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公路施工新技术2019年12月施工过程施工过程新技术•自检碾压机•移动式拌和楼•红外线摄影机•混合料传送机不均匀密度的影响•同压密不够类似增加剥落与水损减少疲劳寿命•增加空隙率1%将至少减少10%的寿命不均匀密度的位置温差超过14°C空隙率增加2%材料传递机材料传递机拌和叶片摊铺之前的再拌和施工工艺自动化•计算机技术应用•卫星和激光定位技术•遥控技术•图控技术•机器眼技术•动态反馈和传感技术•人机对话技术卫星定位技术激光定位技术遥控技术遥控挖掘装载机碾压自动化多台碾压机碾压自动化机器眼探测裂缝机器眼安装路面标记自动封缝机图控技术人机对话遥控管涵安装机遥控挖掘装载机桥梁除漆机器人自动扫雪洒盐机路面新技术•超级性能路面•玛蹄脂沥青碎石混凝土路面•永久路面混合料主要特点严格的材料选择旋转压密机和体积比设计PGAGG%passingsievesize0.45SGC沥青性能分级以天气为基础PG64-22PerformanceGradeAverage7-daymaxpavementdesigntempMinpavementdesigntempThehighertheGrade,thestifferthebinder.Themorerutresistance.PG82PG76PG70PG64PG58Thelowerthenumber,themoreresistanttothermalcracking.PG-22-28-34集料特性•基本特性–要求–coarseaggregateangularity(CAA)–fineaggregateangularity(FAA)–flat,elongatedparticles(F&E)–claycontent(SE)•来源特性–选择–toughness–soundness–deleteriousmaterials–polishvalues1000.075.32.364.759.512.519.0PercentPassingSieveSize(mm)Raisedto0.45Power级配控制点1000.075.32.364.759.512.519.0PercentPassingcontrolpointrestrictedzonemaxdensitylinemaxsizenommaxsizeSieveSize(mm)Raisedto0.45PowerMarshallMethodSFSCBFBCSR19.0mm25.0mm37.5mm9.5mm4.75mm12.5mmAGGREGATEGRADATIONNominalSize:19.0mmSMA&19.0mmSuperpavePercentPassing19mmNominalSieveSize0.020.040.060.080.0100.0120.0SieveSizeRaisedto0.45PowerPercentPassingBlend1Blend2SMASuperpave19.0mmSuperpaveInsertI-70I-70Ndesign-9619.0mmSMAVTM-4.3AGGREGATEGRADATIONNominalSize:12.5mmSMA&12.5mmSuperpave12.5mmNominalSieveSize0.020.040.060.080.0100.0120.0SieveSizeRaisedto0.45PowerPercentPassingBlend1Blend2PercentPassingSMASuperpaveI-8312.5mmPG70-22BinderFirst12.5mmSMAI-68Ndesign-1003.9VTM热压密和紧跟摊铺机!特性比较RutResistantDurableSkidResistantReducedSprayReducedHydroplaningReducedSoundSuperpaveSMADecisionPointsforusingSMAastheSurfaceLayer2000ESAL’sperday55mph永久路面路面设计概念永久路面路面设计概念抗疲劳沥青基层：通过厚度使拉应变最小永久路面路面设计概念抗车辙上面层集料颗粒摩擦互锁：轧制和粗颗粒沥青胶结料：高温性能和改性空隙率：现场4%-6%永久路面路面设计概念抗车辙上面层车辙试验验证•现场•加速试验上开裂华盛顿州永久路面州际高速公路90号•47%•没有破坏27-33年；路面24公分；第一次罩面12年；第二次罩面13年。厚度比较性能试验车辙仪车辙仪试验结果•车辆噪音:–engine,–exhaustsystem,–aerodynamicnoise–tirenoise.•For90kmph,pavement/tirenoisedominates.PowertrainnoiseCoast-bynoise路面噪音FHWA-NoiseAbatementCriteria67dB(A)“thisisnotanabsolutevalueordesignstandard,onlyalevelwherenoisemitigationmustbeconsidered”0.0000010.000010.00010.0010.010.11101001000SoundPressure,N/sq.m.020406080100120140DecibelLevelTheDecibelScalePainThresholdDiscomfortTheDecibelScaleIncreasingthedecibellevelby10doublesthenoiseintensity!0246810121416NoiseIntensity60708090100DecibelsConversationTrain–隔音墙和种树–ErectNoiseWallsorPlantTrees/Shrubs–路面微观构造–ControlSurfaceTexture防止噪音措施隔音墙Effectiveonlyforthoseinline-of-sight.Donotreducenoiseatsource.