是表达正反两方的观点),提出建议,或用来解释观点、理由、结论等的内容.Sb.beinfavorof…/beagainst…,forthereasonthat…某人支持/反对,认为.../原因是...Sb.holdtheopinion/view/beliefthat..持有...的观点Sb.have/hasnoideathat…某人不知道…Sb.cansafelydrawtheconclusionthat…某人可以得出…的结论Sbhave/hasadreamthat…某人有一个梦想…3）用于一些功能句型表特定含义：onconditionthat/ontheassumptionthat只要Thereisnodoubtthat/Thereisnodenyingthat毫无疑问【小组活动5】翻译：利用同位语从句优化句子。1.他建议我减肥。我不赞成他的建议，因为肥是幸福的表现。HesuggestedthatIshouldloseweight.Iamagainsthissuggestion,becausebeingfatsuggeststhatIamhappy.合并优化：__________________________________________________________________________________________IamagainsthissuggestionthatIshouldloseweight,forthereasonthatbeingfatsuggeststhatIamhappy.2.我认为幸福就是猫吃鱼，狗吃肉，奥特曼打小怪兽。Ithinkhappinessisthatacateatitsfish,adogenjoyitsmeat,whileUltramanfightintheJapanesestreet.优化表达：________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Iheldtheopinion/view/beliefthathappinessisthatacateatitsfish,adogenjoyitsmeat,whileUltramanfightintheJapanesestreet.3.消息传开说宋仲基会来中国。Thenewsgotabout.SongJoong-kiwouldcometoChina.合并优化：__________________________________________________________Thenewsgot