济慈—Ode-on-a-Grecian-Urn

希腊古翁（古董花瓶）Johnkeats(1795–1821)1795~1821inLondon•OutstandingrepresentativeofEuropeanRomanticMovement•FamousasByronandShelley•Oneofthe2ndgenerationofromanticpoetsJohnkeats(1795–1821)•1818~1820,hecreatedmostofhisworks•1815enteredamedicalschoolbutgaveupwithinayear•1810hismotherdiedoftuberculosis(肺结核)•1804hisfatherdied•1795borninapoorfamily,2brothersand1sisterSummerof1818,hisbrotherdiedalsooftuberculosisJohnkeats(1795–1821)•Afterthat,KeatslivedinHampstead—KeatsFellinlovewithhisneighbor—FannyBrawneInthefollowingyears,troubledbyillnessandpovertyJohnkeats(1795–1821)AfterhisdeathFannymournedhimfor7yearsandworehisengagementringtillshedied2.23.1821,KeatsdiedandburiedinProtestantCometeryRome.Early1821,histuberculosisdeclinedSevern(塞文)accompaniedhimwhenKeatsdiedHislastrequest:tobeburiedunderanunnamedtombstone,withwords“Hereliesonewhosenamewaswritinwater”此地长眠者，声名水上书Johnkeats(1795–1821)worksLongPoemsEndymion《恩底弥翁》Isabella《伊莎贝拉》TheEveofSt.Agnes《圣亚尼节前夜》Lamia《莱米亚》Hyperion《赫坡里昂》ShortPoemsOdeonaGrecianUrn《希腊古瓮颂》OdetoaNightingale《夜莺颂》OdetoMelancholy《忧郁颂》OdetoAutumn《秋颂》SonnetOdeBrightStar《闪亮的星星》WhenIhaveFear《当我害怕的时候》ThreeTypesofEmotionsinhisPoetry•Happiness•LovePositiveNegative•Sorrow•Melancholy•DeathNeutral•Solitude•IndolenceHisPositioninEnglishLiteratureKnownasasensuouspoetAvoicethroughwhichbeautyexpressesitself.Heis,likeShakespeare,MiltonandWordsworth,oneoftheindisputablegreatEnglishpoets.TodayhispoemsandlettersaresomeofthemostpopularandmostanalyzedinEnglishliterature.OdeonaGrecianUrnThoustillunravish’d（纯洁的）brideofquietness,Thoufoster-child（领养的孩子）ofsilenceandslowtime,Sylvan（田园的)historian,whocanstthusexpressAflowerytalemoresweetlythanourrhyme（指本诗）:Whatleaf-fringedlegendhauntsaboutthyshapeOfdeities（神）ormortals（凡人）,orofboth,InTempeorthedalesofArcady?Whatmenorgodsarethese?Whatmaidensloth（即loath,不愿意的）?Whatmadpursuit?Whatstruggletoescape?Whatpipesandtimbrels（风笛与铃鼓）?Whatwildecstasy（狂喜）?Heardmelodies（歌曲）aresweet,butthoseunheardAresweeter;therefore,yesoftpipesplayon;Nottothesensualear（肉体的耳朵，世俗的耳朵）,but,moreendear’d,Pipetothespiritditiesofnotone（无声的小曲）.Fairyouth,beneaththetrees（在树下）,thoucanstnotleaveThysong,norevercanthosetreesbebare;BoldLover,never,nevercanstthoukiss,Thoughwinningnearthegoalyet,donotgrieve（悲痛、哀悼）;Shecannotfade,thoughthouhastnotthyblissForeverwiltthoulove,andshebefair!OdeonaGrecianUrnAh,happy,happyboughs（大树枝）!thatcannotshedYourleaves,noreverbidtheSpringadieu（与春天道别）;And,happymelodist,unwearied（不累的，孜孜不倦的）,Foreverpipingsongsforevernew;Morehappylove!morehappy,happylove!Foreverwarmandstilltobeenjoy’d,Foreverpanting（因狂喜而呼吸急促）,andforeveryoung;Allbreathinghumanpassionfarabove,Thatleavesahearthigh-sorrowfulandcloy’d（厌腻）,Aburningforehead,andaparching（枯焦）tongue.OdeonaGrecianUrnWhoarethesecomingtothesacrifice?Towhatgreenaltar（圣坛）,Omysteriouspriest（牧师，教士）,Lead‘stthouthatheifer（小母牛）lowing（鸡叫）attheskies,Andallhersilkenflanks（侧面）withgarlands（花环）drest（=dressed）?Whatlittletownbyriverorseashore,Ormountain-builtwithpeacefulcitadel（城堡）,Isemptiedofthisfolk,thispious（虔诚的）morn（=morning）?And,littletown,thystreetsforevermoreWillsilentbe;andnotasoultotellWhythouartdesolate（荒无人烟）,cane'erreturn.OdeonaGrecianUrnOAttic（雅典式的，古雅的）shape!Fairattitude（形态，姿势）!withbrede（braid，古翁上男女浮雕的镶边，衣带）Ofmarblemenandmaidensoverwrought,Withforestbranchesandthetroddenweed;Thou,silentform,dostteaseusoutofthought（使我们思绪万千）Asdotheternity:ColdPastoral（田园诗歌）!Whenoldageshallthisgenerationwaste,Thoushaltremain,inmidstofotherwoe（灾祸）Thanours,afriendtoman,towhomthousay'st,Beautyistruth,truthbeauty---thatisallYeknowonearth,andallyeneedtoknow.OdeonaGrecianUrnThelyricpoemisdividedintofivestanzas:ThefirstfourlinesofeverystanzahaveastructureofABABTheremaining6linesoftheFirstandLaststanzafollowapatternofCDEDCETheThirdandFourthstanzasendwithastructureofCDECDETheSecondstanzaendsCDECEDThefirstfourlinesofeachstanzaareaShakespearianbasedquatrainandthelastsixlinesareaMiltonicbasedsestet.LineGroupingsThankyou!