•Effectivenessmustjustifyexpense.•Cases:–I-40,Knoxville:$25,000/home–I-285,Atlanta:Requirementsof69dB(A)and$50,000/home–U.S.441,WestBoca,FL:67dB(A),$30,000/home,reductionof5dB(A)–Nationwide(FHWA,2019):$1M/mile隔音墙Conclusions,“Ingeneral,whendense-gradedasphaltandPCCpavementsarecompared,thedense-gradedisquieterby2to3dB(A)”路面微观构造67dB(A)15mTheDecibelScaleAreductionof3dB(A)islikedoublingthedistancefromthenoise.67dB(A)30m-3dB(A)=64dB(A)Conclusions:“Ingeneral,whendense-gradedasphaltandPCCpavementsarecompared,thedense-gradedisquieterby2to3dB(A)”A3dB(A)reductioncorrespondsto:-doublingthedistance-reducingtrafficvolumeby50%-reducingtrafficspeedby25%Conclusions:“Open-gradedasphaltshowsthegreatestpotentialfornoisereductionforpassbynoise.Reductionwhencomparedtodense-gradedasphaltrangedfrom1to9dB(A).”A9dB(A)reductioncorrespondsto:-areductionintrafficnoisebyalmost50%!OGFCsReduceNoiseandImproveVisibilityNoiseReductionOpenvsDenseGradedMixes74767880820246Age,inyearsSoundPressure,dB(A)12mmDense12mmDense12mmPorous8mmPorous18-22%voids8mmPorous22%voidsSource:NCHRP284•DOTsindicateastrongneedforpavementnoisecontrolstrategies.•Properselectionofpavementsurfaceisthebestmethodtoreducenoisefrompavement/tireinteractions.WhatCanBeDone?•OGFCisthequietestsurfacetype.(Wayson,NCHRPSynthesis268)•SMAhasalsoproventobeaquietsurface.(WisconsinDOT,1993)•DensegradedHMAsurfacesarequieterthanPCCpavements.(HibbsandLarson,ReportFHWA-SA-96-068,May2019)EffectofPavementSurfaceNoiseMakesNews!FamiliesNearI-275islobbyingtheMichiganDOTforsoundabatement.In2019,MDOTrebuiltI-275withconcrete.Residentscontendtheprojecthasincreasenoiselevels.Levelshavebeenregisteredupwardsof90decibels.StevePhillipsofBerkshire,England-basedTRLLimitedspokeaboutEngland’s10-yearplantoinstallquietersurfaceson60%ofmaintrunkroads.ThesurfaceswillbeSMAorOGFC.Summary•Highwaynoiseisimportanttothepublic.•SmallchangesindBlevelarenoticeable.–Decreaseof9dB(A)reducesnoiseby50%–Decreaseof3dB(A)islikedoublingdistanceSummary•Noisewallscanwork,but:–Theyareexpensive.–Theydon’tworkinalltypesofterrain.–Sourceofnoiseisstillthere.•Asphaltpavementscanreducenoiseatthesourcebyupto9dB(A).HotMixAsphaltSummary•Asphaltpavementsfornoisereductioninorderofeffectiveness:–OGFC–SMA–Dense-GradedHMAPCC